Saffron is the most precious and expensive agricultural product. A dehydration treatment is necessary to convert Crocus sativus L. stigmas into saffron spice. To the best of our knowledge, no information on mass trans...Saffron is the most precious and expensive agricultural product. A dehydration treatment is necessary to convert Crocus sativus L. stigmas into saffron spice. To the best of our knowledge, no information on mass transfer parameters of saffron stigmas is available in the literature. This study aimed at investigating the moisture transfer parameters and quality attributes of saffron stigmas under infrared treatment at different temperatures(60,70, …, 110 °C). It was observed that the dehydration process of the samples occurred in a short accelerating rate period at the start followed by a falling rate period. The effective moisture diffusivity and convective mass transfer coefficient were determined by using the Dincer and Dost model. The diffusivity values varied from1.1103 × 10^(-10)m^2·s^(-1)to 4.1397 × 10^(-10)m^2·s^(-1) and mass transfer coefficient varied in the range of 2.6433 × 10^(-7)–8.7203 × 10^(-7)m·s^(-1). The activation energy was obtained to be 27.86 k J·mol^(-1). The quality assessment results showed that the total crocin content increased, when the temperature increased up to90 °C but, in higher temperatures, the amount of crocin decreased slightly. The total safranal content of the samples decreased slightly when drying temperature increased from 60 °C to 70 °C and then continuously increased up to 110 °C. Also, the amount of picrocrocin increased from 83.1 to 93.3 as the drying temperature increased from 60 °C to 100 °C.展开更多
Objective:To explore a proper acupuncture treatment protocol for dry eye syndrome(DES),by comparing the therapeutic effects between ordinary acupuncture and electroacupuncture(EA).Methods:Forty-seven eligible subjects...Objective:To explore a proper acupuncture treatment protocol for dry eye syndrome(DES),by comparing the therapeutic effects between ordinary acupuncture and electroacupuncture(EA).Methods:Forty-seven eligible subjects with DES were randomized into an acupuncture group(n=23)and an EA group(n=24).With the same acupoint formula,the acupuncture group was treated with ordinary acupuncture,and the EA group was treated with ordinary acupuncture plus electrical stimulation.After a treatment course,eye symptom score,Schirmer I test(SIT),Break-up Time(BUT)of tear film,Corneal Fluorescein Staining(CFS),and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)were adopted in evaluation and comparison of the two groups.Results:The total effective rate was 79.2%in the EA group versus 56.5%in the acupuncture group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,both groups had marked improvements in eye symptom score,SIT,BUT,CFS,and VAS values(P<0.001);the EA group was better than acupuncture group in improving eye symptom score and SIT value(both P<0.05);the differences were insignificant in comparing VAS,BUT and CFS results between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Both EA and ordinary acupuncture are effective in treating DES,but EA is better than ordinary acupuncture in improving eye symptom and SIT score.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical effect of combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal fumigation for dry eye syndrome(DES).Methods:A total of 90 DES cases(180 eyes)were randomized into a treatment group of 44 cases a...Objective:To observe the clinical effect of combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal fumigation for dry eye syndrome(DES).Methods:A total of 90 DES cases(180 eyes)were randomized into a treatment group of 44 cases and a control group of 46 cases.Combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal atomizer fumigation was used in the treatment group,whereas Sodium Hyaluronate eye drops was used in the control group.The subjective symptoms,Schirmer I Test(SIT)and Break-up Time(BUT)of tear film were observed before and after treatment.Results:The total effective rate in the treatment group was 78.4%,versus 12.0%in the control group,showing a statistical difference(P<0.01).After treatment,there were between-group statistical differences in SIT and subjective symptom grades(P<0.05,P<0.01).However,there was no between-group statistical difference in BUT grade(P<0.05).Conclusion:Combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal atomizer fumigation can help alleviate DES symptoms.展开更多
干燥眼睛症候群(DES ) 是通常遇到的眼科的疾病，与相对高的发生，并且期望一个有效治疗方法。没有引起一处损伤，针灸艾灸治疗支持眼泪的腺的眼泪生产，并且因此在对待 DES 有一个大优点。通过文学分析，这篇文章在对待 DES 在期间在...干燥眼睛症候群(DES ) 是通常遇到的眼科的疾病，与相对高的发生，并且期望一个有效治疗方法。没有引起一处损伤，针灸艾灸治疗支持眼泪的腺的眼泪生产，并且因此在对待 DES 有一个大优点。通过文学分析，这篇文章在对待 DES 在期间在针灸艾灸的临床的实践和机制总结了研究进步最近 10 年，为为 DES 为针灸艾灸的应用程序提供珍贵引用。展开更多
文摘Saffron is the most precious and expensive agricultural product. A dehydration treatment is necessary to convert Crocus sativus L. stigmas into saffron spice. To the best of our knowledge, no information on mass transfer parameters of saffron stigmas is available in the literature. This study aimed at investigating the moisture transfer parameters and quality attributes of saffron stigmas under infrared treatment at different temperatures(60,70, …, 110 °C). It was observed that the dehydration process of the samples occurred in a short accelerating rate period at the start followed by a falling rate period. The effective moisture diffusivity and convective mass transfer coefficient were determined by using the Dincer and Dost model. The diffusivity values varied from1.1103 × 10^(-10)m^2·s^(-1)to 4.1397 × 10^(-10)m^2·s^(-1) and mass transfer coefficient varied in the range of 2.6433 × 10^(-7)–8.7203 × 10^(-7)m·s^(-1). The activation energy was obtained to be 27.86 k J·mol^(-1). The quality assessment results showed that the total crocin content increased, when the temperature increased up to90 °C but, in higher temperatures, the amount of crocin decreased slightly. The total safranal content of the samples decreased slightly when drying temperature increased from 60 °C to 70 °C and then continuously increased up to 110 °C. Also, the amount of picrocrocin increased from 83.1 to 93.3 as the drying temperature increased from 60 °C to 100 °C.
基金supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(S30304)
文摘Objective:To explore a proper acupuncture treatment protocol for dry eye syndrome(DES),by comparing the therapeutic effects between ordinary acupuncture and electroacupuncture(EA).Methods:Forty-seven eligible subjects with DES were randomized into an acupuncture group(n=23)and an EA group(n=24).With the same acupoint formula,the acupuncture group was treated with ordinary acupuncture,and the EA group was treated with ordinary acupuncture plus electrical stimulation.After a treatment course,eye symptom score,Schirmer I test(SIT),Break-up Time(BUT)of tear film,Corneal Fluorescein Staining(CFS),and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)were adopted in evaluation and comparison of the two groups.Results:The total effective rate was 79.2%in the EA group versus 56.5%in the acupuncture group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,both groups had marked improvements in eye symptom score,SIT,BUT,CFS,and VAS values(P<0.001);the EA group was better than acupuncture group in improving eye symptom score and SIT value(both P<0.05);the differences were insignificant in comparing VAS,BUT and CFS results between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Both EA and ordinary acupuncture are effective in treating DES,but EA is better than ordinary acupuncture in improving eye symptom and SIT score.
基金supported by Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical effect of combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal fumigation for dry eye syndrome(DES).Methods:A total of 90 DES cases(180 eyes)were randomized into a treatment group of 44 cases and a control group of 46 cases.Combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal atomizer fumigation was used in the treatment group,whereas Sodium Hyaluronate eye drops was used in the control group.The subjective symptoms,Schirmer I Test(SIT)and Break-up Time(BUT)of tear film were observed before and after treatment.Results:The total effective rate in the treatment group was 78.4%,versus 12.0%in the control group,showing a statistical difference(P<0.01).After treatment,there were between-group statistical differences in SIT and subjective symptom grades(P<0.05,P<0.01).However,there was no between-group statistical difference in BUT grade(P<0.05).Conclusion:Combined acupuncture and Chinese medicinal atomizer fumigation can help alleviate DES symptoms.
文摘干燥眼睛症候群(DES ) 是通常遇到的眼科的疾病，与相对高的发生，并且期望一个有效治疗方法。没有引起一处损伤，针灸艾灸治疗支持眼泪的腺的眼泪生产，并且因此在对待 DES 有一个大优点。通过文学分析，这篇文章在对待 DES 在期间在针灸艾灸的临床的实践和机制总结了研究进步最近 10 年，为为 DES 为针灸艾灸的应用程序提供珍贵引用。
