通过对世界3大顶尖刊物《Science》、《Nature》及《Proceeding of National Academy of Science》(PANS)近5年的土地变化及其有关重要论文检索与归纳,并在参阅了其他有关重要期刊后,简要回顾了由土地利用或覆盖变化(LUCC)研究到土地变...通过对世界3大顶尖刊物《Science》、《Nature》及《Proceeding of National Academy of Science》(PANS)近5年的土地变化及其有关重要论文检索与归纳,并在参阅了其他有关重要期刊后,简要回顾了由土地利用或覆盖变化(LUCC)研究到土地变化科学(land change science,LCS)的产生过程,特别提出了因全球变化研究而发现土地变化重要性是LCS产生的科学原因.随后,提出了当前土地变化科学的重要研究领域——可持续性影响评估(sustainability impact assessment,SIA),并指出跨学科、创新地认识土地利用的生态、社会、经济等多功能(MLUs),且以土地利用多功能(LUFs)概念为框架,定量构建综合SIA评价指标体系的核心研究趋势.展开更多
Strategic environment assessment (SEA) and ecosystem health are two new ideas on environmental management. On the basis of reviewing some relevant literature, this paper made discussions on the ecological sustainabili...Strategic environment assessment (SEA) and ecosystem health are two new ideas on environmental management. On the basis of reviewing some relevant literature, this paper made discussions on the ecological sustainability target of SEA, the content of ecosystem health as well as the interrelations between SEA and ecosystem health. For a good SEA, its ecological sustainability principles should be provided with distinct content and a general assessment system. A framework for ecosystem health assessment was established according to the content of ecosystem health, and combined into SEA as SEA抯 ecological sustainability target, we can effectively guide decision-makers to make suitable indigenous means and local solutions. , The basic principles and procedure of SEA for ecosystem health are also discussed in the paper.展开更多
The Poyang Lake is one of the most frequently flooded areas in China. Understanding the changing characteristics of floods as well as the affecting factors is an important prerequisite of flood disaster prevention and...The Poyang Lake is one of the most frequently flooded areas in China. Understanding the changing characteristics of floods as well as the affecting factors is an important prerequisite of flood disaster prevention and mitigation. The present study identified the characteristics variations of historical floods in the Poyang Lake and their tendencies based on the Mann-Kendall(M-K) test, and also investigated the related affecting factors, both from climate and human activities. The results revealed that the highest flood stages, duration as well as hazard coefficient of floods showed a long-term increasing linear trend during the last 60 years with the M-K statistic of 1.49, 1.60 and 1.50, respectively. And, a slightly increasing linear trend in the timing of the highest stages indicated the floods occurred later and later during the last six decades. The rainfall during the flood season and subsequent discharges of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River and runoff from the Poyang Lake Basin were mainly responsible for the severe flood situation in the Poyang Lake in the 1990 s. In addition, the intensive human activities, including land reclamation and levee construction, also played a supplementary role in increasing severity of major floods. While, the fewer floods in the Poyang Lake after 2000 can be attributed to not only the less rainfall over the Poyang Lake Basin and low discharges of the Changjiang River during flood periods, but also the stronger influences of human activity which increased the floodwater storage of the Poyang Lake than before.展开更多
文摘通过对世界3大顶尖刊物《Science》、《Nature》及《Proceeding of National Academy of Science》(PANS)近5年的土地变化及其有关重要论文检索与归纳,并在参阅了其他有关重要期刊后,简要回顾了由土地利用或覆盖变化(LUCC)研究到土地变化科学(land change science,LCS)的产生过程,特别提出了因全球变化研究而发现土地变化重要性是LCS产生的科学原因.随后,提出了当前土地变化科学的重要研究领域——可持续性影响评估(sustainability impact assessment,SIA),并指出跨学科、创新地认识土地利用的生态、社会、经济等多功能(MLUs),且以土地利用多功能(LUFs)概念为框架,定量构建综合SIA评价指标体系的核心研究趋势.
文摘Strategic environment assessment (SEA) and ecosystem health are two new ideas on environmental management. On the basis of reviewing some relevant literature, this paper made discussions on the ecological sustainability target of SEA, the content of ecosystem health as well as the interrelations between SEA and ecosystem health. For a good SEA, its ecological sustainability principles should be provided with distinct content and a general assessment system. A framework for ecosystem health assessment was established according to the content of ecosystem health, and combined into SEA as SEA抯 ecological sustainability target, we can effectively guide decision-makers to make suitable indigenous means and local solutions. , The basic principles and procedure of SEA for ecosystem health are also discussed in the paper.
基金Under the auspices of National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB417003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41101024)
文摘The Poyang Lake is one of the most frequently flooded areas in China. Understanding the changing characteristics of floods as well as the affecting factors is an important prerequisite of flood disaster prevention and mitigation. The present study identified the characteristics variations of historical floods in the Poyang Lake and their tendencies based on the Mann-Kendall(M-K) test, and also investigated the related affecting factors, both from climate and human activities. The results revealed that the highest flood stages, duration as well as hazard coefficient of floods showed a long-term increasing linear trend during the last 60 years with the M-K statistic of 1.49, 1.60 and 1.50, respectively. And, a slightly increasing linear trend in the timing of the highest stages indicated the floods occurred later and later during the last six decades. The rainfall during the flood season and subsequent discharges of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River and runoff from the Poyang Lake Basin were mainly responsible for the severe flood situation in the Poyang Lake in the 1990 s. In addition, the intensive human activities, including land reclamation and levee construction, also played a supplementary role in increasing severity of major floods. While, the fewer floods in the Poyang Lake after 2000 can be attributed to not only the less rainfall over the Poyang Lake Basin and low discharges of the Changjiang River during flood periods, but also the stronger influences of human activity which increased the floodwater storage of the Poyang Lake than before.
