千古之策与百年研究:西域屯垦开发的成就与展望

屯垦戍边是中国历代中央王朝和地方政府治理西域的重要措施,是西域经济开发、社会稳定和边疆安全的重要保障,被誉为“千古之策”。从20世纪二、三十年代国家开始重视西北开发起,西域屯垦研究取得了较为丰富的成果,这些研究主要集中于西域农业经济开发、移民屯垦与社会稳定、屯垦管理机构建设与边疆安全等方面。20世纪八十年代后,西域屯垦戍边研究与新疆社会发展、西北边疆安全和西部大开发问题紧密相联。从研究趋势看,这两个时期前后都出现了“先热后冷”的现象;从资料使用上看,相对集中于传世文献的分析和研究,对于新近出土的文献和考古成果重视不够;从考察对象看,对漠北高原的民族流动所带来的多元文化重视不够,对中华民族中少数民族屯垦重视不够。本文拟梳理百年来西域屯垦开发的研究历史,总结经验和不足,为当前新疆兵团发展、边疆社会稳定提供历史借鉴。

西汉时期的西域开发及其民族关系

西汉对西域的开发,使西域与中原地区交往的门户洞开,从此之后,不论政治情况如何,沿着丝绸之路的经济文化联系一直都没有断绝过。自汉以后,西域人民的向心力日益增强,西域各民族成为我国民族大家庭中不可或缺的一部分,各民族互相团结,共同进步,形成我国西部地区稳定和发展的大好局面。

试论边疆治理之移民实边——以新疆为例

自西汉至清代,历代中央政权在经营西域过程中,始终贯穿着以屯田为主要形式的移民实边政策。由于各朝国力及主政集团边疆经营理念的区别,使得移民实边在不同历史时期有所差异,却处于不断深化中。本文主要从移民实边的治理理念与实施两方面,探讨历史上中央政权经营西域的进程及不同阶段的特点与差异。

China＇s Regional Policy Scenarios for 2011-2015 Period

In pursuit of more balanced regional development, China should base its regional policy during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan on the principle of fairness, and tailor it to the specific characteristics of needy areas and development priority zones. The country ＂s master plan of developing the western region, revitalizing the northeast, supporting the rise of central China, and upgrading the east should continue.

Study on Development of the West of Shandong Province Based on Overall Regional Development Planning Pattern

The overall regional development planning pattern has been considered to be a new and effective pattern as for development of provincial economy.The article analyzed the current conditions of the west of Shandong Province and tried to find the generation mechanisms of current non-balanced economic development of Shandong Province.And then approaches to regional development were put forward according to the theory of regional development pattern as a whole.