平板电视东北地区特化形态设计研究

目的通过构建东北特化家庭生命周期模型,以及对消费者生活形态与特定产品消费的研究,探索平板电视设计的东北形态特化设计,设计出具有浓郁地域特色的、地域代表性强烈的平板电视东北地区特化形态。方法通过对高粘度人群的入户调研,探索不同家庭生命周期阶段的家庭任务和消费需求,总结归纳处于不同家庭生命周期的人群在消费过程中所关注的热点词汇。结合东北地区的地理特色,人文风俗以及东北人的性格特点等,对市场设计需求进行设计描述,从而对东北地区平板电视特化形态进行设计定位。结论提出了平板电视东北地区特化形态的设计方法和研究途径,拓展区域化平板电视研发方向,对前文总结的设计方法和研究途径进行设计验证,设计出东北地区特化形态的平板电视。

Morphological Characteristics of Floral Organ at Different Microspore Developmental Stage in Balsam Pear （Momordica Charantia L.）

The relationship between microspore developmental stages and morphological characteristics of floral organ in balsam pear was studied. The results showed that flower buds developed a series of morphological changes at different microspore developmental stages, and morphological characteristics of floral organ were significantly different when sampling from different part or cultivar of balsam pear. Anther at late-uninucleate stage was best for culture, in which stage flower buds swelled obviously, and white floss on the surface reduced. In addition, calyxes were obvious but did not spread, and the most of anthers were light green.

Physical, chemical, and surface charge properties of bauxite residue derived from a combined process

A detailed understanding of the composition,buffering capacity,surface charge property,and metals leaching behavior of bauxite residue is the key to improved management,both in reducing the environmental impact and using the material as an industrial by-product for other applications.In this study,physical,chemical,and surface charge properties of bauxite residue derived from a combined process were investigated.Results indicated that the main alkaline solids in bauxite residue were katoite,sodalite,and calcite.These minerals also lead to a higher acid neutralizing capacity of bauxite residue.Acid neutralizing capacity(ANC)to pH 7.0 of this residue is about 0.9 mol H^+/kg solid.Meanwhile,the Fe-,Al-,and Si-containing minerals in bauxite residue resulted in an active surface;The isoelectric point(IEP)and point of zero charge(PZC)were 7.88 and 7.65,respectively.This also leads to a fact that most of the metals in bauxite residue were adsorbed by these surface charged solids,which makes the metals not readily move under natural or even moderately acidic conditions.The leaching behavior of metals as a function of pH indicated that the metals in bauxite residue present low release concentrations(pH>3).

CT image morphology features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the CT morphology features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas (PSHs) and improve the diagnosis ability of this disease.Methods: The 18 cases of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) confirmed by operation and histopathology from August 2002 to May 2009 were collected,including 17 females and 2 males,aged from 19 to 60 years old,with an average age of 43 years.All the cases underwent plain CT scan,among them,16 cases received enhanced CT scan.Results: The 18 cases had isolated mass.Mean long-axis diameter of these lesions was (2.7 ± 1.3) cm (range,1.9–4.2 cm).Of all cases,5 cases (27.8%) were round in shape,9 cases (50%) were oval,4 cases (22.2%) were lobulated,and 14 cases (77.8%) were smooth margin.The air meniscus sign was in 2 cases (11.1%),and the halo sign in 3 cases (16.7%).Two cases (11.1%) contained small nodular calcification,the remaining 16 cases (70%) were homogeneous density,the CT density of the masses ranged from 24–47 HU,and the mean value was 35 HU.Sixteen cases received enhanced scan,the welt vessel sign was in 8 cases (44.4%),1 case showed less enhancement,5 cases showed marked homogeneous enhancement and 10 cases showed intense and patchy heterogeneous enhanced.The CT density of the enhancing masses ranged from 60–110 HU,the mean value was 35 HU,and the net enhancement value was 14–80 HU,the mean value was 55 HU.Conclusion: PSH should be considered in middle-aged female whose CT found that single round or oval pulmonary nodules,with smooth margin,or associated with the air meniscus sign,the halo sign,or the marked enhancement.

Species identification and phylogenetic analysis of genus Nassarius(Nassariidae)based on mitochondrial genes

Genus Nassarius contains many subgenera, such as Zeuxis, Telasco, Niotha, Varicinassa, Plicarcularia, Nassarius s. str. and Reticunassa. On the basis of morphological characteristics of the shell and radula and sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S rRNA genes, Nassarius specimens collected from the South China Sea were identified and phylogenetically analyzed. Although Nassarius sp. and Nassarius (Varicinassa) variciferus were morphologically different in their shells, few variations were found among their radular teeth and sequences of mtCOI and mt16S RNA genes. Therefore, Nassarius sp. should be classified as N. (Varicinassa) variciferus. Nassarius (Zeuxis) sp. has only a subtle difference from Nassarius (Zeuxis) algidus on the shell, but it shows obvious differences in radular teeth and DNA sequence, indicating that they are two distinct species. Sequence divergence of mtCOI and mt16S RNA genes within Nassarius species was much lower than that between species, suggesting that these two genes are suitable for Nassarius species identification. Phylogenetic analysis (neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony) based on mtCOI and mt16S rRNA genes revealed the presence of two groups in genus Nassarius and a closest relationship between subgenera Zeuxis and Telasco. Species of subgenus Plicarcularia did not form a single clade. The molecular phylogeny was not congruent with the previous morphological phylogeny. The subgeneric divisions of genus Nassarius appear to be uncertain and unreliable.

AGING OF HUMAN MATURE ERYTHROCYTES IS LIKE A PROCESS OF APOPTOSIS IN ENUCLEATED CELL

Apoptosis of nucleated cells is well known, but how about the unnucleated cells is still not elucidated. In the present paper, the morphological and biochemical features of the aged erythrocytes were observed and compared with the characteristic events of apoptosis. Membrane of aged erythrocytes tends to shrink, protrude, from vesicle and lose lipid asymmetry. Aged erythrocytes were removed by phagocytosis. Both of the events are very similar to the apoptotic nucleated cells. The authors suggested that aging of erythro- cytes is also a process of apoptosis.

Analysis of clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 15 cases with olfactory neuroblastoma

Objective:We studied the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of olfactory neuroblastoma(ONB).Methods:The clinic pathological data and immunohistochemical features of 15 cases with ONB were analyzed retrospectively,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results:The tumors were all located in the nasal cavity in 15 cases.According to Kadish's staging system,7 cases were in stage A,5 cases in stage B,and 3 cases in stage C.The morphological features showed small round or ovoid tumor cells divided into pieces or trabeculae by connective tissues which were rich in capillaries.The tumor cells had round or oval nuclei and fine chromatins and lack of cytoplasma.Flexner rosette and Homer-Wright rosette were found in some cases.Acidophilic fibrins were composed of cytoplasmic projection among tumor cells.All cases were positive for NSE,Syn,CgA,1 case was positive for Vimentin,2 cases were positive for S-100,while CKpan,LCA and HMB45 were all negative.Conclusion:ONB is a type of very rare malignant tumors,which could be diagnosed by pathology,and immunohistochemistry is helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

An integrative study of larval organogenesis of American shad Alosa sapidissima in histological aspects

We describe organogenesis at a histological level in American shad( Alosa sapidissima) larvae from 0 until 45 days after hatching(DAH). Larval development was divided into four stages based on the feeding mode,external morphological features,and structural changes in the organs: stage 1(0–2 DAH),stage 2(3–5 DAH),stage 3(6–26 DAH) and stage 4(27–45 DAH). At early stage 2(3 DAH),American shad larvae developed the initial digestive and absorptive tissues,including the mouth and anal opening,buccopharyngeal cavity,oesophagus,incipient stomach,anterior and posterior intestine,differentiated hepatocytes,and exocrine pancreas. The digestive and absorptive capacity developed further in stages 2 to 3,at which time the pharyngeal teeth,taste buds,gut mucosa folds,differentiated stomach,and gastric glands could be observed. Four defined compartments were discernible in the heart at 4 DAH. From 3 to 13 DAH,the excretory systems started to develop,accompanied by urinary bladder opening,the appearance and development of primordial pronephros,and the proliferation and convolution of renal tubules. Primordial gills were detected at 2 DAH,the pseudobranch was visible at 6 DAH,and the filaments and lamellae proliferated rapidly during stage 3. The primordial swim bladder was first observed at 2 DAH and started to inflate at 9 DAH; from then on,it expanded constantly. The spleen was first observed at 8 DAH and the thymus was evident at 12 DAH. From stage 4 onwards,most organs essentially manifested an increase in size,number,and complexity of tissue structure.

The Study Results of F1 Generation of Washington Navel Orange Obtained Through Distant Hybridization

For a successful selection of citrus plants when mating with cultural forms through the method of distant hybridization it is necessary to choose a promising father component such as： a） a complex hybrid of inchangensis ＂Caucasus＂ obtained using hybrid citrange of American origin _ C. Kinokuni X C.ichanglemon, which gives an eatable lemon with a chemical composition similar to the normal lemon fruit and without any damage it can resist frost at -16 ℃ temperature and b） spontaneous mutations of trifoliata： #1 and #2 which are distinguished among trifoliata species. Their fruits don＇t contain or contain a small amount of the substances that deteriorate the taste： naringin, porcine and so on. They are characterized by high index of frost resistance. In the experiment when obtaining sexual hybrids of the Washington naval orange the above mentioned components were used and hybrid seedlings were obtained, which are distinguished according to their phenotypic hereditary features. Selected seedlings represent the best initial material for a successful future work.

The Distribution of Agglutinated Foraminifera in Porong and Solo Deltas, East Java

Organisms of delta form unique ecosystem consist of organisms of endemic, ocean and transition waters. Both Porong and Solo Deltas of East Java have a unique morphological characteristic because they were formed by different sediments. During the study on foraminifera in the two deltas, agglutinated foraminifera were given special attention since there were so few records on the occurrence of this group from Indonesia. Agglutinated foraminifera characterized by their shell （test） formed materials that consisting of attachment of foreign materials and cemented by CaCO3 and SiO3. This study was conducted on November 2007 and showed the relatively similar result on Porong and Solo Deltas in term of species. But the number of collected specimens is significantly different, which was recorded more than doubled. Of the 15 stations studied in each delta, 19 species were collected from the Porong Delta and 21 species were in all 15 stations of the Solo Delta. The stations which located close to the mouth of the river contain more number of individuals than that away from it, especially Ammobaculites agglutinans and Textularia pseudogramen. Generally, the number of collected agglutinated foraminifera of Porong Delta was more abundant than Solo Delta.

Latitudinal variation of leaf morphological traits from species to communities along a forest transect in eastern China

Comprehensive information on geographic patterns of leaf morphological traits in Chinese forests is still scarce.To explore the spatial patterns of leaf traits,we investigated leaf area(LA),leaf thickness(LT),specific leaf area(SLA),and leaf dry matter content(LDMC) across 847 species from nine typical forests along the North-South Transect of Eastern China(NSTEC) between July and August 2013,and also calculated the community weighted means(CWM) of leaf traits by determining the relative dominance of each species.Our results showed that,for all species,the means(± SE) of LA,LT,SLA,and LDMC were 2860.01 ± 135.37 mm2,0.17 ± 0.003 mm,20.15 ± 0.43 m2 kg–1,and 316.73 ± 3.81 mg g–1,respectively.Furthermore,latitudinal variation in leaf traits differed at the species and community levels.Generally,at the species level,SLA increased and LDMC decreased as latitude increased,whereas no clear latitudinal trends among LA or LT were found,which could be the result of shifts in plant functional types.When scaling up to the community level,more significant spatial patterns of leaf traits were observed(R2 = 0.46–0.71),driven by climate and soil N content.These results provided synthetic data compilation and analyses to better parameterize complex ecological models in the future,and emphasized the importance of scaling-up when studying the biogeographic patterns of plant traits.

Fusulinid species determination based on population variation:An example from Eopolydiexodina

To make fusulinid morphospecies more accordant with biological species, it is necessary and reasonable to constrain the conventional determination of fusulinid species with population-level morphological variation. As an example, morphospecies identification on population level was conducted on Eopolydiexodina specimens from a single bed of the Middle Permian Shazipo Formation of Xiaoxinzhai Section in western Yunnan, China. These specimens were identified with the consideration of fossil population by morphometric analysis of their characteristic morphological variates (diameter of proloculus, size and ratio of inner and outer volutions). The results reveal that the studied variates have wide but overall continuous variation and generally follow the normal distribution. The studied individuals, therefore, have consistent morphological variation with a single population and should belong to one fusulinid morphospecies. This study supports the assumption that fusulinid individuals of one genus from the same bed in one locality should constitute a single fossil population.

New ommatids from the Late Jurassic of western Liaoning, China （Coleoptera： Archostemata）

A new genus Amblomma gen. nov. of fossil beetles is erected and can be assignedto the family Ommatidae because its two procoxal cavities are contiguous and the articulations of the abdominal ventrites are abutting. The new genus is similar to Zygadenia Handlirsch, 1906 (=Notocupes Ponomarenko, 1964), Tetraphalerus Waterhouse, 1901,Rhobdocupes Ponomarenko, 1966 and Sinocupes Lin, 1976, but can be distinguished from other genera according to the following characters: the second segment of antennae is shorterthan the third one in length; the posterior tarsi with the basal segment is obviously shorter than the three following taken together in length; the antennae reach the posterior ridge of prothroax in length, and the sides of the prothroax with serrulate margin. Four new species of the new genus are described and figured: Amblomma psilata gen. et sp. nov., Amblomma rudis gen. et sp. nov., Amblomma epicharis gen. et sp. nov., and Amblomma stabilis gen. etsp. nov. A key to species within this new genus is provided. All the specimens are collected from the Late Jurassic Yixian Formation of western Liaoning and are now housed in the College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.

Mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics of Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides from the PACMANUS hydrothermal field, Eastern Manus Basin

The mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics of Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides from the dacite-hosted PACMANUS hydrothermal field were analyzed.The samples are poorly crystallized Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides with minor birnessite, todorokite, nontronite, goethite, and opal-A.There are some microtextures which are rather like fossil microbes such as the filamentous silica and the hollow pipes.Flakes of nontronite crystals are found either forming a honeycomb texture or distrib- uted on the surface of the hollow pipes.Nontronite is the product precipitated from low-temperature hydrothermal fluids, and microbes may play a role in its formation.Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides have two kinds of nuclei: Si-Mn nuclei and Si nuclei, both enveloped by the similar Si-Fe outer layer, existing in the rod-shaped oxyhydroxide and spheroidal oxyhydroxide, respectively.In the Si-Mn nuclei, the concentration of SiO2 is between 39.32 wt% and 86.31 wt%, and MnO concentration is between 4.97 wt% and 27.01 wt%, but Fe2O3 concentration is very low (0.54 wt%-3.43 wt%).In the Si nucleus the concentration of SiO2 is 90.17 wt%, but concentration of MnO and Fe2O3 are low, with 0.06 wt% and 3.47 wt%, respectively.The formation of the Si-Mn nucleus is closely related to microbes, whereas the Si nucleus is of inorganic origin.

Land Use Effects on the Distribution and Speciation of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Coastal Soils on Chongming Island in the Yangtze River Estuary, China

The reclamation of tidal fiats has been one of the important approaches to replenish the arable lands in the coastal areas; pollution status of reclaimed soils has received wide attention recently, especially for the study of heavy metals due to the relative high pollutant concentrations in wetlands. To understand the impact of land use change on heavy metal and arsenic （As） geochemistry by the reclamation of wetlands for agriculture, surface soils and soil profiles were collected from the agricultural land reclaimed in the 1990s and the intertidal flat wetland at Dongtan on Chongming Island in the Yangtze River Estuary, China. The soil samples were analyzed for total concentrations and chemical speciation of chromium （Cr）, zinc （Zn）, copper （Cu）, lead （Pb）, nickel （Ni）, cadmium （Cd） and As using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. Results showed that soil properties （salinity, total organic carbon and grain-size distribution） and the concentrations of heavy metals and As in the soils differed under the different land use types. The conversion of wetland to forest had caused obvious losses of all the measured heavy metals. In paddy field and dryland with frequent cultivation, the concentrations of Cr, Zn, Cu, Ni and As were higher when compared to forest land which was disturbed rarely by human activities. Speciation analysis showed that Cr, Zn, Cu, Ni and As were predominated by the immobile residual fraction, while Pb and Cd showed relatively higher mobility. In general, metal （except Ni） and As mobility decreased in the following order： wetland 〉 dryland 〉 paddy field 〉 forest land, which suggested that the reclaimed soils had lower metal and As mobility than the intertidal fiat wetland. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the effects of land use on heavy metals and As in the reclaimed soils of the study area and other similar coastal areas.