含醚键的弱酸型酚醛树脂的合成及其对金属离子的吸附性能

以浓硫酸为缩合催化剂，苯氧乙酸和甲醛为原料，合成了一种分子内含醚键的新型弱酸性酚醛树脂，研究了该树脂对几种重金属离子的吸附性能，并对吸附时间、温度、溶液pH值及浓度等因素对吸附性能的影响作了系统考察。结果表明，该树脂对Cu2+，Ni2+，Pb2+，Zn2+的静态吸附容量均可达到2．0mmol／g以上；其中吸附率可分别达到90％，91％，91．3％和100％。吸附了金属离子的树脂可经5％～10％盐酸再生并回收金属离子。文中还对树脂的吸附机理作了初步探讨。

弱酸型聚合物微球固相萃取填料的制备及水中杀虫剂的测定

本文制备了聚合物基质弱酸型阳离子交换固相萃取填料,以甲基丙烯酸和苯乙烯为原料,二乙烯基苯为交联剂,聚乙烯醇为分散剂,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,采用悬浮聚合法制备了具有亲脂和弱阳离子交换性能的球形固相萃取填料,并对其结构和形貌进行了表征。以该聚合物微球作为填料制备固相萃取小柱,萃取水中联硝氯酚、硫双二氯酚、吡喹酮和丙硫苯咪唑4种杀虫剂,乙腈为洗脱剂,洗脱液采用液相色谱分析。分别考察了样品的p H值和流速、洗脱剂的体积和流速对萃取回收率的影响,确定了最佳固相萃取条件。选择了最佳色谱分析条件。结果表明,该聚合物微球单分散性好,自制固相萃取小柱对水中4种杀虫剂的吸附性能好,与HPLC联用测定结果重现性好,联硝氯酚、硫双二氯酚、吡喹酮和丙硫苯咪唑的最低检测限分别为0.26μg·L-1、0.31μg·L-1、0.42和0.63μg·L-1。

适合海上油田配聚水软化的弱酸型树脂性能研究

针对渤海绥中36-1油田配聚水硬度高、黏度损失大的问题,通过静态与动态试验研究了弱酸薄壳型离子交换树脂BHS-1的软化性能。结果表明:该树脂耐温可达75℃,最高耐矿化度可达20 000 mg/L,耐铁可以达到5mg/L。在油藏条件下,树脂的泄漏点能保证在7 h以上,具有良好的除钙能力;BHS-1树脂的耐铁性试验结果表明:随着原水中铁离子浓度的增大,泄漏点将会提前。在铁离子达到5 mg/L时,树脂在5 h内产水基本不发生泄漏,且容易再生,不会产生铁污染问题。

弱酸型酚醛树脂对重金属离子的吸附

研究了以苯酚、氯乙酸及甲醛等为原料合成的弱酸型酚醛树脂对重金属离子Ni2+,Cu2+,Zn2+,Pb2+的吸附性能,考察了吸附时间、吸附温度、溶液浓度及pH值对该树脂吸附性能的影响。结果表明,在温度为25℃、pH值为4.5的条件下,该树脂对Ni2+,Cu2+,Zn2+,Pb2+的吸附容量可达到2.4×10-3mol/g,去除率均可达到97.5%以上。吸附了重金属离子的树脂可用5%的盐酸再生并回收重金属离子。

弱酸型离子交换树脂脱胶行为的动力学与热力学研究

对弱酸型离子交换树脂的油脂脱胶进行了实验,并探讨了其吸附动力学和热力学行为,通过对比拟合不同温度下Langmuir和Freundlich方程,发现Freundlich方程可以较好地描述实验条件下树脂对磷脂的吸附行为,40℃下的方程为y=2.028 1x+0.391 4,回归系数R2=0.950 4,50℃下的方程为y=1.816 5x+0.405 4,回归系数R2=0.940 7,并推测出吸附过程中ΔH>0,ΔG>0,ΔS>0,表明实验条件下树脂脱胶是微量吸热的过程,磷脂在树脂上发生的是复杂的多层吸附。

弱酸型阳离子色谱柱的制备与应用

采用马来酸酐接枝硅胶的方法制备弱酸性阳离子色谱柱填料。实验证明,该填料制备的色谱柱具有良好的色谱分离性能,可同时分离一、二价金属阳离子,对于常规7种阳离子有很好的分离能力,可应用于离子色谱阳离子分析。用于检测自来水、透析液等实际样品取得了良好的效果。

适合海上油田配聚水软化的弱酸型树脂性能研究

针对渤海绥中36．1油田配聚水硬度高、黏度损失大的问题，通过静态与动态试验研究了弱酸薄壳型离子交换树脂BHS．1的软化性能。结果表明：该树脂耐温可达75℃，最高耐矿化度可达20000mg／L，耐铁可以达到5mg／L。

强碱弱酸两性树脂吸附电解质机理

本文通过电位滴定曲线及静态吸附法等测定强碱弱酸型两性树脂在不同ｐＨ及不同盐浓度的条件下吸附电解质机理．主要结果是ｐＨ≤２时，以离子交换为主，ｐＨ２→７时由于内盐键破裂而等当量吸附阴、阳离子作用逐步增强，ｐＨ≥７时则以内盐键破裂而吸附离子为主，在有多种反离子存在时则同时发生离子交换作用，在这种ｐＨ范围的离子选择性显著大于在ｐＨ７以下范围。本文还就吸附机理如何指导生产应用作了探讨．

连续电镀锌镍合金的研究

提出了一种高氯化铵弱酸型镀液体系连续电镀锌镍合金工艺。研究了m(Ni2 +) /[m(Ni2 +) +m(Zn2 +) ]、氯化铵浓度、电流密度、温度、pH值对镀层镍含量的影响 ,推导出连续镀的镀速计算公式。采用此工艺可获得外观良好、镍含量在1 3%～ 1

Response surface methodology for optimizing adsorption performance of gel-type weak acid resin for Eu(Ⅲ)

The conditions relating to enhanced adsorption procedure of earth element europium（Eu） onto gel-type weak acid resin（110-H） in aqueous solution were optimized by means of the response surface methodology（RSM）, which proved that 110-H owned satisfactory adsorption capacity（346.85 mg/g） in optimum conditions, belonging to one of the high adsorption capacity materials. Then, the adsorption and desorption behaviors were investigated by batch studies. The adsorption performance showed high agreement with the Lagergren-first-order model and Langmuir isotherm with thermodynamic adsorption parameters of ΔH= 36.1 k J/mol and ΔS=200 J/（mol·K）. Desorption study revealed that 110-H could be effectively eluted by a low concentration of HCl solution（0.1 mol/L） to regenerate and reuse. Finally, the 110-H and Eu（III） loaded 110-H were characterized by IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope（SEM） to analyze the mechanism of adsorption, which proved to be chemisorbed.

几组有着“亲缘”关系的图像题分析

对近几年各省高考试题中有关弱酸（碱）型体分布图、离子浓度关系图试题进行分析比较,揭示了此类试题的＂形似＂与＂神似＂,还原了命题者针对相同重复考点追求不同新颖情境的命题思路.

Adsorption of Pb^(2+) on macroporous weak acid adsorbent resin from aqueous solutions: Batch and column studies

The adsorption properties of a novel macroporous weak acid resin （D152） for Pb^2＋ were investigated with chemical methods. The optimal adsorption condition of D152 resin for Pb^2＋ is at pH 6.00 in HAc-NaAc medium. The statically saturated adsorption capacity is 527 mg/g at 298 K. Pb^2＋ adsorbed on D152 resin can be eluted with 0.05 mol/L HCI quantitatively. The adsorption rate constants determined under various temperatures are k288 n=2.22×10-5 s^-1, k298 K=2.51 × 10^-5 s^-1, and k308 K= 2.95 × 10^-5 s^-1, respectively. The apparent activation energy, Ea is 10.5 kJ/mol, and the adsorption parameters of thermodynamics are ΔH^Θ=13.3 kJ/mol, ΔS^Θ=119 J/（mol·K）, and ΔG^Θ298 K =-22.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption behavior of D152 resin for Pb^2＋ follows Langmuir model.

对竞赛、高考新热点——弱酸(碱)型体分布图的思考

对近几年浙江省和江苏省化学竞赛及高考试题中有关弱酸（碱）型体分布图试题进行深入的分析，并提出一些自己的见解，以供广大教师和学生参考。

Adsorption of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid/sulfuric acid/sulfurous acid from aqueous solution by iron-impregnated weakly basic resin：Equilibrium and model

Commercial grade weakly basic resin D301 was impregnated with iron through a simple method using ferric chloride. Experiments for single, bisolute and trinary competitive adsorption were carried out to investigate the adsorption behavior of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid(NSA), sulfuric acid and sulfurous acid from their solution at 298 K onto the novel hybrid iron impregnated D301(Fe-D301). Adsorption affinity of NSA on Fe-D301 was found to be much higher than that of sulfuric acid, while adsorption affinity of sulfuric acid was slightly higher than that of sulfurous acid. The data of single-solute adsorption were fitted to the Langmuir model and the Freundlich adsorption model. The non-ideal competitive adsorbed model coupled with the single-solute adsorption models were used to predict the bisolute and trinary-solute competitive adsorption equilibria. The NICM coupled with the Langmuir model yields the favorable representation of the bisolute and trinary-solute competitive adsorption behavior.

含氮杂环两性树脂的制备及其对丁二酸的分离性能

为了探讨带有羟基及含氮杂环两性树脂绿色分离丁二酸(SA)的性能,设计制备了4-乙烯基吡啶、丙烯酸甲酯及乙酸乙烯酯共聚的弱酸弱碱型4-VMVH树脂,研究了树脂的理化性质、分离丁二酸的性能及其作用机制。结果表明,4-VMVH型树脂内有较多的介孔和微孔,大孔较少;树脂吸附SA为放热反应,符合Freundlich模型;树脂表面能量为非均匀性,且随着SA负载量的增加,树脂表面的?H值减小;部分4-VMVH树脂骨架上酸碱的总交换容量和羟基含量高于2-VMVH树脂。以热水为洗脱剂,4-VMVH01树脂层高径比为15/1时,SA和乙酸(AcOH)的分离度为0.92,SA回收率达到了84.67%,树脂的复用性能稳定。含氮杂环上N与SA羧基上H的作用能大于其与AcOH羧基上H的作用能,羟基上O与SA和Ac OH羧基上H的作用能分别为-26.531和-25.094 kJ/mol,属于氢键吸附范畴,4-VMVH型树脂对SA的吸附作用力强于AcOH。