Since its birth in Britain in the late 1970s, critical discourse analysis （CDA, for short） has attracted great attention of western linguists. At present, some scholars in our country have devoted themselves to the ...Since its birth in Britain in the late 1970s, critical discourse analysis （CDA, for short） has attracted great attention of western linguists. At present, some scholars in our country have devoted themselves to the study of CDA and the study results are rewarding. However, some insufficiencies do exist in the research, such as the over-simplification of theories, excessive attention paid to theories rather than practice and neglect of nurturing critical thinking etc. Therefore, the author proposes to associate CDA with cognitive linguistics and interpret the research methods and the practical values of CDA in a wholly new perspective in terms of the analysis of the cohesion of the cognitive schema, ideology and notions from the information receivers and senders.展开更多
In order to reduce knowledge reasoning space and improve knowledge processing efficiency, a framework of distributed attribute reduction in concept lattices is presented. By employing the idea similar to that of the r...In order to reduce knowledge reasoning space and improve knowledge processing efficiency, a framework of distributed attribute reduction in concept lattices is presented. By employing the idea similar to that of the rough set, the characterization of core attributes, dispensable attributes and unnecessary attributes are described from the point of view of local formal contexts and virtual global contexts. A determinant theorem of attribute reduction is derived. Based on these results, an approach for distributed attribute reduction is presented. It first performs reduction independently on each local context using the existing approaches, and then local reducts are merged to compute reducts of global contexts. An algorithm implementation is provided and its effectiveness is validated. The distributed reduction algorithm facilitates not only improving computation efficiency but also avoiding the problems caused by the existing approaches, such as data privacy and communication overhead.展开更多
The article defines knowledge about pelforated stomach ulcer that is formalized on the basis of an ontology model of medical diagnostics domain. The paper describes a base of observations for the disease and also know...The article defines knowledge about pelforated stomach ulcer that is formalized on the basis of an ontology model of medical diagnostics domain. The paper describes a base of observations for the disease and also knowledge base which determines a clinical presentation of the disease. The dependences on courses of the disease and process localization are taken into account during knowledge formalizing. The base of knowledge for the disease has the structure that is conventional for contemporary medicine. These knowledge will be used for building a medical intellectual system of for consulting and diagnostics.展开更多
One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution...One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution to a firm＇s sustainability of performance, recognition of these intellectual assets in the financial statements do not correspond with their significance as they have to rigid criteria set by conventional accounting standards. This study seeks to assess the level of intellectual capital （IC） resources reported in Malaysian companies in the traditional sectors of the economy and examine their reporting trends in the annual reports of these companies from years 2003 and 2008 Data was collected from companies listed in the main board of Malaysia Stock Exchange （or Bursa Malaysia） and content analysis was applied. Results show that the extent of IC reporting in the annual accounts of listed companies in traditional sectors is slightly above average.展开更多
The paper analyzes the current trends of urban transformation and delineates an underlying rationale which enables the comprehension of the current character of Arab city with particular reference to Al-Khobar. The ci...The paper analyzes the current trends of urban transformation and delineates an underlying rationale which enables the comprehension of the current character of Arab city with particular reference to Al-Khobar. The city form is subjected to a re-reading arguments of which are based on critical interpretation of the mechaitisms of urban morphology in relation not only to the impacts of global economy and building boom but also to the means of perception of urban space by different strata of the urban realm. Thus, urban morphology of the city is studied as a medium which manifests a dissociation, and thus duality, between social structure and its physical container. The paper further argues that uncritical import of urban and architectural typologies seem to create a peculiar type of urban-architectural forgery that is usually reduced to skin-deep facade mimicry. Particularly, solo performances of shiny high-rise buildings and sharp contrasts of street fronts between main arteries and back streets depict impressions of fragmentation and segregation. The emerging urban-scape that can be associated with the cultural and economic leap in Arab regions today is critically evaluated. Thus, the paper proposes judicious and critical planning policy instead of direct import of global urban-architectural typologies.展开更多
Several computer theorists and professionals share the concepts of ＂signifier＂ and ＂signified＂ in intuitive terms but are often unfamiliar with semiotics. There is a special digital divide between semiotics and th...Several computer theorists and professionals share the concepts of ＂signifier＂ and ＂signified＂ in intuitive terms but are often unfamiliar with semiotics. There is a special digital divide between semiotics and the technology, because the semiotic notions are usually expressed through verbal expressions instead engineers use the mathematical language. In the first step, the present study suggests the formal descriptions of the signifier and the signified. In the second step, we show how these formal definitions are able to justify the hardware structure of a computer system, and even other properties of computing which are currently presented on the as-is basis. Concluding, the basic concepts of semiotics can unveil intriguing aspect of information technology展开更多
In many areas of North China, villagers are more concerned about the specific practice like ritual, rather than ideology when dealing with the relevant belief problems. Therefore, practice is far more important in the...In many areas of North China, villagers are more concerned about the specific practice like ritual, rather than ideology when dealing with the relevant belief problems. Therefore, practice is far more important in the analysis of villagers＇ belief problems. In everyday life, villagers produce an entire set of local knowledge based on their needs and experience to life, and form various social relationships based on the shared knowledge. Narration and practice are not only the strategies that villagers often use to construct their local knowledge but also the leading ways to produce and inherit it. So it is indispensable to pay attention to the production ways and the practice, which concerning about the local belief knowledge, thus it may be better to understand their inner logic of participating the relevant ritual activities when we analyze xiangtou （香头） and kanxiang （看香） activities widely existed in rural areas of North China.展开更多
Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise str...Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.展开更多
文摘Since its birth in Britain in the late 1970s, critical discourse analysis （CDA, for short） has attracted great attention of western linguists. At present, some scholars in our country have devoted themselves to the study of CDA and the study results are rewarding. However, some insufficiencies do exist in the research, such as the over-simplification of theories, excessive attention paid to theories rather than practice and neglect of nurturing critical thinking etc. Therefore, the author proposes to associate CDA with cognitive linguistics and interpret the research methods and the practical values of CDA in a wholly new perspective in terms of the analysis of the cohesion of the cognitive schema, ideology and notions from the information receivers and senders.
基金The National Outstanding Young Scientist Foundationby NSFC(No.60425206)the National Natural Science Foundation of Chi-na(No.60503020)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2006094).
文摘In order to reduce knowledge reasoning space and improve knowledge processing efficiency, a framework of distributed attribute reduction in concept lattices is presented. By employing the idea similar to that of the rough set, the characterization of core attributes, dispensable attributes and unnecessary attributes are described from the point of view of local formal contexts and virtual global contexts. A determinant theorem of attribute reduction is derived. Based on these results, an approach for distributed attribute reduction is presented. It first performs reduction independently on each local context using the existing approaches, and then local reducts are merged to compute reducts of global contexts. An algorithm implementation is provided and its effectiveness is validated. The distributed reduction algorithm facilitates not only improving computation efficiency but also avoiding the problems caused by the existing approaches, such as data privacy and communication overhead.
文摘The article defines knowledge about pelforated stomach ulcer that is formalized on the basis of an ontology model of medical diagnostics domain. The paper describes a base of observations for the disease and also knowledge base which determines a clinical presentation of the disease. The dependences on courses of the disease and process localization are taken into account during knowledge formalizing. The base of knowledge for the disease has the structure that is conventional for contemporary medicine. These knowledge will be used for building a medical intellectual system of for consulting and diagnostics.
文摘One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution to a firm＇s sustainability of performance, recognition of these intellectual assets in the financial statements do not correspond with their significance as they have to rigid criteria set by conventional accounting standards. This study seeks to assess the level of intellectual capital （IC） resources reported in Malaysian companies in the traditional sectors of the economy and examine their reporting trends in the annual reports of these companies from years 2003 and 2008 Data was collected from companies listed in the main board of Malaysia Stock Exchange （or Bursa Malaysia） and content analysis was applied. Results show that the extent of IC reporting in the annual accounts of listed companies in traditional sectors is slightly above average.
文摘The paper analyzes the current trends of urban transformation and delineates an underlying rationale which enables the comprehension of the current character of Arab city with particular reference to Al-Khobar. The city form is subjected to a re-reading arguments of which are based on critical interpretation of the mechaitisms of urban morphology in relation not only to the impacts of global economy and building boom but also to the means of perception of urban space by different strata of the urban realm. Thus, urban morphology of the city is studied as a medium which manifests a dissociation, and thus duality, between social structure and its physical container. The paper further argues that uncritical import of urban and architectural typologies seem to create a peculiar type of urban-architectural forgery that is usually reduced to skin-deep facade mimicry. Particularly, solo performances of shiny high-rise buildings and sharp contrasts of street fronts between main arteries and back streets depict impressions of fragmentation and segregation. The emerging urban-scape that can be associated with the cultural and economic leap in Arab regions today is critically evaluated. Thus, the paper proposes judicious and critical planning policy instead of direct import of global urban-architectural typologies.
文摘Several computer theorists and professionals share the concepts of ＂signifier＂ and ＂signified＂ in intuitive terms but are often unfamiliar with semiotics. There is a special digital divide between semiotics and the technology, because the semiotic notions are usually expressed through verbal expressions instead engineers use the mathematical language. In the first step, the present study suggests the formal descriptions of the signifier and the signified. In the second step, we show how these formal definitions are able to justify the hardware structure of a computer system, and even other properties of computing which are currently presented on the as-is basis. Concluding, the basic concepts of semiotics can unveil intriguing aspect of information technology
文摘In many areas of North China, villagers are more concerned about the specific practice like ritual, rather than ideology when dealing with the relevant belief problems. Therefore, practice is far more important in the analysis of villagers＇ belief problems. In everyday life, villagers produce an entire set of local knowledge based on their needs and experience to life, and form various social relationships based on the shared knowledge. Narration and practice are not only the strategies that villagers often use to construct their local knowledge but also the leading ways to produce and inherit it. So it is indispensable to pay attention to the production ways and the practice, which concerning about the local belief knowledge, thus it may be better to understand their inner logic of participating the relevant ritual activities when we analyze xiangtou （香头） and kanxiang （看香） activities widely existed in rural areas of North China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61040031)the Technological Project of Henan Province (Grant No. 082102210066)
文摘Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.
