This article presents a new method to calculate the composition differences （e） for tar g.etin.g the minimum total annualized cost （TAC） of a mass exchange network （MEN）,which is based on the combination of comp...This article presents a new method to calculate the composition differences （e） for tar g.etin.g the minimum total annualized cost （TAC） of a mass exchange network （MEN）,which is based on the combination of composition interval diagram （CID） with mathematical programming.The total cost target consists of the capital cost of the process units and the operating cost for mass separating agents （MS.As）. The value of total cost varies considerablv with the composition differences, so the values of e should be optimized in order to obtain minimum TAC of a MEN. This articleconsiders ε as a set of unequal variables for each equilibrium equation of a rich-lean stream pair, employing them to build the CID and mathematical model, which optimizes the structure and composition differences simultaneously. Two examples are applied to illustrate the proposed method and the results demonstrate that the approach introduced by this article is simpler and more convenient than the methods in previous literatures.展开更多
Cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT） is associated with a favorable outcome only in patients with left bundle branch block （LBBB） pattern and in patients with a QRS duration 〉 150 ms, in patients with non-LBBB...Cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT） is associated with a favorable outcome only in patients with left bundle branch block （LBBB） pattern and in patients with a QRS duration 〉 150 ms, in patients with non-LBBB pattern with a QRS duration of 120-150 ms usually is not beneficial. After adjusting for QRS duration, QRS morphology was no longer a determinant of the clinical response to CRT. In contrast to the mainstream view, we hypothesized that the unfavorable CRT outcome in patients with non-LBBB and a QRS duration of 120-150 ms is not due to the QRS morphology itself, but to less dyssynchrony and unfavorable patient characteristics in this subgroup, such as more ischemic etiology and greater prevalence of male patients compared with patients with LBBB pattern. Further, the current CRT technique is devised to eliminate the dyssynchrony present in patients with LBBB pattern and inappropriate to eliminate the dyssynchrony in patients with non-LBBB pattern. We also hypothesized that electrocardiography may also provide information about the presence of interventricular and left intraventricular dyssynchrony and the approximate location of the latest activated left ventricular （LV） region. To this end, we devised new ECG criteria to estimate interventricular and LV intraventricular dyssynchrony and the approximate location of the latest activated LV region. Our preliminary data demonstrated that the latest activated LV region in patients with nonspecific intraventricular conduction disturbance （NICD） pattern might be at a remote site from that present in patients with LBBB pattern, which might necessitate the invention of a novel CRT technique for patients with NICD pattern. The application of the new interventricular and LV intraventricular dyssynchrony ECG criteria and a potential novel CRT technique might decrease the currently high nonresponder rate in patients with NICD pattern.展开更多
The local characteristics of multi-dimensional modeling method of multivariate copula. A new modeling remedy this defect. Different types of copula distribution random variables are seldom considered in the general me...The local characteristics of multi-dimensional modeling method of multivariate copula. A new modeling remedy this defect. Different types of copula distribution random variables are seldom considered in the general method, called pair-copula construction, is introduced to functions are allowed to be introduced in this method. Correspondingly, the related characteristics of complex multivariate can be described by a cascade of pair-copula acting on two variables at a time. In the analysis of asynchronism-synchronism of regional precipitation in WED inter- basin water transfer areas, the pair-copula construction method is compared with the general modeling method of mul- tivariate copula. The results show that the local dependence structure would exist among hydrologic variables even in three-dimensional cases. In this situation, the general modeling method of multivariate copula would face difficulties in fitting distribution. However, the pair-copula construction method could capture the local information of hydrologic variables efficiently by introducing different types of copula distribution functions. Moreover, the compensation ca- pacity of water resources is strong in different hydrological areas of WED water transfer project. The asynchronous frequency of wetness and dryness is 69.64% and the favorable frequency for water transfer is 46.15%.展开更多
The pyrolysis of n-butane and i-butane at low pressure was investigated from 823-1823 K in an electrically heated flow reactor using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. More than 20 speci...The pyrolysis of n-butane and i-butane at low pressure was investigated from 823-1823 K in an electrically heated flow reactor using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. More than 20 species, especially several radicals and isomers, were detected and identified from the measurements of photoionization efficiency （PIE） spectra. Based on the mass spectrometric analysis, the characteristics of n-butane and i-butane pyrolysis were discussed, which provided experimental evidences for the discussion of decomposition pathways of butane isomers. It is concluded that the isomeric structures of n-butane and i-butane have strong influence on their main decomposition pathways, and lead to dramatic differences in their mass spectra and PIE spectra such as the different dominant products and isomeric structures of butene products. Furthermore, compared with n-butane,i-butane can produce strong signals of benzene at low temperature in its pyrolysis due to the enhanced formation of benzene precursors like propargyl and C4 species, which provides experimental clues to explain the higher sooting tendencies of iso-alkanes than n-alkanes.展开更多
This study investigated the factors affecting the English language learning of students in SL （synchronous） and ASL （asynchronous） e-learning. The subjects were 102 undergraduate students at Bang Khen and Kamphaen...This study investigated the factors affecting the English language learning of students in SL （synchronous） and ASL （asynchronous） e-learning. The subjects were 102 undergraduate students at Bang Khen and Kamphaengsaen Campus, Kasetsart University. Before the experiment, the subjects answered an online questionnaire adopted from Reid （1998） to measure their perceptual learning style preferences. Then, they were grouped according to their English grades and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. Each group was given learning tasks requiring different cognitive strategies. The two groups received two treatments with SL and ASL simultaneously. After each treatment, both groups were tested. They were given a questionnaire at the end of the treatments to retrieve their opinions, Data from both tests were analyzed using 2 ~ 2 factorial ANOVA repeated measures. The results showed no significant difference between the two tasks and no interaction effect among types of tasks and SL and ASL. However, a significant difference was found between SL and ASL. The results of the survey showed that the subjects preferred ASL which was in contrast to the results from statistical analyses. The learning style preferences of the two experiment groups were not different; therefore, they were not the factors in the analysis展开更多
X-ray fluorescence scanning with synchrotron radiation was performed to study sediment core records of floods in Amur Bay,Sea of Japan.Interlayers of 3–8 mm with abnormally low bromine content were formed by the Razd...X-ray fluorescence scanning with synchrotron radiation was performed to study sediment core records of floods in Amur Bay,Sea of Japan.Interlayers of 3–8 mm with abnormally low bromine content were formed by the Razdolnaya River discharge to the central part of the bay during extreme floods,accompanied by severe storms at sea.Such conditions in the region are typical for periods of deep tropical cyclones(typhoons),to which the distinguished interlayers were compared on the timescale.This approach was made possible thanks to the high rate of sedimentation in the bay(3–5 mm/a) and low bioturbation of sediments under anoxic conditions.展开更多
Aiming at the problem that the traditional control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)for electric vehicles has low control performance,a novel adaptive non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control...Aiming at the problem that the traditional control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)for electric vehicles has low control performance,a novel adaptive non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control(ANFTSMC)model predictive torque control(MPTC)strategy is proposed.A new adaptive exponential approach rate is designed,and the traditional switching function sgn()is replaced by the hyperbolic tangent function tanh().A new ANFTSMC with extended state observer(ESO)is constructed as the speed regulator of the system,and ESO can observe disturbances.This improved method weakens chattering and improves the robustness of the system.To realize sensorless control of the speed control system,an ESO speed observer based on tanh(Fal)is constructed.Compared with the traditional ESO based on Fal function,the observation error is smaller,and the observation accuracy is higher.Finally,aiming at the model predictive torque control strategy used,a new objective function construction method is proposed,which avoids the design of weight coefficient,and the traditional voltage vector selection method is improved and optimized,which reduces the calculation amount of the algorithm.展开更多
According to the different equipment, different system and heterogeneous database have be information ＂isolated island＂ problem, and the data of equipments can be updated in real time on the business node. The paper...According to the different equipment, different system and heterogeneous database have be information ＂isolated island＂ problem, and the data of equipments can be updated in real time on the business node. The paper proposes a program of data synchronization platform based on J2EE （JMS） and XML, and detailed analysis and description of the workflow system, its frame structure and the key technology. Practice shows that this scheme has the advantages of convenient and real-time etc..展开更多
Aiming at solving the problems such as time consuming and application limiting presented in the existing synchronous cooperative spectrum sensing schemes,a triggered asynchronous scheme based on Dempster-Shafer(D-S) t...Aiming at solving the problems such as time consuming and application limiting presented in the existing synchronous cooperative spectrum sensing schemes,a triggered asynchronous scheme based on Dempster-Shafer(D-S) theory was proposed.Sensing asynchronously,each cognitive user calculated the confidence measure functions with double threshold spectrum sensing method.When the useful report was received by the fusion center,a fusion process would be triggered.Then the sensing results were fused together based on D-S theory.The analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve the spectrum sensing efficiency and reduce the calculation amount of the fusion center compared with the existing schemes.展开更多
This paper reported a 25-year-old hospitalized woman complained of recurrent chest tightness and dyspnea for 3 months.The electrocardiogram showed pre-excitation and the echocardiogram showed left ventricular wall con...This paper reported a 25-year-old hospitalized woman complained of recurrent chest tightness and dyspnea for 3 months.The electrocardiogram showed pre-excitation and the echocardiogram showed left ventricular wall contraction reduced diffusely and moved asynchronously.In the systolic period,the regional septum basal segment moved to the right ventricle like an aneurysm.In cardiac magnetic resonance imaging examination,there was no significant myocardial fibrosis.The patient further had an endomyocardial biopsy and pathological examination showed nonspecific changes,only with mild interstitial edema.After an electrophysiological study,the patient was finally diagnosed with pre-excitation cardiomyopathy with a right anteroseptal para-hisian manifest accessory pathway.Radiofrequency catheter ablation was then performed to block the advanced pathway.6 months after ablation,the left ventricular systolic function and synchrony improved significantly,and the symptoms were alleviated.展开更多
Ectopic pregnancy is identified with the widely-applied assisted reproductive technology （ART）. Bilateral ectopic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy which is difficult to be diagnosed at the pre-operation...Ectopic pregnancy is identified with the widely-applied assisted reproductive technology （ART）. Bilateral ectopic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy which is difficult to be diagnosed at the pre-operation stage. In this paper, we presented an unusual case of heterochronic bilateral ectopic pregnancy after stimulated intrauterine insemination （IUI）, where there has been a delay of 22 d between the diagnoses of the two ectopic pregnancies. Literature was reviewed on the occurrence of bilateral ectopic pregnancy during the past four years in the MEDLINE database. We found 16 cases of bilateral ectopic pregnancy reported since 2008, and analyzed the characteristics of those cases of bilateral ectopic pregnancy. We emphasize that ovulation induction and other ARTs may increase the risk of bilateral ectopic pregnancy. Because of the difficulty in identification of bilateral ectopic pregnancy by ultraso- nography, the clinician should be aware that the treatment of one ectopic pregnancy does not preclude the occurrence of a second ectopic pregnancy in the same patient and should pay attention to the intra-operation inspection of both side fallopian tubes in any ectopic pregnancy case.展开更多
This paper proposes an efficient batch secret sharing protocol among n players resilient to t 〈 n/4 players in asynchronous network. The construction of our protocol is along the line of Hirt＇s protocol which works ...This paper proposes an efficient batch secret sharing protocol among n players resilient to t 〈 n/4 players in asynchronous network. The construction of our protocol is along the line of Hirt＇s protocol which works in synchronous model. Compared with the method of using secret share protocol m times to share m secrets, our protocol is quite efficient. The protocol can be used to improve the efficiency of secure multi-party computation （MPC） greatly in asynchronous network.展开更多
文摘This article presents a new method to calculate the composition differences （e） for tar g.etin.g the minimum total annualized cost （TAC） of a mass exchange network （MEN）,which is based on the combination of composition interval diagram （CID） with mathematical programming.The total cost target consists of the capital cost of the process units and the operating cost for mass separating agents （MS.As）. The value of total cost varies considerablv with the composition differences, so the values of e should be optimized in order to obtain minimum TAC of a MEN. This articleconsiders ε as a set of unequal variables for each equilibrium equation of a rich-lean stream pair, employing them to build the CID and mathematical model, which optimizes the structure and composition differences simultaneously. Two examples are applied to illustrate the proposed method and the results demonstrate that the approach introduced by this article is simpler and more convenient than the methods in previous literatures.
文摘Cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT） is associated with a favorable outcome only in patients with left bundle branch block （LBBB） pattern and in patients with a QRS duration 〉 150 ms, in patients with non-LBBB pattern with a QRS duration of 120-150 ms usually is not beneficial. After adjusting for QRS duration, QRS morphology was no longer a determinant of the clinical response to CRT. In contrast to the mainstream view, we hypothesized that the unfavorable CRT outcome in patients with non-LBBB and a QRS duration of 120-150 ms is not due to the QRS morphology itself, but to less dyssynchrony and unfavorable patient characteristics in this subgroup, such as more ischemic etiology and greater prevalence of male patients compared with patients with LBBB pattern. Further, the current CRT technique is devised to eliminate the dyssynchrony present in patients with LBBB pattern and inappropriate to eliminate the dyssynchrony in patients with non-LBBB pattern. We also hypothesized that electrocardiography may also provide information about the presence of interventricular and left intraventricular dyssynchrony and the approximate location of the latest activated left ventricular （LV） region. To this end, we devised new ECG criteria to estimate interventricular and LV intraventricular dyssynchrony and the approximate location of the latest activated LV region. Our preliminary data demonstrated that the latest activated LV region in patients with nonspecific intraventricular conduction disturbance （NICD） pattern might be at a remote site from that present in patients with LBBB pattern, which might necessitate the invention of a novel CRT technique for patients with NICD pattern. The application of the new interventricular and LV intraventricular dyssynchrony ECG criteria and a potential novel CRT technique might decrease the currently high nonresponder rate in patients with NICD pattern.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50979011)
文摘The local characteristics of multi-dimensional modeling method of multivariate copula. A new modeling remedy this defect. Different types of copula distribution random variables are seldom considered in the general method, called pair-copula construction, is introduced to functions are allowed to be introduced in this method. Correspondingly, the related characteristics of complex multivariate can be described by a cascade of pair-copula acting on two variables at a time. In the analysis of asynchronism-synchronism of regional precipitation in WED inter- basin water transfer areas, the pair-copula construction method is compared with the general modeling method of mul- tivariate copula. The results show that the local dependence structure would exist among hydrologic variables even in three-dimensional cases. In this situation, the general modeling method of multivariate copula would face difficulties in fitting distribution. However, the pair-copula construction method could capture the local information of hydrologic variables efficiently by introducing different types of copula distribution functions. Moreover, the compensation ca- pacity of water resources is strong in different hydrological areas of WED water transfer project. The asynchronous frequency of wetness and dryness is 69.64% and the favorable frequency for water transfer is 46.15%.
基金This work is supported by the National. Natural Science Foundation of China （No.51106146, No.51036007, No.U1232127）, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （No.20100480047 and No.201104326）, the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund （No.WK2310000010）, the Anhui Science ＆ Technology Department （No.l1040606Q49）, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The pyrolysis of n-butane and i-butane at low pressure was investigated from 823-1823 K in an electrically heated flow reactor using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. More than 20 species, especially several radicals and isomers, were detected and identified from the measurements of photoionization efficiency （PIE） spectra. Based on the mass spectrometric analysis, the characteristics of n-butane and i-butane pyrolysis were discussed, which provided experimental evidences for the discussion of decomposition pathways of butane isomers. It is concluded that the isomeric structures of n-butane and i-butane have strong influence on their main decomposition pathways, and lead to dramatic differences in their mass spectra and PIE spectra such as the different dominant products and isomeric structures of butene products. Furthermore, compared with n-butane,i-butane can produce strong signals of benzene at low temperature in its pyrolysis due to the enhanced formation of benzene precursors like propargyl and C4 species, which provides experimental clues to explain the higher sooting tendencies of iso-alkanes than n-alkanes.
文摘This study investigated the factors affecting the English language learning of students in SL （synchronous） and ASL （asynchronous） e-learning. The subjects were 102 undergraduate students at Bang Khen and Kamphaengsaen Campus, Kasetsart University. Before the experiment, the subjects answered an online questionnaire adopted from Reid （1998） to measure their perceptual learning style preferences. Then, they were grouped according to their English grades and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. Each group was given learning tasks requiring different cognitive strategies. The two groups received two treatments with SL and ASL simultaneously. After each treatment, both groups were tested. They were given a questionnaire at the end of the treatments to retrieve their opinions, Data from both tests were analyzed using 2 ~ 2 factorial ANOVA repeated measures. The results showed no significant difference between the two tasks and no interaction effect among types of tasks and SL and ASL. However, a significant difference was found between SL and ASL. The results of the survey showed that the subjects preferred ASL which was in contrast to the results from statistical analyses. The learning style preferences of the two experiment groups were not different; therefore, they were not the factors in the analysis
文摘X-ray fluorescence scanning with synchrotron radiation was performed to study sediment core records of floods in Amur Bay,Sea of Japan.Interlayers of 3–8 mm with abnormally low bromine content were formed by the Razdolnaya River discharge to the central part of the bay during extreme floods,accompanied by severe storms at sea.Such conditions in the region are typical for periods of deep tropical cyclones(typhoons),to which the distinguished interlayers were compared on the timescale.This approach was made possible thanks to the high rate of sedimentation in the bay(3–5 mm/a) and low bioturbation of sediments under anoxic conditions.
基金Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61863023)。
文摘Aiming at the problem that the traditional control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)for electric vehicles has low control performance,a novel adaptive non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control(ANFTSMC)model predictive torque control(MPTC)strategy is proposed.A new adaptive exponential approach rate is designed,and the traditional switching function sgn()is replaced by the hyperbolic tangent function tanh().A new ANFTSMC with extended state observer(ESO)is constructed as the speed regulator of the system,and ESO can observe disturbances.This improved method weakens chattering and improves the robustness of the system.To realize sensorless control of the speed control system,an ESO speed observer based on tanh(Fal)is constructed.Compared with the traditional ESO based on Fal function,the observation error is smaller,and the observation accuracy is higher.Finally,aiming at the model predictive torque control strategy used,a new objective function construction method is proposed,which avoids the design of weight coefficient,and the traditional voltage vector selection method is improved and optimized,which reduces the calculation amount of the algorithm.
文摘According to the different equipment, different system and heterogeneous database have be information ＂isolated island＂ problem, and the data of equipments can be updated in real time on the business node. The paper proposes a program of data synchronization platform based on J2EE （JMS） and XML, and detailed analysis and description of the workflow system, its frame structure and the key technology. Practice shows that this scheme has the advantages of convenient and real-time etc..
基金Science and Technology Projects of Xuzhou City,China(No.XX10A001)Jiangsu Provincial National Natural Science Foundation of China(No:BK20130199)
文摘Aiming at solving the problems such as time consuming and application limiting presented in the existing synchronous cooperative spectrum sensing schemes,a triggered asynchronous scheme based on Dempster-Shafer(D-S) theory was proposed.Sensing asynchronously,each cognitive user calculated the confidence measure functions with double threshold spectrum sensing method.When the useful report was received by the fusion center,a fusion process would be triggered.Then the sensing results were fused together based on D-S theory.The analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve the spectrum sensing efficiency and reduce the calculation amount of the fusion center compared with the existing schemes.
文摘This paper reported a 25-year-old hospitalized woman complained of recurrent chest tightness and dyspnea for 3 months.The electrocardiogram showed pre-excitation and the echocardiogram showed left ventricular wall contraction reduced diffusely and moved asynchronously.In the systolic period,the regional septum basal segment moved to the right ventricle like an aneurysm.In cardiac magnetic resonance imaging examination,there was no significant myocardial fibrosis.The patient further had an endomyocardial biopsy and pathological examination showed nonspecific changes,only with mild interstitial edema.After an electrophysiological study,the patient was finally diagnosed with pre-excitation cardiomyopathy with a right anteroseptal para-hisian manifest accessory pathway.Radiofrequency catheter ablation was then performed to block the advanced pathway.6 months after ablation,the left ventricular systolic function and synchrony improved significantly,and the symptoms were alleviated.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2013CB967404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81170310 and 81270664)+1 种基金the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province(No.LR14H040001)the Talent Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2011RCA028),China
文摘Ectopic pregnancy is identified with the widely-applied assisted reproductive technology （ART）. Bilateral ectopic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy which is difficult to be diagnosed at the pre-operation stage. In this paper, we presented an unusual case of heterochronic bilateral ectopic pregnancy after stimulated intrauterine insemination （IUI）, where there has been a delay of 22 d between the diagnoses of the two ectopic pregnancies. Literature was reviewed on the occurrence of bilateral ectopic pregnancy during the past four years in the MEDLINE database. We found 16 cases of bilateral ectopic pregnancy reported since 2008, and analyzed the characteristics of those cases of bilateral ectopic pregnancy. We emphasize that ovulation induction and other ARTs may increase the risk of bilateral ectopic pregnancy. Because of the difficulty in identification of bilateral ectopic pregnancy by ultraso- nography, the clinician should be aware that the treatment of one ectopic pregnancy does not preclude the occurrence of a second ectopic pregnancy in the same patient and should pay attention to the intra-operation inspection of both side fallopian tubes in any ectopic pregnancy case.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60803146)
文摘This paper proposes an efficient batch secret sharing protocol among n players resilient to t 〈 n/4 players in asynchronous network. The construction of our protocol is along the line of Hirt＇s protocol which works in synchronous model. Compared with the method of using secret share protocol m times to share m secrets, our protocol is quite efficient. The protocol can be used to improve the efficiency of secure multi-party computation （MPC） greatly in asynchronous network.
