生命周期视角下非效率投资的影响动因研究

以2009~2012年沪深A股上市公司为样本,从企业发展动态的角度检验非效率投资的影响动因。研究表明：成长期和成熟期上市公司的过度投资行为由管理者代理冲突所致,衰退期国有企业的过度投资由大股东代理矛盾所致,非国有企业的过度投资行为由管理者代理冲突和大股东代理矛盾共同所致;成长期上市公司投资不足主要由融资约束所致,成熟期和衰退期公司投资不足由融资约束和两类代理冲突共同所致,且非国有公司比国有公司面临更加严格的融资约束。

岷江上游典型村落资源利用与影响动因分析

从耕地占有数量及利用效率、土地资源构成、村落农业生产技术以及村落布局4个方面,研究岷江上游4个典型村落农业资源利用变化特点,认为农业资源禀赋条件、科技进步程度、民族文化和历史因素、制度政策、市场因子以及生态环境状况是形成村落资源利用的基本动因。

黑龙江省装备制造业技术创新能力的影响动因分析

文章以老装备制造基地黑龙江省为研究对象,通过分析其装备制造业技术创新能力的内外影响动因,并结合黑龙江省装备制造业的发展现状,提出了相应的对策建议,以保障黑龙江省装备制造业的可持续发展。

商业银行个人住房贷款风险影响动因分析

首先概要地介绍了我国房地产市场和个人住房贷款的发展状况，同时指出目前个人住房贷款存在大量的风险隐患，本文从我国商业银行个人住房贷款风险管理的现状入手，对商业银行个人住房贷款风险类别及其形成原因进行了分析。

我国上市公司碳会计信息披露影响动因分析

当今,环境保护问题无疑已经成为一个全球各国迫切关注的问题。近些年表现颇为严重的全球变暖、极端天气等现象一次次给大家敲响了警钟,过量碳排放已造成非常严重的环境恶果。在对环境问题的关注中,碳会计作为环境会计的一个新兴分支学科兴起,而对于碳排放的企业主体进行碳会计信息披露情况和动因分析显得非常必要。

洛可可风格对民国家具影响动因探究

民国家具作为社会转型,中西方文化交融时期的产物,是一种独具特色的中国家具.在诸多对其影响的流派中,洛可可风格是民国家具中融合最多、作品最协调的风格.本文从民国家具实例来剖析洛可可风格对民国家具产生影响并协调融合的动因.

作曲家个性心理特征对西方音乐体裁生成、流变影响的动因研究

西方音乐体裁的生成、流变不仅仅是一种音乐现象,它既有音乐内在发展的原因,又有复杂多变的历史、文化、宗教等外在原因,同时我们不应忽视作曲家的创作个性心理对体裁发展的影响。在当代音乐理论的研究中,将心理学纳入音乐学的研究范畴中,亦是一个新兴的、具有突破性的研究课题。

我国高等学校人才流动的动因分析及对策思考

人才是高校发挥其教育、科研、社会服务等重要职能的关键要素。合理的人才流动能够触发人才价值,实现高校人力资源优化配置。本文阐述了当前高等学校人才流动的基本特征,分析了影响高等学校人才流动的主要因素,从主管部门、用人单位、引进高校、人才自身等角度提出了有助于促进高校人才合理流动的对策建议。

上海西部郊区发展趋势分析

上海新时期郊区发展的影响动因主要包括政策引导、经济转型、新区位影响、新技术支撑等四个方面。在这些因素综合影响下,上海市西部郊区发展存在新的发展趋势,包括现代服务业比例的提升、产生新的城镇节点功能、形成园区空间的发展方式,并且最终形成网络区域空间格局。

基于经典扎根理论的虚拟创业决策模型研究

在日益复杂动荡的经济环境中,创业活动已成为当今社会生活普遍存在的经营现象,引发了学术界对该现象的热烈讨论。虚拟经营的优势已在业界和学术界得到普遍认可,许多创业成功的企业都采用了这种经营模式。那么,创业者为何采取虚拟经营模式进行创业?以虚拟经营模式创业的动因和影响因素有哪些?其决策过程是怎样的?这些问题迫切需要得到理论阐释。本文运用经典扎根理论研究方法,以三家典型企业为案例进行了质性研究,提出了"虚拟创业"的概念,归纳出企业虚拟创业的内部动因来自"创业者有强烈的创业动机"、"创业期企业资源能力有限"、"传统经营模式无法快速响应市场需求"和"创业者拥有强烈的品牌意识"四个方面,同时发现虚拟创业也与外部环境的支持和压力有关,进而得到虚拟创业决策的关键影响因素为盟主企业虚拟创业的意愿、能力和外部产业环境支持度。在此基础上,构建了企业虚拟创业的一般决策模型,完整描述了企业虚拟创业的内外部动因、影响因素及其相互作用,为进行更加深入的研究打下了理论基础。

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PIEZOCERAMIC ACTUATING LAMINATE

Piezoelectric ceramic element (PCE) is a kind of actuator applied widely on the intelligent material & structure. Establishing the relationship between the transferring stress and the controlling signal, namely the transferring and actuating equation, is a key step to analyze the actuating performance of the PCE. Based on the method of the shear lag theory, the procedure of the stress transferring is analyzed and the transferring and actuating model is established in this paper. Some measurements for PCE(PZT5) actuating the Glass Fiber/Epoxy laminate have been done to verify the model established. The experimental results show that the theoretical model agrees well with the practice. Finally, the effect of the main factors on PCE actuating the laminate is studied by using the experimental and theoretical results.

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of interaction between vehicle and road surfaces for 5-axle heavy truck

Based on the analysis of nonlinear geometric characteristics of the suspension systems and tires, a 3D nonlinear dynamic model of a typical heavy truck is established. The impact factors of dynamic tire loads, including the dynamic load stress factors, and the maximal and the minimal vertical dynamic load factors, are used to evaluate the dynamic interaction between heavy vehicles and roads under the condition of random road surface roughness. Matlab/Simulink is used to simulate the nonlinear dynamic system and calculate the impact factors. The effects of different road surface conditions on the safety of vehicle movement and the durability of parts of a vehicle are analyzed, as well as the effects of different structural parameters and different vehicle speeds on road surfaces. The study results provide both the warning limits of road surface roughness and the limits of corresponding dynamic parameters for the 5-axle heavy truck.

家族企业社会责任:研究述评与未来展望

在企业社会责任不断重构家族企业商业模式和可持续发展路径的背景下,家族企业的社会责任问题日益成为社会关注的热点。尽管过去十多年来学者们从多种理论视角对家族企业社会责任的前因和结果等议题展开了颇具成效的研究,但研究成果呈现出碎片化和模糊化的特征。基于此,首先区分了家族企业与非家族企业社会责任的不同内涵,明晰了家族企业社会责任的内涵与特征;其次,整合并评述了不同理论视角下家族企业社会责任的行为动因,并系统归纳了家族企业社会责任的影响效应,在此基础上构建了家族企业社会责任研究的逻辑框架;最后,对家族企业社会责任的未来研究方向进行了展望。

Degradation of chlorothalonil by ultrasonic irradiation:Kinetics and impact factors

Factors on degradation of chlorothalonil(CLT) in water by high frequency ultrasonic irradiation were investigated.The effects of initial concentration of chlorothalonil,dosages of tertiary butyl alcohol,humic acid and initial pH value on degradation of chlorothalonil,as well as the reaction mechanism were studied.The results reveal that chlorothalonil could be effectively degradated by ultrasonic irradiation.The reaction constant value kapp decreased from 0.014 1 to 0.010 2 min-1 with the initial concentration increasing from 50 to 400 μg/L during 180 min irradiation.Tertiary butyl alcohol had negative effect on chlorothalonil degradation,while lower concentration of humic acid promoted the sonolysis,and kapp declined with the further concentration increasing.The kapp varied little when the pH value ranged from 3.10 to 10.28.It may be concluded that mechanical and pyrolysis process played main roles on the degradation of chlorothalonil in ultrasonic irradiation rather than ·OH attack.The electrical energy per order(EEo) values for sonolysis degradation of CLT were also calculated to evaluate the cost of the process.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON EFFECTS OF INITIAL JOINTS ON SURFACE DISPLACEMENT DUE TO COAL MINING

Surface displacement caused by underground coal mining is influenced by many factors such as the depth and thickness of the coal seam and joints in overburben rocks. Extensive efforts have been devoted to the ground surface displacement. Nevertheless, the joints have not been taken into consideration for a long time. In fact, there exist numerous joints and cracks in rocks.As a result, the joints in overburden rocks have to be taken into account. The joints in rocks can be treated as initial damage theoretically. In this paper, two kinds of physical model, one containing no initial joints and anotber containing some initial joints, are employed to systematically investigate effecs of initial joints on surface subsidence. Moreover, within the framework of damage mechanics, the statistical relationships between the characteristic value for surface displacement and damage variable are obtained.

Quantitative analysis on influencing factors for interface propagation-based thermal conductivity measurement method during solid-liquid transition

The recently proposed interface propagation-based method has shown its advantages in obtaining the thermal conductivity of phase change materials during solid-liquid transition over conventional techniques. However, in previous investigation, the analysis on the measurement error was qualitative and only focused on the total effects on the measurement without decoupling the influencing factors. This paper discusses the effects of influencing factors on the measurement results for the interface propagation-based method. Numerical simulations were performed to explore the influencing factors, namely model simplification, subcooling and natural convection, along with their impact on the measurement process and corresponding measurement results. The numerical solutions were provided in terms of moving curves of the solid-liquid interface and the predicted values of thermal conductivity. Results indicated that the impact of simplified model was strongly dependent on Stefan number of the melting process. The degree of subcooling would lead to underestimated values for thermal conductivity prediction. The natural convection would intensify the heat transfer rate in the liquid region, thereby overestimating the obtained results of thermal conductivity. Correlations and experimental guidelines are provided. The relative errors are limited in ±1.5%,±3%and ±2% corresponding to the impact of simplified model, subcooling and natural convection, respectively.

Lewin Behavior Model-Based Study on Influence Factors of Individuals to Mobile Service Demand

How to fmd main influence factors of individuals to mobile service demand is investiga- ted. The empirical research is conducted in the sample of high-value customers in China mobile market. Based on Lewin behavior model, this pa- per establishes factors-matrix from personal and environmental dimensions. Relationships among multiple factors are tested in the structural equa- tion model and their impacts on customers＇ de- mands are elaborated. Findings indicate that opera- tional convenience and business brand image have significant effects on sample users＇ demands. Fur- thermore, annual income, gender, occupation, the needs of access to information and the needs of enriching and improving social relationships are al- so important factors for high-value users. The re- suits may provide further insights into mobile service demand and the model can be popularized to other behavior researches.

A dynamic analysis of water footprint of Jinghe River basin

Water footprint in a region is defined as the volume of water needed for the production of goods and services consumed by the local people, Ecosystem services are a kind of important services, so ecological water use is one necessary component in water footprint. Water footprint is divided into green water footprint and blue water footprint but the former one is often ignored.In this paper waterJootprint includes blue water needed by agricultural irrigation, industrial and domestic water demand, and green water needed by crops, economic forests, livestock prochtcts, forestlalands and grasslands. The study calculates the footprint of the Jinghe River basin in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 with quarto methods. Results of research show that water footprints reached 164.1 ×10^8m3, 175. 69 ×10^8m3 and 178. 45 ×10^8m3 respectively in 1990, 1995 and 2000 including that of ecological water use, but reached 77.68×10^8m3, 94.24×10^8m3, 92.92×10^8m3 and 111.36 ×10^8m3 respectively excluding that of ecological water use. Green water.footprint is much more than blue water footprint; thereby, green water plays an important role in economic development and ecological construction The dynamic change of water footprints shows that blue water use increases rapidly and that the ecological water use is occupied by economie and domestic water use. The change also shows that water use is transferred from primary industry to secondary industry In primary industry, it is transferred from crops farming to forestry, and animal agriculture. The factors impelling the change include development anticipation on econonomy; government policies, readjustment of the industrial structure, population growth, the raise of urbanization level, and structurul change of consumption, low level of waler-saving and poor ability of waste water treatment.With blue water use per unit, green water use per unit, blue water use structure and green water use structure, we analyzed the difference of the six ecologieal function districts of the Jinghe River basin. Future ecological construction may influence on blue water use of District V and District Ⅵ at middle and lower reaches. At last some suggestions are given for effective water resouree use.

Support-surrounding rock relationship and top-coal movement laws in large dip angle fully-mechanized caving face

When mining the fully-mechanized longwall caving face along strike, the unstable equipment, the low top-coal recovery ratio and the difficulty in controlling surrounding rock may occur due to large dip angle. Considering the effects of strike angle on support stability, the ‘‘support-surrounding rock"mechanical models of support topple and support slip were established in this paper. On the basis, the influencing factors of support stability were analyzed and the technical measures of controlling support and surrounding rock stability were put forward. Then the loose particles simulation experiment was conducted to analyze the impacts of caving directions and methods on the top-coal recovery in large dip angle fully-mechanized caving face. Finally, the ‘‘upward sequence and double-openings doublerounds" caving technology was determined. The research results are of great scientific significance and practical values to improve large dip thick seam mining technology.

In Vitro Lethal Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Its Major Influencing Factors

OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vitro lethal effect of photo- dynamic therapy （PDT） using the photosensitizer hematoporphyrin on the human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1, the major influencing factors and the mechanisms of treatment. METHODS Three factors--the time needed for photosensitizer and cell incubation, the photosensitizer concentration （PhoC） and the exposure dose （ExpD）--were examined with different levels of these factors. Optical density （OD） was used as a measure of CCK-8 in the experiment, and was converted to the rate of cell survival. The separate effect of each factor on the photodynamic action was studied, and the interactions were investigated. The effects of different incubation times and PhoC levels on the fluorescence intensity （FI） of the intracellular photosensitizer were determined, and the mechanisms of these factors leading to the therapeutic effects of PDT discussed. RESULTS An increase in the photosensitizer and cell incubation time, an increase of PhoC, and enhancement of the ExpD, produced a corresponding decrease in the rate of Panc-1 cell survival after PDT （P 〈 0.05）. PDT achieved its maximum lethal effects 16 h after starting the incubation, with a PhoC of 10 mg/L and an ExpD of 20 J/cm2; at these levels a synergistic interaction between PhoC and the ExpD occurred, decreasing the cell survival rate （P 〈 0.05）. Neither simple administration of photosensitizer without ExpD （0 J/cm2） or illumination in the absence of PhoC （0 mg/L） affected the rate of cell survival （P 〉 0.05）. With an increase of PhoC and lengthening of the incubation time, the FI of the intracellular photosensitizer accordingly increased （P 〈 0.05）, and attained its maximum value at a PhoC of 10 mg/L and 36 h after the incubation. With an increase of PhoC, the FI of the photosensitizer, hematoporphyrin, in the solution increased progressively at first and then decreased （fluorescence quenching）. CONCLUSION PDT with the photosensitizer hematoporphyrin has clear lethal effects on the human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1, but the presence of a photosensitizer and laser irradiation by themselves do not have independent lethal effects. The three influencing factors--the time for photosensitizer and cell incuba- tion, PhoC and ExpD--correlate positively with the PDT response, within certain limits. Beyond these limits, the PDT response does not significantly increase. The main mechanism of the PDT response lies in the effect of these factors on the level of the intracellular photosensitizer and the fluorescence quenching of the photosensitizer. A synergistic effect exists between PhoC and ExpD.