试论《尔雅》经部地位的形成

《汉书·艺文志》著录的西汉目录书《七略》把《尔雅》归入经部 ,作为经部附类 ,这种归类方法成为唐宋时人把《尔雅》收入儒家正经的主要依据。本文主要以汉唐目录为经 ,以社会政治、学术发展为纬 ,探讨汉唐时期《尔雅》入经部的问题。

EVOLUTION OF DYNAMIC GAMES AND BACKWARD INDUCTION

As an efficient method of solving subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium,the backward induction is analyzed from an evolutionary point of view in this paper,replacing a player with a population and turning a game into a population game,which shows that equilibrium of a perfect information game is the unique evolutionarily stable outcome for dynamic models in the limit.

Five-year major clinical outcomes between first-generation ana second- generation drug-eluting stents in acute myocardial infarction patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention

Background There were limited data comparing the major clinical outcomes between first-generation （1G）-drug eluting stentts （DES） and second-generation （2G）-DES in patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI） after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） during very long follow-up periods. We thought to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of 2G-DES compared with 1G-DES in AMI patients during 5-year follow-up periods. Method A total of 1016 eligible AMI patients who underwent PCI with 1G-DES [paclitaxel-, sirolimus-, 1G-zotarolimus-eluting stent （endeavor~ or endeavor sprintS）, n = 554] or 2G-DES [2G-zotarolimus （endeavor resolute~）- or everolimus-eluting stent, n = 462] were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events （MACE） defined as total death, non-fatal myocardial infarction （MI）, target lesion revascularization （TLR）, target vessel revascularization （TVR）, non-target vessel revascularization （Non-TVR） and the secondary endpoint was stem thrombosis （ST） at 5 years. Results Two propensity score-ma- tched （PSM） groups （232 pairs, n = 464, C-statistic = 0.802） were generated. During the 5-year follow-up period, the cumulative incidence of TLR [hazard ratio （HR）： 3.133; 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.539-6.376; P = 0.002], TVR （HR： 3.144; 95% CI： 1.59645.192; P = 0.001） and total revascularization rate （FIR： 1.874; 95% CI： 1.086-3.140; P = 0.023） were significantly higher in 1G-DES compared with 2G-DES after PSM. However, the incidence of total death, non-fatal MI and ST were similar between the two groups. Conclusion In this single-center and all-comers registry, 2G-DES＇s superiorities for TLR, TVP, and total revascularization in AMI patients suggested during 5-year clinical follow-up periods.

Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer among American veterans

AIM:To assess the risk of biliary and pancreatic cancers in a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) .METHODS:Eligibility for this study included patients with type 2 DM(ICD-9 code 250.0) who were discharged from Department of Veteran Affairs hospitals between 1990 and 2000.Non-matched control patients without DM were selected from the same patient treatment files during the same period.Demographic information included age,sex and race.Secondary diagnoses included known risk factors based on their ICD-9 codes.By multivariate logistic regression,the occurrence of biliary and pancreatic cancer was compared between case subjects with DM and controls without DM.RESULTS:A total of 1172496 case and control subjects were analyzed.The mean age for study and control subjects was 65.8 ± 11.3 and 64.8 ± 12.6 years,respectively.The frequency of pancreatic cancer in subjects with DM was increased(0.9%) in comparison to control subjects(0.3%) with an OR of 3.22(95% CI:3.03-3.42) .The incidence of gallbladder andextrahepatic biliary cancers was increased by twofold in diabetic patients when compared to controls.The OR and 95% CI were 2.20(1.56-3.00) and 2.10(1.61-2.53) ,respectively.CONCLUSION:Our study demonstrated that patients with DM have a threefold increased risk for developing pancreatic cancer and a twofold risk for developing biliary cancer.

Rise of the Right and Regression of the Left in Latin America

Though the turn to the right in Latin America will continue over the short term, the left has not diminished and its resurgence remains possible. The political situation in Latin America has undergone dramatic changes since 2015, when an ebbing of the"pink tide"and rise of the right in several countries occurred, coupled with US support to the right.Flexible political strategies and rightists' political pragmatism are occurring as the continent's middle class expands, coupled with US support to the right. Some conditions that promote the right's revival remain operative, but for the new right regimes, addressing economic vitality, the wellbeing of the poor, corruption, and divisions from within are imminent challenges against which a left resurgence has competitive ground.

Interest Rate, Unemployment Rate, and Housing Market in U.S.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among the variables, and how interest rate, unemployment, stock market, and consumer confidence affect housing market index （HM1） in the U.S.. We construct vector autoregression （VAR） model with variables such as unemployment rate （UMR）, consumer confidence index （CCI）, the Dow Jones industrial index （DJI）, and interest rate, etc., to forecast the HMI. Our model and analysis show that U.S. HMI very sensitive to unemployment and interest rates. Every 1% moves in unemployment and interest rates will result in HMI to move in the opposite direction by 11.7% and 11.4% respectively. However, changes in CCI and stock mark index have only minor impacts on HMI--0.49% and 0.3%, changes for 1% fluctuation in CCI and DJI. Our research also shows that relationships among these variables associated with housing market are very stable in the long run.

Impact of Inflation, Dollar Exchange Rate and Interest Rate on Red Meat Production in Turkey： Vector Autoregressive （VAR） Analysis

In this study, impact of inflation （WPI--Wholesale Price Index）, exchange rate, and interest rate on the production of red meat in Turkey was examined using the vector autoregressive （VAR） model. The model consisting of variables of dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, beef, buffalo meat, mutton, and goat meat production amounts has been estimated for the period from 1981 to 2014. It has been detected that there is a tie among the dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, and the amount of red meat production in Turkey. In order to determine the direction of this relation, Granger causality test was conducted. A one-way causal relation has been observed between： the goat meat production and dollar exchange rate; the buffalo meat production and the mutton production; and the beef production and the mutton production. To interpret VAR model, the impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis was used. As a result of variance decomposition, it has been detected that explanatory power of changes in the variance of dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, and interest rate in goat meat production amount is more than explanatory power of changes in the variances of mutton, beef, and buffalo meat variables.

Research on the Trend of Modem Interior Design Education Reform from the Perspectives of Aesthetics and Traditional Regression

In this paper, we conduct research on the trend of modern interior design education reform from the perspectives of aesthetics and traditional regression. Professional interior design technology is to adapt to the needs of economic development of practical talents in the central plains, with the spirit of the ＂seeking truth from facts＂ , pinpoint the target of profession fostering, established the reasonable personnel training mode, trying to explore suitable for the market need of professional personnel training mode and practical teaching methods, architecture art and design professional teaching system in higher vocational colleges. Interior design professional teaching reform goal, the guiding ideology, clear, clearer thinking pay attention to professional skills and professional quality education, skills, for body, quality as the soul. Our research starts from the basic analysis of aesthetics and traditional regression to propose the novel educational paradigm that is innovative.