从《茶经》章节的翻译谈典籍英译中的意形整合

中国茶文化历史悠久。唐代陆羽所著的《茶经》是“意”、“形”具佳的中国茶文化典籍的代表作。《茶经》目录的章节标题言简意赅地挑明了《茶经》各章节的主题内容,成为展现原文形式美与信息丰的重要环节,是展现在译文读者面前的首项表面效度。本文尝试从《茶经》章节标题的翻译着手,探讨如何在译文中整合《茶经》原文本的形与意,在传达原文本的指称意义的同时全方位传达原文本的言内和语用的意义,以达到“意义相符,功能相似”的社会符号学翻译标准,将《茶经》这本负载着丰饶中华文化的经典之作介绍给全世界。

Reflections on the Research Status Quo of CDA in China

Since its birth in Britain in the late 1970s, critical discourse analysis （CDA, for short） has attracted great attention of western linguists. At present, some scholars in our country have devoted themselves to the study of CDA and the study results are rewarding. However, some insufficiencies do exist in the research, such as the over-simplification of theories, excessive attention paid to theories rather than practice and neglect of nurturing critical thinking etc. Therefore, the author proposes to associate CDA with cognitive linguistics and interpret the research methods and the practical values of CDA in a wholly new perspective in terms of the analysis of the cohesion of the cognitive schema, ideology and notions from the information receivers and senders.

An Algorithm for Partitioning Polygons into Convex Parts

An algorithm for partitioning arbitrary simple polygons into a number of convex parts was presented. The concave vertices were determined first, and then they were moved by using the method connecting the concave vertices with the vertices of falling into its region B,so that the primary polygon could be partitioned into two subpolygons. Finally, this method was applied recursively to the subpolygons until all the concave vertices were removed. This algorithm partitions the polygon into O(l) convex parts, its time complexity is max(O(n),O(l 2)) multiplications, where n is the number of vertices of the polygon and l is the number of the concave vertices.

On translatability

The medium for translation is language, which is composed of meaning and form. This paper aims to discuss translatability in the light of meaning and form. It argues that as translation involves only two aspects ＂understanding＂ and ＂expression＂ from the angle of translation process or ＂meaning＂ and ＂form＂ from the angle of expression, the latter sheds light on the controversy about translatability. It is form instead of meaning that obstructs translation, for meaning is mostly translatable or the basic meaning is translatable while form is not wholly translatable or is just untranslatable. Whether form is translatable or not depends on the similarity and difference of the formal features of the source language and the target language.

浅析中国书画美学中的“象”

本文从对"象"在古代书画美学理论中上下文关系的剖析入手,着重指出"象"是一个内涵与外延都十分丰富的词汇,并通过与其密切相关的几个字词的分析尝试划定"象"的能指与所指的界限,从而使读者对于"象"在古代书画美学中的使用及词义的界定有一个宏观的把握。

KPF的一次优雅转身——中国海洋石油公司总部设计

中国海洋石油公司总部是KPF于2006年在北京新完成的一个重要作品,作者从三个角度:基地一策略、形式一意义和空间一透明,对这一作品进行了简单的介绍。

Bounds of Interpolation Error for Arbitrary Narrow Quadrilateral Quasi-Wilson Element

Based on the construction of reference e le ment and bilinear transformation, a quasi-Wilson element for arbitrary narrow q uadrilateral is presented. Using the interpolation Theorem for narrow quadrilate ral isoparametric finite element and related methods, the bounds of interpolatio n error for arbitrary narrow quadrilateral quasi-Wilson element are obtained in case when the condition ρ K/h K≥σ 0】0 is not satisfied, where h K is the diameter of the element K and ρ K is the diameter of an ins cribed circle in K. The interpolation error is O(h2 K) in the L2( K)-norm and O(h K) in the H1(K) -norm provided that the in terpolated function belongs to H2(K).

Phosphorus forms in sediments of the East China Sea and its environmental significance

By means of SEDEX, ASPILA and XRF, depth-dependent changes of different phosphorus forms in sediment cores from specific areas of the offshore Changjiang Estuary (Yangtze Estuary) in 1998 were analyzed. Results show that contents of total phosphorus (TP), organic-phosphorus (OP) and iron-phosphorus (Fe-P) decreased down-core, while those of absorbed-phosphorus (Ad-P) and calcium-phosphorus (Ca-P) increased. The distribution tendency of detritus-phosphorus (De-P) is not obvious. Results also show that TP, Fe-P and OP contents at Meso station of the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay are higher than that of the other stations. This suggests that the pollutants carried by the Changjiang and the Qiantang rivers from inland have affected the natural environment in offshore area. TP, Fe-P and OP contents of each station become higher from bottom to top, indicating the amount of the terrestrial pollutants carried by the two rivers has been enhanced since the last 30-50 years. Ad-P, Ca-P, Fe-P and OP are all active phosphorus in sediments, and their re-cycling in sediment is closely related to each other.

Discourse System and Intercultural Communication

Discourse is the language in use. Discourse system is about the study of whole systems of communication. This article tries to analyze the influences of discourse system on intercultural communication from the points of ideology, socialization, forms of discourse, face systems and context. Studying intercultural communication from the point of discourse system is an innovative and effective research method, which helps to enhance the participants＇ cultural sensitivity and makes the communication continue.

Chinese-to-English Translation of Publicity on Chinese Minority Culture： Discourse Ideology and Translation Strategies

Discourse ideology refers to the position, attitude and guideline employed by a writer or speaker constructing a discourse in relation to the readers/hearers. This paper defines the notion of discourse ideology in the practice of translation, highlights the relationship between discourse ideology and the translator＇s subjectivity, and illustrates the translation strategies appropriate to the context of publicity of Chinese minority culture to the readers outside China. A tentative conclusion is drawn that the top-down approach from discourse ideology to translation strategies and the bottom-up approach from translation strategies to discourse ideology complement with each other in the Chinese-to-English translation of publicity on Chinese minority culture.

Hyper-real Narratives： The Emergence of Contemporary Film Subgenres

The scope of this paper is to investigate a number of emerging contemporary popular subgenres, namely that of ＂mumblecore film＂, the ＂best-worst film＂ and ＂the gonzo documentary＂. Unlike historical cinematic movements, these subgenres are the result of our techocentric culture and commercialism. In this respect these subgenres are less motivated by a collective ideology, but rather a cultural phenomenon resulting from increased access to popular culture, hypermedia devices, social media, and new marketing techniques. This paper investigates the displacement of traditional models of temporality through the metamorphosis of today＇s audiovisual culture, outlining the subject＇s embodiment of voyeurism and exhibitionism, ushering in a hyper-real era of self-myth making and consumption.

Jew-Hatred in the Islamic State Organization＇s （ISIS） Ideology

In October 2015, an ISIS member speaking fluent Hebrew warned that soon there would be no Jews left in Jerusalem or in the rest of the land called ＂Israel＂. The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria （ISIS） will fulfill this mission according this Salafi-Jihadism group. ISIS ideology holds that it is first necessary to fight against the near enemy （the Arab states） but the last apocalyptic battle will be with the Jews （the far enemy）. The purpose of this article is to reveal and present the development of Jew-hatred fi＇om al-Qa＇ida and up to the present doctrine oflSIS.

Effects of die geometry on non-equal channel lateral extrusion(NECLE) of AZ80 magnesium alloy

Non-equal channel lateral extrusion（NECLE） is a new process that can be used to attain higher grain refinement in comparison with equal channel lateral extrusion（ECLE）. The die design for this process was numerically and experimentally studied. After finding a good correlation between the numerical and experimental results, more comprehensive FE analyses were carried out. Different die geometrical parameters were considered and their effects on the induced plastic strain, stress distribution, velocity field and forming load of the process were investigated. It was found that by this process with a suitable set of die geometrical parameters, higher induced effective strain and more homogeneous strain distribution could be achieved in comparison with ECLE operation.

Quadrature Element Vibration Analysis of Arbitrarily Shaped Membranes

The aim of the present study is to develop an efficient weak form quadrature element for free vibration analysis of arbitrarily shaped membranes.The arbitrarily shaped membrane is firstly mapped into a regular domain using blending functions,and the displacement in the element is assumed as the trigonometric functions.Explicit formulations are worked out for nodes of any type and a varying number of nodes.For verifications,results are compared with exact solutions and data obtained by other numerical methods.It is demonstrated that highly accurate frequencies can be obtained with a small number of nodes by present method.

Sport, Democracy, and the Americanization of Italian Americans

More than 4,000,000 immigrants traveled from Italy to the United States between 1880 and 1924. Most were peasants, largely illiterate, and with no sense of an Italian identity as their ancestral home had only been liberated from centuries of foreign rule in 1861. This study utilizes primary and secondary documents, as well as archival sources and interviews to determine the role of sport in the transition to an Italian identity, and then an American identity within the assimilation process. Second generation youth adopted American sport forms, and some became national heroes in contrast to the stereotype of Italian gangsters. By the 1950s Italians had become icons of popular culture, yet negative stereotypes persisted and assimilation remained fragmented.

The ＂Mother Complex＂ of Martha Quest

Human experience can best be understood in the framework of collective social relations. Like any other tie, the mother-daughter relationship is forged not in isolation but informed by cultural, historical, and social values, circumstances, and practices. The twentieth century has witnessed the greatest changes in world history. As an outcome of the noticeable shift in gender ideologies in the last half of that century, modern mothers and daughters struggled to experience a union, a bond, an understanding of themselves and the world around them. Clash of tradition and modernity in ideals and mores can be held accountable for the consequential neurotic development of the psyche in twentieth century mothers and daughters. Doris Lessing＇s writings reflect the way in which these complex changes in society affect family relationships. Her first novel of the Children of Violence series, Martha Quest, is an apt study of a mother and her daughter＇s struggle with their newly defined roles in society. This paper will seek to examine the conflicts that are encountered in the wake of such adjustments by contemporary mothers and daughters. In order to do so, the study will focus on an exploration of the kind of issues that Martha Quest and May Quest experience in Lessing＇s Martha Quest through approaches available in works by Carl Jung on his theory of the ＂mother complex＂.

Design of Arbitrary Waveform Generator Based on Virtual Instrument Technology

A desiga of arbitrary waveform generator using NI PXI- 5412 module （an arbitrary waveform generator） was provided in this paper, based on virtual instrument technology and LabVIEW. The generator can produce standard function waveforms, such as sine, triangle, square wave with adjustable amplitude and frequency. It can also produce arbitrary waveforms of different data files importing by Analog Waveform Geaemtor Software. A heart dectric wavefonn was set as an example of arbitrary waveform generation. It has practical value, because the standard functions and heart electric waveforms generated by the generator can be used in laboratories.

Cancellation for frequency offset in OFDM system based on TF-LMS algorithm

In an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) system,a time and frequency domain least mean square algorithm(TF-LMS) was proposed to cancel the frequency offset(FO).TF-LMS algorithm is composed of two stages.Firstly,time domain least mean square(TD-LMS) scheme was selected to pre-cancel the frequency offset in the time domain,and then the interference induced by residual frequency offset was eliminated by the frequency domain mean square(FD-LMS) scheme in frequency domain.The results of bit error rate(BER) and quadrature phase shift keying(QPSK) constellation figures show that the performance of the proposed suppression algorithm is excellent.

Study on the ideology-influenced translation： Based on Rickshaw boy by Evan King

Translation is not made in a vacuum but is constrained by ideology, and as a result, it is a synthetical product of history, society and culture. With target-text oriented descriptive approach, this paper aims at exploring the influences that ideology has on literary translation. The research focuses on the ideological constraints that shape a literary translation through the case study of Evan King＇s translation of Luotuo Xiangzi- Rickshaw boy.

The Decisive Moment as an Event in Photographic Discourse

We propose using the concept of decisive moment in order to deconstruct the obvious ideological effects found in discourse. The subject is constituted in enunciation, and its polysemic discourse clashes with the transparency of meaning. According to Pêcheux （1988）, the contradictions in discourse simultaneously establish regularity and instability of meanings, leading it to misunderstanding, to the event. Photography destabilizes that which is already formulated and brings out that which is new, the unexpected meaning, the decisive moment. We analyze this process in the picture by Sebastiao Salgado---＂The cradle of inequality lies in the inequality of the cradle＂. （CAPES-BEX 4394/10-0, FAPESP 09/54417-4, CNPq.）