农民权益保护的民间非讼机制研究

社会主义和谐社会的构建和社会主义新农村建设的关键在于农民权益的保护问题。长期以来我国农民权益得不到充分有效保护的根源就在于法律制度上的缺位。文章从传统文化、多元化的价值理念、非讼机制与民间纠纷的契合性以及和谐观念等四重维度视阈,具体考量与剖析我国民间非讼机制对农民权益保护的正当性、合理性与现实性。并从立法保障、主体制度、权利配置、人格培养等多维角度进行完善,力求为农民权益保护提供思路。

Theoretical Calculations of Transition Probabilities and Oscillator Strengths for Sc（Ⅲ） and Y（Ⅲ）

The Weakest Bound Electron Potential Model theory is used to calculate transition probability-values and oscillator strength-values for individual lines of Sc（Ⅲ） and Y（Ⅲ）. In this method, by solving the SchrSdinger equation of the weakest bound electron, the expressions of energy eigenvalue and the radial function can be obtained. And a coupled equation is used to determine the parameters which are needed in the calculations. The ob- tained results of Sc（III） from this work agree very well with the accepted values taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technoligy （NIST） data base, most deviations are within the accepted level. For Y（Ⅲ） there are no accepted values reported by the NIST data base. So we compared our results of Y（Ⅲ） with other theoretical results, good agreement is also obtained.

Decentralisation： New Values and New Rights

The aim of this paper is to challenge the traditional or standard view of the current processes of decentralisation within institutions and administrations, in order to reconstruct the dynamic of such processes in terms of new values and new rights. Therefore, this paper censures the ＂reductionist＂ vision of decentralisation that envisages it merely as an administrative and institutional event and, in contrast, develops a concept of decentralisation as a social, political, and legal process linked to new constitutional values and new fundamental rights, whereby, it might be included within the sphere of a general theory of rights and take on an important role within this area. This work vindicates the idea that contemporary decentralization must form a part of the historical processes of the generalisation and specification of rights where in the goal is the fulfilment of the following maxim： rights for all and not merely for a few. To achieve this goal, decentralisation can incorporate the instrument of ＂positive discrimination＂ as a ＂strategy for equality＂, which can employ to create ＂specific rights＂ aims primarily at the members of the most vulnerable groups.

论劳动立法的理论根基

弱势地位理论作为劳动立法理论根基的局限性越来越突出，无论在内容、价值还是目标上，该理论都面临范式性的危机，劳动立法难以继续以此为根本。对此，调和论逐渐兴起，该理论主张增加劳动制度的弹性，却抽去了劳动的历史向度；主张社会结构的稳定，却祛除了价值评判。这种理论实质上乃是共时性结构主义下的功能论，用无历史性的公式取代具有历史性的价值，会造成人们意识历史连续性的萎缩，这是不能作为劳动立法的理论根基的。面对这种局面，应当以维护、促进劳动者的主体性实践为目标构建劳动立法。在构造的框架上要脱离市民社会范畴，树立区别于民法的社会法架构；在构造的对象上要突出劳动的共性，实现劳动对资本的主宰；在构造的方式上要维护劳动者实质的意志自由，克服劳动对人的异化。

刑法学研究的五个关系

我国的刑法学难以适应社会发展的迫切需要,当下特别需要处理好以下几个关系:第一,强势理论与弱势理论。刑法学的研究应当从弱势理论着手,而不必以维护强势理论为目的。第二,真问题与假问题。刑法学中的真问题,应当是前提真实与客观存在,具有学术价值与实践意义,并且能够寻找到答案的问题;刑法学应当研究真问题,切忌将假问题当作真问题。第三,前见与偏见。刑法解释只能从前见出发,并且随时准备对前见进行修正,而且必须消除自己的偏见。第四,价值判断与逻辑结论。任何解释者都不能将自己的价值判断当作逻辑结论,也不应随其所好地接受任何价值判断。第五,学术批判与自我反省。刑法学研究主要是一种批判性思考,批判性思考并不只是批判他人的观点,还应包括对自己观点的反省。