[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years. [Method] Variation characteristics of average annual maximum temperature, average annual ...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years. [Method] Variation characteristics of average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years were analyzed by using related temperature data during 1981 -2010 collected from National Meteorological Observation Station in Zhangqiu. [Result] Average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City showed an upward trend; average annual minimum temperature showed the most significant increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 1.347 ℃/10 a; followed by average annual temperature; average annual maximum temperature showed the slowest increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 0.062 ℃/10 a, indicating that the increase of average annual temperature mainly depended on the contribution of average annual minimum temperature. [Conclusion] This study provides reference and scientific basis for climate change monitoring, diagnosis, assessment, forecast and decision-making in Zhangqiu City.展开更多
This paper presents the long-term climate changes of significant wave height(Hs) in 1958–2001 over the entire global ocean using the 45-year European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Reanalysis(ERA-40...This paper presents the long-term climate changes of significant wave height(Hs) in 1958–2001 over the entire global ocean using the 45-year European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Reanalysis(ERA-40) wave data. The linear trends in Hs and regional and seasonal differences of the linear trends for Hs were calculated. Results show that the Hs exhibits a significant increasing trend of about 4.6 cm decade-1 in the global ocean as a whole over the last 44 years. The Hs changes slowly during the periods 1958–1974 and 1980–1991, while it increases consistently during the periods 1975–1980 and 1995–1998. The Hs reaches its lowest magnitude in 1975, with annual average wave height about 2 m. In 1992, the Hs has the maximum value of nearly 2.60 m. The Hs in most ocean waters has a significant increasing trend of 2–14 cm decade-1 over the last 44 years. The linear trend exhibits great regional differences. Areas with strong increasing trend of Hs are mainly distributed in the westerlies of the southern Hemisphere and the northern Hemisphere. Only some small areas show obvious decreasing in Hs. The long-term trend of Hs in DJF(December, January, February) and MAM(March, April, May) is much more stronger than that in JJA(June, July, August) and SON(September, October, November). The linear trends of the Hs in different areas are different in different seasons; for instance, the increasing trend of Hs in the westerlies of the Pacific Ocean mainly appears in MAM and DJF.展开更多
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years. [Method] Variation characteristics of average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years were analyzed by using related temperature data during 1981 -2010 collected from National Meteorological Observation Station in Zhangqiu. [Result] Average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City showed an upward trend; average annual minimum temperature showed the most significant increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 1.347 ℃/10 a; followed by average annual temperature; average annual maximum temperature showed the slowest increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 0.062 ℃/10 a, indicating that the increase of average annual temperature mainly depended on the contribution of average annual minimum temperature. [Conclusion] This study provides reference and scientific basis for climate change monitoring, diagnosis, assessment, forecast and decision-making in Zhangqiu City.
基金supported by the National Ky Basic Research Development Program(Grant Nos.2015CB453200,2013CB956200,2012CB957803,2010CB950400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41430426,41490642,41275086,41475070)
文摘This paper presents the long-term climate changes of significant wave height(Hs) in 1958–2001 over the entire global ocean using the 45-year European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Reanalysis(ERA-40) wave data. The linear trends in Hs and regional and seasonal differences of the linear trends for Hs were calculated. Results show that the Hs exhibits a significant increasing trend of about 4.6 cm decade-1 in the global ocean as a whole over the last 44 years. The Hs changes slowly during the periods 1958–1974 and 1980–1991, while it increases consistently during the periods 1975–1980 and 1995–1998. The Hs reaches its lowest magnitude in 1975, with annual average wave height about 2 m. In 1992, the Hs has the maximum value of nearly 2.60 m. The Hs in most ocean waters has a significant increasing trend of 2–14 cm decade-1 over the last 44 years. The linear trend exhibits great regional differences. Areas with strong increasing trend of Hs are mainly distributed in the westerlies of the southern Hemisphere and the northern Hemisphere. Only some small areas show obvious decreasing in Hs. The long-term trend of Hs in DJF(December, January, February) and MAM(March, April, May) is much more stronger than that in JJA(June, July, August) and SON(September, October, November). The linear trends of the Hs in different areas are different in different seasons; for instance, the increasing trend of Hs in the westerlies of the Pacific Ocean mainly appears in MAM and DJF.
