强脉冲X射线辐照Si-SiO_2界面对C-V和I-V特性曲线的影响

利用强脉冲 X射线对 Si-Si O2 界面进行了辐照 ,测量了 C-V曲线和 I-V曲线。实验发现 ,经过强脉冲 X射线对 Si-Si O2 界面进行的辐照 ,使 C-V曲线产生了正向漂移 ,这一点与低剂量率辐射结果不同 ;辐射后 ,感生 I-V曲线产生畸变 ;特别地 ,从 I-V曲线上还反映出强脉冲 X射线辐照的总剂量效应造成电特性参数明显退化 ,最后甚至失效。讨论了强脉冲 X射线辐照对 Si-Si O2 界面产生损伤的机理 。

强脉冲X射线辐照在Si-SiO_2中感生的界面态及退火消除

利用强脉冲 X射线对 Si- Si O2 界面进行了辐照 ,测量了界面态曲线和退火曲线。实验显示 :经过强脉冲 X射线对 Si- Si O2 界面进行的辐照 ,在 Si- Si O2 界面感生出新的界面态 ,感生界面态的增加与辐照剂量成正比 ,并且易出现饱和现象。总结出了感生界面态密度产额 Dit随辐照剂量 D变化的分布式 ,并定性分析了Dit随 D变化的行为。退火实验表明 ;强脉冲 X射线辐照感生出的界面态越多 ,退火时这些界面态就消除得越快。退火过程显示有滞后现象 ,即辐照剂量大的阈电压漂移 ,在退火后恢复的绝对值 ,要小于辐照剂量小的阈电压漂移。导出了阈电压漂移随退火时间变化的关系 ,定性解释了滞后现象。

扭杆弹簧表层残余应力X射线衍射测量

表层残余应力值是影响扭杆弹簧疲劳寿命的重要因素。文中利用X射线应力测量仪对两种不同工序安排下的扭杆弹簧表层残余应力值进行了实验测量。测量结果表明,工序安排对扭杆弹簧的表层残余应力影响较大,当把强扭处理作为扭杆弹簧加工的最后工序时,表层残余应力值偏小,且离散度较小,产品质量更稳定。实验结果为分析表层残余应力与扭杆弹簧疲劳寿命之间关系提供了可靠依据。

强X光辐射场加门光电倍增管实验研究

我们在神光装置打靶现场对加门光电倍增管进行了调试和研究。实验结果表明，光电倍增管的恢复时间是随其饱和深度的增加而增加的。ＸＰ２０４０光电倍增管配上２μｓ的高压脉冲开关可用于液体闪烁探测器在神光装置辐射驱动聚变靶时进行强Ｘ射线辐射场的低产额中子测量。

Synthesis of Diphenyl Carbonate over the Magnetic Catalysts Pd/La_(1-x)Pb_xMnO_3 (x=0.2-0.7)

The magnetic perovskite-supported palladium catalysts Pd/Lal_xPbxMnO3 （x = 0.2-0.7） were prepared and used for the oxidative carbonylation of phenol to diphenyl carbonate. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by the X-ray diffraction （XRD）, surface area measurement BET, vibration sample magnetometer （VSM） and tem- perature-programmed reduction （TPR）. The experimental results demonstrated that the magnetic Pd/La1-xPbxMnO3 （x = 0.4-0.5） obtain relative better catalytic activity. It can be explained by higher concentration of oxygen vacan- cies, larger amount and better mobility of lattice oxygen of their support. Furthermore, these samples possess suffi- cient saturated magnetization. Thus, Pd/La1-xPbxMnO3 （x = 0.4-0.5） may be suitable for operation in the magneti- cally stabilized bed reactor.

Performance of interface between TRC and existing concrete under a chloride dry-wet cycle environment

Textile-reinforced concrete(TRC)is suitable to repair and reinforce concrete structures in harsh environments.The performance of the interface between TRC and existing concrete is an important factor in determining the strengthening effect of TRC.In this paper,a double-sided shear test was performed to investigate the effects of the chloride dry-wet cycles on the average shear strength and slip at the interface between the TRC and existing concrete,also considering the existing concrete strength,bond length,textile layer and short-cut fiber arrangements.In addition,X-ray diffraction(XRD)technology was used to analyze the microscopic matter at the interface in the corrosive environment.The experimental results indicate that the interface performance between TRC and existing concrete would decrease with continued chloride dry-wet cycles.Compared with the specimen with a single layer of textile reinforcement,the specimens with two layers of textile with added PVA or AR-glass short-cut fibers could further improve the properties of the interface between the TRC layer and existing concrete.For the TRC with a single layer of textile,the average shear strength tended to decrease with increasing bond length.In addition,the strength grade of the existing concrete had a minor effect on the interface properties.

Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Ga1-xHoxN （x=0.0 and 0.05） Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Thin Films

Holmium doped GaN diluted magnetic semiconductor thin films have been prepared by thermal evaporation technique and subsequent ammonia annealing. X-ray diffraction mea- surements reveal all peaks belong to the purely hexagonal wurtzite structure. Surface mor- phology and composition analysis were carried out by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy respectively. The room temperature ferromagnetic proper- ties of Gal-xHoxN （x=0.0, 0.05） films were analyzed using vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature. Magnetic measurements showed that the undoped films （i.e. GaN） exhibited diamagnetic behavior, while the Ho-doped （Gao.95Hoo.05N） film exhibited a ferro- magnetic behavior.

钙贝塔石(Calciobetafite)在我国的发现

钙贝塔石发现于四川西昌的霓辉石 -钠铁闪石脉中 ,与之共生的矿物是霓辉石 ,钠铁闪石 ,钠长石 ,铈磷灰石 ,硅钛铈矿 ,沥青铀矿 ,重晶石 ,方解石和彩钼铅矿等。钙贝塔石呈黑色 ,黑褐色 ,具八面体晶形 ,大小为 2 mm～ 8mm ,条痕为黑色或黄褐色 ,油脂到沥青光泽 ,贝壳状断口。摩氏硬度为 6 .0 5～ 6 .4 4 (H v=5 70 .0 8kg/m m2～ 6 89.0 6 kg/mm2 ) ;无解理 ,比重 4 .5 1(扭力天平法测定 ) ,反射率从 4 0 6 nm(13.5 3% )到 6 5 9nm(11.87% )。经计算钙贝塔石的化学式为 :(Ca,Na,U) 2 (Nb,Ti) 2 (O,OH) 7。钙贝塔石的强 X射线 :2 .975(10 .2 2 2 ) ,2 .5 70 (5 .4 0 0 ) ,1.816 (9.4 4 0 ) ,1.5 4 9(8.6 2 2 ) ,1.0 5 0 (6 .84 4 ) ,等轴晶系 ,a=1.0 2 9nm。

Strength prediction of multi-layered copper-based composites fabricated by accumulative roll bonding

This work aims to evaluate the feasibility of the fabrication of nanostructured Cu/Al/Ag multi-layered composites by accumulative roll bonding(ARB),and to analyze the tensile properties and electrical conductivity of the produced composites.A theoretical model using strengthening mechanisms and some structural parameters extracted from X-ray diffraction is also developed to predict the tensile strength of the composites.It was found that by progression of ARB,the experimental and calculated tensile strengths are enhanced,reach a maximum of about 450 and 510 MPa at the fifth cycle of ARB,respectively and then are reduced.The electrical conductivity decreased slightly by increasing the number of ARB cycles at initial ARB cycles,but the decrease was intensified at the final ARB cycles.In conclusion,the merit of ARB to fabricate this type of multi-layered nanocomposites and the accuracy of the developed model to predict tensile strength were realized.

Phase, magnetism and thermal conductivity of glass ceramics from iron ore tailings

In order to develop the applications of ore tailings, the glass ceramics were prepared by using a conventional melting-quenching-sintering process. The phase component, microstructures, magnetic properties and thermal conductivities of the prepared glass ceramics were investigated by using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer and thermophysical properties tester, respectively. The results show that orthorhombic olivine-type phase and triclinic sunstone-type phase formed when the glass was annealed at 700 oC, the concentration of olivine-type and sunstone-type phases decreased, the spinel-type cubic phase occurred and the amount increased when the annealing temperatures increased. The magnetic properties from the cubic spinel ferrites were detected in the glass ceramics, and the related saturation magnetization increased with the annealing temperature increasing. The porous glass ceramics with magnetic property showed much lower thermal conductivity, compared with the non-magnetic porous glass-ceramic and the dense glass-ceramics.

Vacuum preloading combined electroosmotic strengthening of ultra-soft soil

To assess the effectiveness of vacuum preloading combined electroosmotic strengthening of ultra-soft soil and study the mechanism of the process, a comprehensive experimental investigation was performed. A laboratory test cell was designed and applied to evaluate the vacuum preloading combined electroosmosis. Several factors were taken into consideration, including the directions of the electroosmotic current and water induced by vacuum preloading and the replenishment of groundwater from the surrounding area. The results indicate that electroosmosis together with vacuum preloading improve the soil strength greatly, with an increase of approximately 60%, and reduce the water content of the soil on the basis of consolidation of vacuum preloading, howeve~ further settlement is not obvious with only 1.7 mm. The reinforcement effect of vacuum preloading combined electroosmosis is better than that of electroosmosis after vacuum preloading. Elemental analysis using X-ray fluorescence proves that the soil strengthening during electroosmotic period in this work is mainly caused by electroosmosis-induced electrochemical reactions, the concentrations of Al2O3 in the VPCEO region increase by 2.2%, 1.5%, and 0.9% at the anode, the midpoint between the electrodes, and the cathode, respectively.

Long-term Hardening Characteristics of Prestressed Anchorage Grout

Grout plays an important role in the transmission and maintenance of anchoring force,and in the protection of anchorage materials against corrosion.Thus,the hardening characteristics of grout directly affect the anchoring effectivity and long-term reliability.We have excavated a prestressed anchorage which has been in service for 20 years,and have tested the grout which has worked for that long period under complicated geological conditions through strength tests and have analyzed its mineral composition using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that the mineral composition of the 12.5 m segment differs from other segments,and corresponds with poor coagulation characteristics of the 12.5 m segment grout.Analysis shows that unhydrated tricalcium silicate may be the reason for the localized poor coagulation.

Meso-structure and fracture mechanism of mudstone at high temperature

The meso-structure mineral composition and fracture mechanism of uniaxial compressed mudstone samples at high temperature were analyzed by XRD and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of tem- perature on mudstone composition and fracture mechanism were studied from a meso-structural per- spective, and the relationship between meso-structure and macro-mechanical characteristics at high temperature was revealed. The findings demonstrated that the fluctuation in diffraction intensity of kao- linite in the mudstone caused the fluctuation in its mechanical properties. The overall structure under- went a phase change around 600℃, which led to the sudden change in the mechanical properties of mudstone samples. When the temperature reached 600 ℃, the crystalline state worsened and kaolinite disappeared; however, some illite was produced, indicating that the chemical reaction of the structure and sudden drop of bearing capacity of the mudstone. Mudst0ne fracturing at high temperature involves mainly intergranular and transgranular fractures, which are typical in micro-brittle tensile failure. Con- sidering the macro-fracture characteristics of mudstone, the results suggested that macro-fracture under external force corresoonds to the meso-fracture.

Effects of Y on mechanical properties and damping capacity of ZK60 magnesium alloys

The microstructure,mechanical properties and damping capacity of ZK60-xY(x=0,1.5%,2.5%,4.0%,mass fraction) magnesium alloys were investigated by using the optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),universal tensile testing machine and dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA).The mechanisms for damping capacity of referred alloys were discussed by Granato-Lücke theory.The results show that Y additions remarkably reduce grain size(the average grain size is 21.6,13.0,8.6 and 4.0μm,respectively),and the tensile properties are enhanced with grain refining(the yield tensile strength increases to 292 MPa from 210 MPa and ultimate tensile strength increases to 330 MPa from 315 MPa).For the ZK60-xY(x=0,1.5%,4.0%)alloys,the damping capacity decreases with the increase of Y content.However,for the ZK60-xY(x=2.5%)alloy,the damping capacity improves abnormally,which is possibly related to the formation of Mg3Y2Zn3(W)FCC phase in this alloy.

Influence of Hyperon-Hyperon Interaction on Properties of Hadronic Star

The influences of hyperon-hyperon interaction on the overall properties of hadronic star are investigated in the framework of relativistic mean field （RMF） theory. For certain hyperon coupling, the weaker hyperon-hyperon interaction can lead to the heavier hadronic star, which accords with the observation of heavy neutron star in X-ray binaries. We find that the threshold densities of the hyperons with larger masses are brought to a lower values with the increase of the hyperon-hyperon interaction. The possibility of the existence of hyperon star is checked with the consideration of hyperon-hyperon interaction.

One-step synthesis of Pt nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide composite with enhanced electrochemical catalytic activity

A one-step electrochemical approach for synthesis of Pt nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide （Pt/RGO） was demonstrated. Graphene oxide （GO） and chloroplatinic acid were reduced to RGO and Pt nanoparticles （Pt NPs） simultaneously, and Pt/RGO composite was deposited on the fluorine doped SnO2 glass during the electrochemical reduction. The Pt/RGO composite was characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which confirmed the reduction of GO and chloroplatinic acid and the formation of Pt/RGO composite. In comparison with Pt NPs and RGO electrodes obtained by the same method, results of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spec- troscopy measurements showed that the composite electrode had higher catalytic activity and charge transfer rate. In addition, the composite electrode had proved to have better performance in DSSCs than the Pt NPs electrode, which showed the poten- tial application in energy conversion.

Study on the fluorescence quenching of ZnO by graphene oxide

Zinc oxide（ZnO） microrod arrays were synthesized on Si substrate by a vapor phase transport（VPT） method in a tube furnace.The obtained ZnO microrods are characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The photoluminescence（PL） measurement indicates that the ZnO microrods have a strong ultraviolet（UV） emission centered at ~391 nm and a defect-related emission centered at ~530 nm.After the microrods were coated with graphene oxide（GO）,the PL intensity of the hybrid microstructure is quenched compared with that of the bare one at the same excitation condition,and the PL intensity changes with the concentration of the GO.The fluorescence quenching mechanism is also discussed in this work.

Amorphous nonstoichiometric oxides with tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism and electrical transport

Material functionalities strongly depend on the stoichiometry,crystal structure,and homogeneity.Here we demonstrate an approach of amorphous nonstoichiometric inhomogeneous oxides to realize tunable ferromagnetism and electrical transport at room temperature.In order to verify the origin of the ferromagnetism,we employed a series of structural,chemical,and electronic state characterizations.Combined with electron microscopy and transport measurements,synchrotron-based grazing incident wide angle X-ray scattering,soft X-ray absorption and circular dichroism clearly reveal that the roomtemperature ferromagnetism originates from the In0.23Co0.77O1-v,amorphous phase with a large tunable range of oxygen vacancies.The room-temperature ferromagnetism is tunable from a high saturation magnetization of 500 emu cm-3 to below 25 emu cm-3,with the evolving electrical resistivity from5×103μΩ cm to above 2.5×105 μΩ cm.Inhomogeneous nano-crystallization emerges with decreasing oxygen vacancies,driving the system towards non-ferromagnetism and insulating regime.Our work unfolds the novel functionalities of amorphous nonstoichiometric inhomogeneous oxides,which opens up new opportunities for developing spintronic materials with superior magnetic and transport properties.

High-zirconium bulk metallic glasses with high strength and large ductility

In this paper, high-zirconium Zr66＋2xAl9-x（Ni1/3Cu2/3）25-x （x=0,1,2 at.%） bulk metallic glasses with high strength and large duc- tility were fabricated by copper mould casting. The effects of zirconium content on the glass-forming ability （GFA）, thermal properties and mechanical properties were investigated using X-ray diffractometer （XRD）, differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）, and mechanical testing system in compressive and three-point bending modes, respectively. The high-zirconium BMGs show the critical diameters of 3-5 ram, the supercooled liquid region ranging from 70 K to 99 K, and the yield strength of over 1700 MPa. The Zr70Al7（Ni1/3Cu2/3）23 BMG exhibits a large compressive plastic strain up to 21% and a high notch toughness value of 60.6 MPa m1/2. The increase in Zr content results in the decrease in GFA and thermostability, and in the improvement of plasticity under compressive and three-point bending conditions. The superior plasticity of high-zirconium BMGs is at- tributed to their high Poisson＇s ratio and small elastic modulus ratioμl/B.

Magnetic properties and magnetic entropy changes of MRE_2Co_7 compounds

(La0.5Ce0.5)2Co7 and(Ce0.65Pr0.35)2Co7 compounds for magnetic refrigeration were studied by X-ray diffraction, ac susceptibility and isothermal magnetization measurements. X-ray powder diffraction shows that all the compounds have hexagonal Ce2Ni7-type structure. The Curie temperatures(TC) are 258 K and 222 K for(La0.5Ce0.5)2Co7 and(Ce0.65Pr0.35)2Co7 compounds, respectively. High coercivities(HC) of about 1.74 and 6.61 k Oe at 5 K with a smooth demagnetization curves were obtained for the(La0.5Ce0.5)2Co7 and(Ce0.65Pr0.35)2Co7 compounds, respectively. For an applied field change from 0 to 50 k Oe, the maximum(??SM) for(La0.5Ce0.5)2Co7 and(Ce0.65Pr0.35)2Co7 compounds are 0.52 and 0.67 J/(kg K), respectively.