自制藏刃弧形刀针治疗弹响指

应用自制藏刃弧形刀针治疗弹响指４６例（５２指），均一次治愈，成功率１００％。认为本法操作简便，损伤小，成功率高。

论汉代“官非其人”现象的指摘与纠治

汉代选官制度有显著的历史性进步。察举制"贤良文学"之选兼重德才,又有实习实践的要求,官吏队伍的成分于是得以更新,行政机构也提高了执政效能和管理质量。然而官僚机构仍普遍存在"官非其人"的情形,在这种背景下,对所有官员的监察、考校,对不法官员的举劾、弹治,遂成为逐步确定的制度。"举非其人,并正举主之罪"是运用察举方式选官发生"官非其人"现象的责任追究政策。除了议政者对于"吏职多非其人"情形的直接指摘之外,社会舆论的监督方式也有一定的积极效用。民谣的吏治批判与"月旦评"等官员品评机制的运行,都有值得珍视的历史借鉴意义。

输煤系统带式输送机粉尘治理

针对输煤系统带式输送机存在粉尘浓度较高、环境恶劣的现状,分析输送机运行时头部、尾部、中部以及启动时的粉尘主要来源,采取多项治理措施。

Control Effect of Bio-guide Wasp Virus Missile on Ostrinia furnacalis and Its Benefits for Maize Production in Nanchong City

In order to promote ＂green plant protection＂, reduce the administration dosage and residue of pesticides and control cost of environment pollution, and improve maize production, quality and agricultural ecological environment safety. In this study, the control effect and benefit of bio-guide wasp virus missile（BGWVM） on Ostrinia furnacalis in Nanchong City was investigated by using insect light traps and combined method of field investigation and experimental demonstration. According to the results, applying 30-37 pairs of BGWVM per hectare exhibited an average control efficiency of 78.0%, and the control cost was 139.50-172.50 CNY/hm2, which was reduced by 142.50-168.00 CNY/hm^2 compared with conventional chemical control. Average maize yield in BGWVM demonstration plot was 817.8 kg/hm2 higher and improved by 11.0% compared with blank control plot. The output value was improved by 1 799.16 CNY/hm^2 and the revenue increased by 1 941.66-1 967.16CNY/hm2. During 2003-2014, the cumulative demonstration and popularization area of BGWVM technique in Nanchong City had reached 24 507.33 hm^2, and the cumulative yield increment reached 20.042 1 million kg. BGWVM application improved total output value by 44.092 6 million CNY and saved control cost by 3.492 3-4.117 2 million CNY, thus increasing the revenue by 47.584 9-48.209 8 million CNY. BGWVM application reduced 551.41 t of 5% dimehypo GG or 12.87 t of 90%monosultap WP. In addition, BGWVM technique is simple to use, labor-saving and safe for human, animals, environment and crops, with significant economic, ecological and social benefits and without any side effect, which has become an ideal substitute for controlling O. furnacalis and reducing chemical pesticides in organic agriculture industry, modern agriculture industry, production of green and pollution-free agricultural products and IBM prevention and control demonstration gardens.

Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for hepatocellular carcinoma-associated radiofrequency ablation

AIM:To evaluate the potential usefulness of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) images for evaluation of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC)-associated radiofrequency ablation. METHODS:From January 2010 to June 2010,a total of 38 patients with HCC including recurred HCCs after RFA underwent ARFI elastography. The brightness of tumor was checked and the shear wave velocity was measure-d for the-quantification of stiffne-ss. According to theb-rightne-ss,the-tumors we-re-classifie-d as b-righte-r,samecolor and darker compared with adjacent parenchyma. Using the same methods,8 patients with recurred HCCs after RFA state were evaluated about the brightness compared with adjacent RFA ablation area. RESULTS:In the 38 patients with HCCs,20 (52.6%)were brighter than surrounding cirrhotic parenchyma. Another 13 (34.2%) were darker. The others (5 cases,13.2%) were seen as the same color as the adjacent liver parenchyma. Post-RFA lesions were darker than previous tumor and surrounding parenchyma in all 38 cases. However,recurred HCCs were brighter than the treated site in all 8 cases. CONCLUSION:Using ARFI technique is helpful for differential diagnosis in order to detect recurred HCCs more easily in patients with confusing status.

Therapy and Prevention of Postoperative Urosepsis of Ureter Endoscopic Lithotripsy for "Non-infection"

Objective To analyze the risk factors causing postoperative urosepsis in ureter endoscopic lithotripsy without infection preoperatively,in order to make a more effective and safer preventive and therapeutic strategy.Methods From January 2010 to January 2015,5 ureteral calculus patients undergoing ureter endoscopic lithotripsy with holmium laser were retrospectively enrolled in this clinical study.These patients suffered urosepsis postoperatively confirmed by the clinical presentations and laboratory results,while they had no infection in their blood and urine preoperatively.Without delay,5 patients were treated by anti-inflammation and anti-shock.Results The vasopressor drug was stopped gradually after 12-36 hours.The body temperature was recovered to normal in 2 or 3 days,and the blood and urine test results were not abnormal in 7 days.At last,5patients were all cured.Conclusions Stone and operation themselves are potential factors to cause urosepsis after ureter endoscopic lithotripsy.Especially for patients who had not presented infection preoperatively,careful preparation preoperatively,corrective manipulation,low pressure irrigation,drainage and controlling time during operation,and early diagnosis,appropriate treatment postoperatively are the key to cure and prevent urosepsis.

Time-dependent viscoelastic properties along rat small intestine

AIM： To measure the time-dependent （viscoelastic） behavior in the change of the small intestinal opening angle and to test how well the behavior could be described by the Kelvin model for a standard linear solid. METHODS： Segments from the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were harvested from 10 female Wistar rats and the luminal diameter, wall thickness, and opening angle over time （θ（t）） were measured from rings cut from these segments. RESULTS： Morphometric variations were found along the small intestine with an increase in luminal area and a decrease in wall thickness from the duodenum to the ileum. The opening angle obtained after 60 rain was highest in the duodenum （220.8±12.9°）and decreased along the length of the intestine to 143.9±8.9° in the jejunum and 151.4±9.4° in the ileum. The change of opening angle as a function of time, fitted well to the Kelvin model using the equation θ（t）/θo = [1-ηexp （-λt）] after the ring was cut. The computed creep rate λ. did not differ between the segments. Compared to constant calculated from pig aorta and coronary artery, it showed that α agreed well （within 5%）, η was three times larger than that for vascular tissue, and λ ranged ±40% from the value of the pig coronary artery and was a third of the value of pig aorta. CONCLUSION： The change of opening angle over time for all the small intestine segments fits well to the standard linear spring-dashpot model. This viscoelastic constant of the rat small intestine is fairly homogenous along its length. The data obtained from this study add to a base set of biomechanical data on the small intestine and provide a reference state for comparison to other tissues,diseased intestinal tissue or intestinal tissue exposed to drugs or chemicals.

A clinical study of aprotinin blood anesthesia used in the surgery of liver cancer

Objective: To investigate the role of aprotinin blood anesthesia used in hepatotomy. Methods: Patients with liver cancer undergoing hepatotomy were divided into two groups. In experimental group (40 patients) a loading dose with 1112 EPU aprotinin and maintained by 278 EPU/h was used until 2 h after operation. The control group (42 patients) was treated with 0.9% normal saline. The venous blood was withdrew for blood routine, thrombelastography and coagulable test at the time of preinduced, 1 h, 2 h and 4 h following the operation beginning, 6 h and 12 h after operation. The change of TEG and coagulable profile were monitored during the whole surgery. The volume of blood transfusion and hemorrhage between two groups were compared. Results: After the usage of aprotinin, the preoperative hypercoagulability of the experimental group was remitted and the coagulative state was kept relatively stable during the operation. However, hypercoagulability of the control group aggravated following the operation beginning and some of them switched to hypocoagulability. The volumes and rates of hemorrhage and transfusion were smaller in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion: Aprotinin can stabilize the coagulable state, reduce the volumes and rates of hemorrhage and transfusion, and is worth using in the surgery of operations of liver cancer.

An Approach to the Development of Resilient City from the City Governance

The climate change brought disaster impact to a city. Cities are complex and interdependent systems, extremely vulnerable to threats from both natural hazards and terrorism. A city resilience is the capacity of a city to function, so that citizens survive and thrive no matter what stresses or shocks they encounter. The cities need to be built for greater resilience and developed strategies for coping with the future shocks and stresses associated with climate change. This study explores that, from the concepts of city governance, the balanced scorecard correlates with city development in the process of city resilience development and constructs city resilience indicators to evaluate and the balanced scorecard raise the management performance. During the process of building the balanced scorecard, each problem can be faced and solved. To run the balanced scorecard is a continuous job and to become a resilient city coping with good city governance must adjust the balanced scorecard to meet its goals and vision to achieve sustainable development of the city.

Intramedullary nailing of clavicular midshaft fractures in adults using titanium elastic nail

Objective： Studies showed elastic stable intramedullary nailing （ESIN） of displaced midclavicular fractures has excellent outcomes, as well as high complication rates and specific problems. The aim was to discuss ESIN of midshaft clavicular fractures.Methods： Totally 60 eligible patients （aged 18-63 years） were randomized to either ESIN group or non-operative group between January 2007 and May 2008. Clavicular shortening was measured after trauma and osseous consolidation.Radiographic union and complications were assessed. Function analysis including Constant shoulder scores and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand （DASH） scores were performed after a 15-month follow-up.Results： ESIN led to a signifcantly shorter time to union, especially for simple fractures. In ESIN group, all patients got fracture union, of which 5 cases had medial skin irritation and 1 patient needed revision surgery because of implant failure. In the nonoperative group, there were 3 nonunion cases and 2 symptomatic malunions developed requiring corrective osteotomy. At 15 months after intramedullary stabilization, patients in the ESIN group were more satisfied with the appearance of the shoulder and overall outcome, and they benefited a lot from the great improvement of post-traumatic clavicular shortening. Furthermore,DASH scores were lower and Constant scores were significantly higher in contrast to the non-operative group.Conclusion： ESIN is a safe minimally invasive surgical technique with lower complication rate, faster return to daily activities, excellent cosmetic and better functional results,restoration of clavicular length for treating mid-shaft clavicular fractures, resulting in high overall satisfaction, which can be regard as an alternative to plate fixation or nonoperative treatment of mid-shaft clavicular fractures.

Results of titanium elastic nailing in paediatric femoral diaphyseal fractures report of 30 cases

Objective： Fractures of the femur are the most incapacitating fractures. For children aged 6-14 years, there is no clear consensus as to the preferred treatment. The conventional treatment of traction and cast- ing is no longer recommended. We report our experience in titanium elastic nailing for treatment of paediatric femoral diaphyseal fractures. Methods： Thirty patients in the age group of 6-16 years with displaced diaphyseal femoral fractures were sta- bilized with titanium elastic nails. Patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for a minimum period of 1 year. The final results were evaluated using Flynn＇s criteria. Tech- nical difficulties and complications associated with the pro- cedure were also analysed. Results： Overall results were excellent in 20 cases and satisfactory in 10 cases. No patient had poor result. The average hospital stay was 9 days. All the fractures healed with an average time to union of 6.86 weeks. The most com- mon complication encountered was soft tissue irritation at the nail entry site seen in 6 cases. Clinically, lengthening was noticed in 4 cases, while no patient had shortening. Malalignment was seen in only 6 cases. Perioperative diffi- culties encountered were failure of closed reduction seen in 6 cases and corkscrewing of nails in one case. Conclusion： Titanium elastic nails are a relatively easy to use, minimally invasive, physeal-protective implant sys- tem with high rate of good and excellent outcomes in chil- dren aged 6-16 years. Technical pitfalls can be eliminated by adhering to the basic principles.

Hemodynamic performance of coil embolization and stentassisted coil embolization treatments:a numerical comparative study based on subject-specific models of cerebral aneurysms

Hemodynamic characteristics such as blood velocity,blood pressure,flow impingement,wall shear stress and oscillatory shear index are considered to play important roles in the initiation,growth,rupture and recurrence of the cerebral aneurysms.Endovascular therapy is widely implemented to treat the cerebral aneurysms by releasing coils into the aneurysm sac for limiting the blood flow to the sac and stent-assisted coil embolization is adopted to occlude the wide-necked or complex aneurysms.Some researchers believe that stents are not only a mechanical device but may act as a biological system and contribute to vessel wall healing.Hemodynamics simulation helps people understand the effect of hemodynamic characteristics on the recurrence of the coiled aneurysm and it also benefits the interventional planning of neurosurgeons.This study constructed the numerical model for a subject-specific ICA aneurysm treated with stent-assisted coil embolization,which combined the coiled model of the aneurysm with a porous stent placement,and simulated the pulsatile blood flow in these aneurysm models.When a stent was placed across the aneurysm orifice in the coiled aneurysm,the high wall shear stress around the distal aneurysm root was reduced more than that of the coiled aneurysm without a stent.The simulated results point to the conclusion that the stent not only protects the parent artery from occlusion due to extension of coils or thrombosis,but may also reduce the recurrence risk of the stent-assisted coiled aneurysm.