基于自适应窗和形状自适应小波变换的SAR图像相干斑抑制

结合SAR图像空域的先验知识和小波域系数的特性,提出了一种新的SAR图像相干斑抑制算法.使用最近提出的局部多项式近似-置信区间交叉(local polynomial approximation-intersection of confidence intervals(LPA-ICI))构造自适应窗,寻找到与SAR图像中每个像素点相对应的同质区域,在每个同质区域内利用本文给出的快速形状自适应小波变换进行硬阈值收缩抑斑,最后根据本文提出的稀疏加权方法融合多个估计样本获得最终抑斑图像.实验结果表明本文提出的算法有着很好的抑斑性能,尤其是在去除重构图像中的"振铃"效应以及有效保留原始SAR图像中的点目标方面性能更突出.

形状自适应的嵌入式小波图像编码算法

为实现任意形状区域编码,提出了一种形状自适应的嵌入式小波图像编码算法.该算法借鉴低存储器的零树编码(LMZC)方法引入系数重要性矩阵和子孙重要性矩阵以减少存储空间的使用,并引入最大幅值变量以避免对后代系数的重复扫描.编码过程中,当树结构的编码开销大于增益时,采用直接位平面编码.实验结果表明,该算法执行速度快、存储器需求低,在相同压缩比情况下,图像重构质量和峰值信噪比(PSNR)均优于LMZC与等级树集分割(SPIHT)算法.利用该算法对任意形状对象进行压缩编码可取得良好的压缩效果.

改进的形状自适应离散小波变换算法

对 MPEG- 4中的形状自适应离散小波变换 ( SA- DWT)进行研究发现 ,父节点在对象外部的节点是影响编码效率的因素之一 ,为此提出了一种对边缘系数进行处理的方法 .该方法既能获取较好的信号处理增益的特点 ,又能保留 SA- DWT所具有的优良特性 .测试结果表明 ,本文方法大大减少了各子带中父节点在对象外部的个数 。

基于ISA-DWT的多个任意形状感兴趣区域编码框架

提出了一个多个任意形状感兴趣区域编码框架。通过引入灰度掩膜图像来表示不同感兴趣区域的优先级,在总的目标码率和各个优先级感兴趣区域重建质量的约束条件下,按照优先级从高到低的顺序对不同的感兴趣区域采用整数到整数形状自适应离散小波进行变换,对变换后的系数采用修改的SPIHT算法产生单独的压缩码流。实验结果表明,本编码框架有如下优点:(1)根据感兴趣区域的优先级顺序来保证感兴趣区域的目标重建质量;(2)适合于任意形状感兴趣区域的有损和无损压缩;(3)感兴趣区域重建质量估计方法简单有效。

跨声速压气机性能计算中的激波损失模型

在分析了跨声速叶型内激波与附面层相互作用及波系形状的基础上,建立了一种考虑了激波与附面层的相互作用及栅内流动状况的跨声速叶栅激波结构的数学物理模型,并提供了一种可靠评估跨声速叶栅激波损失的方法。

冲击载荷下颗粒材料临边界区域的波动行为及变形特征分析

研究颗粒材料中的波传播问题在超材料制造方面有重要意义,如波传导超材料边界的设计需考虑应力波的反射和吸收等问题.本文从一维颗粒链中的波传播行为出发,根据距边界不同位置处颗粒能够得到的最大动能的不同,给出了临边界区域的定义.然后分析了多组二维颗粒样本在冲击载荷作用下应力波的传播行为,主要考虑了不同边界形状及不同颗粒排列方式对应力波在临边界区域内传播行为的影响.研究表明,临边界区颗粒排列方式主要影响边界附近颗粒的相对位置和局部孔隙率;经边界反射后的应力波直接以边界形状在临边界区内传播,该结论在边界情况越复杂(高局部孔隙率,颗粒无序随机排列)时越准确;在临边界区域外(即材料中心区域),波前形状主要由波速决定.弧形边界对波反射的汇聚作用和临边界区域内颗粒的排列方式所引起的弥散作用是两个竞争因素,共同决定临边界区域内波的反射过程.最后分析了临边界区域内颗粒力链网络在反射前后的变化.该研究将为超材料设计提供借鉴.

基于塔式结构的任意形状编码

在基于对象的视频编码技术中,必须对对象的形状信息进行编码.本文提出的基于位图的任意形状编码方法PSC,是利用对于二值图像进行Lazy小波变换后形成的具有层次性的金字塔结构进行形状编码的方法,该算法与CAE方法相比复杂性小,并且具有渐进性编码的特点,如果和基于小波变换的纹理编码技术联合使用,执行速度还会有很大提高.在低比特率情况下,该算法形状的率失真性能比Quad-Tree方法有很大的提高.

基于恒定陡度聚焦波模型的分析与讨论

1998年,Kway J H L提出了恒定陡度方式产生聚焦波的方法,基于此方法去研究它产生的聚焦波的特性。在该方法中,陡度是恒定的,表示为波分量振幅乘以其相应的波数。波数对应波频率,一旦波频率组成确定,就可以确定相应的波幅,这样按线性叠加原理可以表示出聚焦波。在聚焦时间和聚焦位置不变并且不考虑波浪破碎的情况下,分别改变水深、中心频率、恒定陡度、波频率范围和频率分割大小,观察聚焦波特性的变化。聚焦波特性包括峰值、峰值与次峰值之比、恒定陡度、中心频率、频率范围对聚焦波形状的影响。分析结果将对使用恒定陡度方式产生聚焦波的研究有所帮助。

基于激波形状控制的定几何高超声速可调进气道概念及初步验证

针对现有定几何高超声速进气道低马赫工作时流量系数低、溢流阻力大,变几何高超声速进气道结构复杂、附加重量大、可靠性低等缺点,提出了一种基于激波形状控制的固定几何高超声速可调进气道概念,给出了其实现模式,并进行了初步的验证.研究结果表明,该可调进气道能够依靠自身的高压驱动来实现对口部波系、有效喉道面积的调节,使进气道在低马赫数下的流量系数相对于常规定几何高超声速进气道提高20%以上,前体阻力系数下降8%以上,其性能特征对于改善高超声速飞行器的低马赫数加速性能特别有利.

带钢平整过程中振痕形成及改善措施

对带钢冷轧、平整轧制过程中产品振痕的形成和改善措施进行了探讨。

基于ISA-DWT的MR图像压缩新算法

本研究提出一种新的ISA-DWT(整数到整数的形状自适应离散小波变换)的核磁共振(MR)图像压缩算法,对变换后的系数采用适合于形状自适应离散小波变换的修改的SPIHT算法进行编码,并增加上下文自适应算术编码以提高其压缩性能。本研究算法可将前景区域和背景区域生成的压缩码流完全分离,且小波域的系数个数和图像域的个数相同。实验结果表明,对于MR图像,本研究算法的压缩性能明显优于JPEG2000中的最大位移算法。

一种感兴趣区域二维水印算法的实现

针对图像中用户选定的感兴趣区域ROI(Regions of interest)的保护,提出形状自适应离散小波变换SA-DWT(ShapeAdaptive DWT)是实现感兴趣区域二维水印算法的有效工具。水印图像(一幅灰度图像)经压缩后生成可以嵌入的水印序列,同时SA-DWT变换作用于ROI区域,通过选择变换系数的嵌入位置和嵌入准则实现水印信息的嵌入;最后提取水印信号,通过重构恢复水印图像。攻击实验表明该算法可以抵抗常见的图像攻击手段,ROI区域得到了有效保护。

Longitudinal type-line optimization of high-speed train for low aerodynamic noise

The basic head shape of high-speed train is determined by its longitudinal type-line(LTL),so it is crucial to optimize its aerodynamic performance.Based on the parametric modeling of LTL constructed by non-uniform relational B-spline(NURBS)and the fluctuation pressure obtained by large eddy simulation(LES),the Kriging surrogate model(KSM)of LTL was constructed for low aerodynamic noise,and the accuracy of the KSM was improved gradually by adding the sample point with maximum expected improvement(EI)and the optimal point from optimization.The optimal objective was searched with genetic algorithm(GA).The results show that the total fluctuation pressure level(FPL)of the optimal LTL can be 8.7 dB less than that of original one,and the shape optimization method is feasible for low aerodynamic noise design.

Calibration of split Hopkinson pressure bar system with special shape striker

In order to present basic guidance for system calibration of split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) with the special shape striker,wave characteristics and dynamic responses of SHPB under striker impact were analyzed.Stress generated by the special shape striker tends to have a half-sine waveform and has little wave dispersion during its propagation.Impact velocities of the special shape striker and peak values of generated stress still have linear relation but with a different coefficient from that of cylindrical strikers.From stress histories on the surfaces of the input bar impacted by the special shape striker off-axially and obliquely,it is found that the misalignment impacts usually trigger wave distortion and amplitude decrease,which can be used to identify the poor system adjustment.Finally,the system calibration of SHPB with the special shape striker can be classified into four steps:system adjustment,wave distortion identification,measurement calibration and transmission calibration,where the measurement calibration factor and transmission calibration factor are elaborated and redefined.

Analysis and Simulation of S-shaped Waveguide in Silicon-on-insulator

The simulation and analysis of S-shaped waveguide bend are presented.Bend radius larger than 30 mm assures less than 0.5 dB radiation loss for a 4-μm-wide silicon-on-insulator waveguide bend with 2-μm etch depth.Intersection angle greater than 20° provides negligible crosstalk (<-30 dB) and very low insertion loss.Any reduction in bend radius and intersection angle is at the cost of the degradation of characteristics of bent waveguide and intersecting waveguide, respectively.

Traffic sign recognition algorithm based on shape signature and dual-tree complex wavelet transform

A novel traffic sign recognition system is presented in this work. Firstly, the color segmentation and shape classifier based on signature feature of region are used to detect traffic signs in input video sequences. Secondly, traffic sign color-image is preprocessed with gray scaling, and normalized to 64×64 size. Then, image features could be obtained by four levels DT-CWT images. Thirdly, 2DICA and nearest neighbor classifier are united to recognize traffic signs. The whole recognition algorithm is implemented for classification of 50 categories of traffic signs and its recognition accuracy reaches 90%. Comparing image representation DT-CWT with the well-established image representation like template, Gabor, and 2DICA with feature selection techniques such as PCA, LPP, 2DPCA at the same time, the results show that combination method of DT-CWT and 2DICA is useful in traffic signs recognition. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is robust, effective and accurate.

Special Bi-Solitons for Asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov Equation

Employing a constructive algorithm and the symbolic computation, we obtain a new explicit bi-soliton-like solution of the asymmetric Nizhnik Novikov-Veselov equation. The solution contains two arbitrary functions which indicates that it can model various bi-soliton-like waves. In particular, specially choosing the arbitrary functions, we find some interesting bi-solitons with special shapes, which possess the traveling property of the traditional bi-solitons. We show the evolution of such bi-solitons by figures.

Role of Ag addition on microstructure,mechanical properties,corrosion behavior and biocompatibility of porous Ti-30 at%Ta shape memory alloys

In the present study,the thermal,mechanical,and biological properties of xAg/Ti-30Ta(x=0,0.41,0.82 and 2.48 at%)shape memory alloys(SMAs)were investigated.The study was conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),compression test,and shape memory testing.The xAg/Ti-Ta was made using a powder metallurgy technique and microwave-sintering process.The results revealed that the addition of Ag has a significant effect on the pore size and shape,whereas the smallest pore size of 11μm was found with the addition of 0.41 at%along with a relative density of 72%.The fracture stress and strain increased with the addition of Ag,reaching the minimum values around 0.41 at%Ag.Therefore,this composition showed the maximum stress and strain at fracture region.Moreover,0.82 Ag/Ti-Ta shows more excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility than other percentages,obtaining almost the same behaviour of the pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloys,which can be recommended for their promising and potential response for biomaterial applications.

Prediction of Buckling of Plain Knitted Fabric Sheets Subjected to Simple Shear in Wale Direction

Knitted fabric is very different from woven fabric due to its more complicated knitting structures. The buckling of knitted fabric sheets subjected to simple shear in the wale direction is investigated analytically in consideration of the large deformation of fabric sheet in critical configuration. The theory on instability of finite deformation is applied to the analysis. All the stress boundary conditions of knitted fabric sheet are satisfied. An equation to determine the buckling direction angle is derived. It is shown that there are two possible buckling modes, flexural mode and barreling mode. The buckling condition equations for the flexural mode and barreling mode are also obtained respectively. Numerical illustrations reveal that only the flexural mode can actually occur and the barreling mode cannot, which agrees with the experimental observations. For a permitted buckling mode on margin boundaries, the critical value of shear amount and the buckling direction angle can be determined.

Opportunistic Relaying Schemes for Amplify and Forward Bidirectional Relay Channels with Multi antenna Sources

We consider a two-way relay network where the Amplify-and-Forward (AF) protocol is adopted by all relays in this paper.The network consists of two multi-antenna source nodes and multiple distributed single-antenna relays.Two opportunistic relaying schemes are proposed to efficiently utilize the antennas of the source nodes and the relay nodes.In the first scheme,the best relay is selected out by a max-min-max criterion before transmitting.After that,at each source,only the antenna with the largest channel gain between itself and the best relay is activated to transmit and receive signals with full power.In the second scheme,assisted by the best relay which is selected by the typical max-min criterion,both source nodes use all their antennas to exchange data,and match filter beamforming techniques are employed at both source nodes.Further analyses show that all schemes can achieve the full diversity order,and the conclusions are not only mathematically demonstrated but numerically illustrated.System performance comparisons are carried out by numerical methods in terms of rate sum and outage probability,respectively.The beamforming assisted scheme can be found to be superior to the antenna selection scheme when accurate Channel State Information (CSI) is available at the transmitters.Otherwise,the latter is very suitable.