Objective： Considering the difficulty in classifying some cases with eye trauma by Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology （BETT） in our epidemiological study, we introduce a new classification for epidemiological study ...Objective： Considering the difficulty in classifying some cases with eye trauma by Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology （BETT） in our epidemiological study, we introduce a new classification for epidemiological study of mechanical eye injuries based on BETT. Methods： A retrospective investigation was carried out in 31 hospitals from January 2005 to December 2010. All medical records of inpatients with eye injuries were reviewed. A total of l0 718 patients （11 227 eyes） were diagnosed as mechanical eye injuries. All mechanical eye injuries were tried to be classified using BETT. While some eye injuries were difficult to categorize. We recorded the injury type and case number. A new classification based on BETT was also used for the same project. Results： Of 10 718 patients （11 227 eyes） with me- chanical eye injuries, the following cases cannot be classi- fied by BETT： 1 488 patients （1 559 eyes） with merely orbitalor ocular adnexa injury, 1 961 （2 054） globe injuries associ- ated with orbital or ocular adnexa injury, 271 （284） ocular surface foreign body （OSFB） or ocular wall foreign body （OWFB）, 77 （89） contusion, 9 （11） lamellar laceration asso- ciated with OSFB or OWFB, 29 （30） rupture associated with OSFB, OWFB or intraocular foreign body and 60 （62） lace- ration associated with OSFB or OWFB. While according to our new classification, all eye injuries can be categorized without any difficulty. Conclusion： Difficulty in classifying some eye injuries in epidemiological study by BETT brings some trouble to our study, which can be solved by our new eye injury clas- sification to some extent. It is hoped that other ophthal- mologists present better ones to make the classification more perfect.展开更多
Recently, genome wide association studies showed that there is a strong association between abacavir-induced serious, idio- syncratic, adverse drag reactions （ADRs） and human leukocyte antigen-B＊5701 （HLA-B＊5701...Recently, genome wide association studies showed that there is a strong association between abacavir-induced serious, idio- syncratic, adverse drag reactions （ADRs） and human leukocyte antigen-B＊5701 （HLA-B＊5701）. Studies also found that ab- acavir-induced ADRs were seldom observed in patients carrying the HLA-B＊5801 subtype. HLA-B＊5801 of the same sero- type （B17） as B＊5701 differs by only 4 amino acids from B＇5701. It is believed that because of these sequence differences, HLA-B＊5801 cannot bind the specific peptides which are required for HLA-B＊5701 to stimulate the T cell immune response. Thus, the difference in peptide binding profiles between HLA-B＊5701 and B＊5801 is an important clue for exploring the mechanisms of abacavir-induced ADRs. VHSE （principal component score vector of hydrophobic, steric, and electronic prop- erties）, a set of amino acid structural descriptors, was employed to establish QSAR models of peptide-binding affinities of HLA-B＊5701 and B＊5801. Optimal linear SVM （support vector machine） models with high predictive capabilities were ob- tained for both B＊5701 and B＇5801. The R2 （coefficient of determination）, Q2 （cross-validated R：）, and RpRE2 （R2 of test set） of two optimal models were 0,7530, 0.7037, 0.6153 （B＇5701） and 0.6074, 0.5966, 0.5762 （B＊5801）, respectively. For B＇5701 and B＇5801, the mutations in positions 45 （MET-THR） and 46 （ALA-GLU） have little influence on the selection specificity of the P2 position of the bound peptide. However, the mutation in position 97 （VAL-ARG） greatly influences the selection speci- ficity of the P7 position. HLA-B＊5701 prefers the bulky and positively charged amino acids at the P7 position. In contrast, HLA-B＊5801 prefers the non-polar hydrophobic amino acids at the P7 position while positively charged amino acids are un- favored.展开更多
文摘Objective： Considering the difficulty in classifying some cases with eye trauma by Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology （BETT） in our epidemiological study, we introduce a new classification for epidemiological study of mechanical eye injuries based on BETT. Methods： A retrospective investigation was carried out in 31 hospitals from January 2005 to December 2010. All medical records of inpatients with eye injuries were reviewed. A total of l0 718 patients （11 227 eyes） were diagnosed as mechanical eye injuries. All mechanical eye injuries were tried to be classified using BETT. While some eye injuries were difficult to categorize. We recorded the injury type and case number. A new classification based on BETT was also used for the same project. Results： Of 10 718 patients （11 227 eyes） with me- chanical eye injuries, the following cases cannot be classi- fied by BETT： 1 488 patients （1 559 eyes） with merely orbitalor ocular adnexa injury, 1 961 （2 054） globe injuries associ- ated with orbital or ocular adnexa injury, 271 （284） ocular surface foreign body （OSFB） or ocular wall foreign body （OWFB）, 77 （89） contusion, 9 （11） lamellar laceration asso- ciated with OSFB or OWFB, 29 （30） rupture associated with OSFB, OWFB or intraocular foreign body and 60 （62） lace- ration associated with OSFB or OWFB. While according to our new classification, all eye injuries can be categorized without any difficulty. Conclusion： Difficulty in classifying some eye injuries in epidemiological study by BETT brings some trouble to our study, which can be solved by our new eye injury clas- sification to some extent. It is hoped that other ophthal- mologists present better ones to make the classification more perfect.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61073135)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No. CSTC, 2009BA5068)
文摘Recently, genome wide association studies showed that there is a strong association between abacavir-induced serious, idio- syncratic, adverse drag reactions （ADRs） and human leukocyte antigen-B＊5701 （HLA-B＊5701）. Studies also found that ab- acavir-induced ADRs were seldom observed in patients carrying the HLA-B＊5801 subtype. HLA-B＊5801 of the same sero- type （B17） as B＊5701 differs by only 4 amino acids from B＇5701. It is believed that because of these sequence differences, HLA-B＊5801 cannot bind the specific peptides which are required for HLA-B＊5701 to stimulate the T cell immune response. Thus, the difference in peptide binding profiles between HLA-B＊5701 and B＊5801 is an important clue for exploring the mechanisms of abacavir-induced ADRs. VHSE （principal component score vector of hydrophobic, steric, and electronic prop- erties）, a set of amino acid structural descriptors, was employed to establish QSAR models of peptide-binding affinities of HLA-B＊5701 and B＊5801. Optimal linear SVM （support vector machine） models with high predictive capabilities were ob- tained for both B＊5701 and B＇5801. The R2 （coefficient of determination）, Q2 （cross-validated R：）, and RpRE2 （R2 of test set） of two optimal models were 0,7530, 0.7037, 0.6153 （B＇5701） and 0.6074, 0.5966, 0.5762 （B＊5801）, respectively. For B＇5701 and B＇5801, the mutations in positions 45 （MET-THR） and 46 （ALA-GLU） have little influence on the selection specificity of the P2 position of the bound peptide. However, the mutation in position 97 （VAL-ARG） greatly influences the selection speci- ficity of the P7 position. HLA-B＊5701 prefers the bulky and positively charged amino acids at the P7 position. In contrast, HLA-B＊5801 prefers the non-polar hydrophobic amino acids at the P7 position while positively charged amino acids are un- favored.
