Ray casting algorithm can obtain a better quality image in volume rendering, however, it exists some problems, such as powerful computing capacity and slow rendering speed. How to improve the re-sampled speed is a key...Ray casting algorithm can obtain a better quality image in volume rendering, however, it exists some problems, such as powerful computing capacity and slow rendering speed. How to improve the re-sampled speed is a key to speed up the ray casting algorithm. An algorithm is introduced to reduce matrix computation by matrix transformation characteristics of re-sampling points in a two coordinate system. The projection of 3-D datasets on image plane is adopted to reduce the number of rays. Utilizing boundary box technique avoids the sampling in empty voxel. By extending the Bresenham algorithm to three dimensions, each re-sampling point is calculated. Experimental results show that a two to three-fold improvement in rendering speed using the optimized algorithm, and the similar image quality to traditional algorithm can be achieved. The optimized algorithm can produce the required quality images, thus reducing the total operations and speeding up the volume rendering.展开更多
Literally and figuratively, video art is not viewed in the same way as traditional forms of art. It is often relegated off to its own room or comer of a gallery, and when we see video, we think of film and conjure the...Literally and figuratively, video art is not viewed in the same way as traditional forms of art. It is often relegated off to its own room or comer of a gallery, and when we see video, we think of film and conjure the idea of passively viewing a story with a set beginning, middle, and end. This is reinforced by the fact that most video art has a playing time listed or is viewed in a darkened room in the same way as one would view a movie. Alternately, once a painting is hung, the artist is no longer in control of the way it is viewing the story. The viewer now determines the time and narrative. This paper looks at a new way of expressing video art by analyzing the installation ＂The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse＂. The animations that are part of the installation are edited as the viewer is experiencing it in an attempt to approximate how we view a painting. Finally, the impact of the installation is compared to a short film created from the same footage; this time, it is viewed in a dark room with the artist in control of how the story unfolds.展开更多
In that orcharding in early to mid twentieth century southeastern Australia involved use of certain heavy metal and As compounds in regular pest control spray procedures, some interest attaches to the possibility that...In that orcharding in early to mid twentieth century southeastern Australia involved use of certain heavy metal and As compounds in regular pest control spray procedures, some interest attaches to the possibility that these landparcels are underlain by soils with above background Cu, Pb and As levels. Interpretation of Land cover changes allowed land parcels previously occupied by orchards to be identified in the 1950s through time series air photos. A comparison of soil analysis results referring to soil samples from control sites, and from land parcels formerly occupied by orchardists, shows that contamination (above background) levels of cations in the pesticides can be found in the top 6 cm of former orchard soils. It is clear that digital spatial data handling and culturally informed air photo interpretation has a place in soil contamination studies, land use planning (with particular reference to re development) and in administration of public health.展开更多
Why it needs to take the initiative in the shape in the painting？ Refine images of the shape of the objective initiatively, not only can enhance the artistic appeal and creators emotions, can also highlight the aesth...Why it needs to take the initiative in the shape in the painting？ Refine images of the shape of the objective initiatively, not only can enhance the artistic appeal and creators emotions, can also highlight the aesthetic orientation creators to make their paintings to impress the audience and resonate, so works of art have a higher aesthetic value. Similarly, in the entire animation movie, animation character modeling also has an important position, and a good cartoon must have a good role model to fully convey the story and character. This article attempts to analyze the shape of the image of the Disney animated start, make deep analysis on necessity of initiative modeling in the art of painting and development of initiative modeling, to enhance the performance of artists and diverse personality development, which is a requirement of modem art, but also the law of development of the arts.展开更多
Identification and classification, as well as mapping of marine habitats, are of primary importance to plan management activities, especially in disturbed ecosystems like the ones in the marine areas of Bahrain. Remot...Identification and classification, as well as mapping of marine habitats, are of primary importance to plan management activities, especially in disturbed ecosystems like the ones in the marine areas of Bahrain. Remotely sensed Landsat-8 imagery coupled with field survey was used to identify, classify and map the benthic habitats in Bahrain marine area. The used geospatial techniques include advanced image processing procedures, which comprise of radiometric and atmospheric corrections, sun glint removal, water depth correction and image classification. Extensive ground-truthing analyses through in-situ field surveys by a team of scuba divers were conducted in October 2014 and June 2015 to inform and refine the classifications. The variables collected from this survey included physical and chemical characteristics of the water, habitat type, substrata, fauna and flora. A total of 176 field points were collected and utilized to perform an accurate assessment of the image classification. Initial habitat classification resulted in 20 habitat categories. However, due to the inability of the Landsat-8 sensors to accurately discriminate that level of classification, categories were merged into seven classes. The derived map shows that the benthic marine habitats of Bahrain consist of deep water （2,523 km2）, rock （1,738 km2）, sand （1,191 km2）, deep water/sand （1,006 km2）, algae （922 km2）, seagrass （591 km2） and corals （275.50 km2）. Although limited by the spatial and spectral resolutions of Landsat 8, the used methods produced a suitable map of the benthic habitats within the marine area of Bahrain with an overall accuracy of 84.1%. The use of very high spatial resolution satellite imagery will most likely increase such accuracy significantly.展开更多
Most existing classification studies use spectral information and those were adequate for cities or plains. This paper explores classification method suitable for the ALOS （Advanced Land Observing Satellite） in moun...Most existing classification studies use spectral information and those were adequate for cities or plains. This paper explores classification method suitable for the ALOS （Advanced Land Observing Satellite） in mountainous terrain. Mountainous terrain mapping using ALOS image faces numerous challenges. These include spectral confusion with other land cover features, topographic effects on spectral signatures （such as shadow）. At first, topographic radiometric correction was carried out to remove the illumination effects of topography. In addition to spectral features, texture features were used to assist classification in this paper. And texture features extracted based on GLCM （Gray Level Co- occurrence Matrix） were not only used for segmentation, but also used for building rules. The performance of the method was evaluated and compared with Maximum Likelihood Classification （MLC）. Results showed that the object-oriented method integrating spectral and texture features has achieved overall accuracy of 85.73% with a kappa coefficient of 0.824, which is 13.48% and o.145 respectively higher than that got by MLC method. It indicated that texture features can significantly improve overall accuracy, kappa coefficient, and the classification precision of existing spectrum confusion features. Object-oriented method Integrating spectral and texture features is suitable for land use extraction of ALOS image in mountainous terrain.展开更多
文摘Ray casting algorithm can obtain a better quality image in volume rendering, however, it exists some problems, such as powerful computing capacity and slow rendering speed. How to improve the re-sampled speed is a key to speed up the ray casting algorithm. An algorithm is introduced to reduce matrix computation by matrix transformation characteristics of re-sampling points in a two coordinate system. The projection of 3-D datasets on image plane is adopted to reduce the number of rays. Utilizing boundary box technique avoids the sampling in empty voxel. By extending the Bresenham algorithm to three dimensions, each re-sampling point is calculated. Experimental results show that a two to three-fold improvement in rendering speed using the optimized algorithm, and the similar image quality to traditional algorithm can be achieved. The optimized algorithm can produce the required quality images, thus reducing the total operations and speeding up the volume rendering.
文摘Literally and figuratively, video art is not viewed in the same way as traditional forms of art. It is often relegated off to its own room or comer of a gallery, and when we see video, we think of film and conjure the idea of passively viewing a story with a set beginning, middle, and end. This is reinforced by the fact that most video art has a playing time listed or is viewed in a darkened room in the same way as one would view a movie. Alternately, once a painting is hung, the artist is no longer in control of the way it is viewing the story. The viewer now determines the time and narrative. This paper looks at a new way of expressing video art by analyzing the installation ＂The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse＂. The animations that are part of the installation are edited as the viewer is experiencing it in an attempt to approximate how we view a painting. Finally, the impact of the installation is compared to a short film created from the same footage; this time, it is viewed in a dark room with the artist in control of how the story unfolds.
文摘In that orcharding in early to mid twentieth century southeastern Australia involved use of certain heavy metal and As compounds in regular pest control spray procedures, some interest attaches to the possibility that these landparcels are underlain by soils with above background Cu, Pb and As levels. Interpretation of Land cover changes allowed land parcels previously occupied by orchards to be identified in the 1950s through time series air photos. A comparison of soil analysis results referring to soil samples from control sites, and from land parcels formerly occupied by orchardists, shows that contamination (above background) levels of cations in the pesticides can be found in the top 6 cm of former orchard soils. It is clear that digital spatial data handling and culturally informed air photo interpretation has a place in soil contamination studies, land use planning (with particular reference to re development) and in administration of public health.
文摘Why it needs to take the initiative in the shape in the painting？ Refine images of the shape of the objective initiatively, not only can enhance the artistic appeal and creators emotions, can also highlight the aesthetic orientation creators to make their paintings to impress the audience and resonate, so works of art have a higher aesthetic value. Similarly, in the entire animation movie, animation character modeling also has an important position, and a good cartoon must have a good role model to fully convey the story and character. This article attempts to analyze the shape of the image of the Disney animated start, make deep analysis on necessity of initiative modeling in the art of painting and development of initiative modeling, to enhance the performance of artists and diverse personality development, which is a requirement of modem art, but also the law of development of the arts.
文摘Identification and classification, as well as mapping of marine habitats, are of primary importance to plan management activities, especially in disturbed ecosystems like the ones in the marine areas of Bahrain. Remotely sensed Landsat-8 imagery coupled with field survey was used to identify, classify and map the benthic habitats in Bahrain marine area. The used geospatial techniques include advanced image processing procedures, which comprise of radiometric and atmospheric corrections, sun glint removal, water depth correction and image classification. Extensive ground-truthing analyses through in-situ field surveys by a team of scuba divers were conducted in October 2014 and June 2015 to inform and refine the classifications. The variables collected from this survey included physical and chemical characteristics of the water, habitat type, substrata, fauna and flora. A total of 176 field points were collected and utilized to perform an accurate assessment of the image classification. Initial habitat classification resulted in 20 habitat categories. However, due to the inability of the Landsat-8 sensors to accurately discriminate that level of classification, categories were merged into seven classes. The derived map shows that the benthic marine habitats of Bahrain consist of deep water （2,523 km2）, rock （1,738 km2）, sand （1,191 km2）, deep water/sand （1,006 km2）, algae （922 km2）, seagrass （591 km2） and corals （275.50 km2）. Although limited by the spatial and spectral resolutions of Landsat 8, the used methods produced a suitable map of the benthic habitats within the marine area of Bahrain with an overall accuracy of 84.1%. The use of very high spatial resolution satellite imagery will most likely increase such accuracy significantly.
基金supported jointly by Key Laboratory of Geo-special Information Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources (Grant No. KLGSIT2013-12)Knowledge Innovation Program (Grant No. KSCX1-YW-09-01) of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Most existing classification studies use spectral information and those were adequate for cities or plains. This paper explores classification method suitable for the ALOS （Advanced Land Observing Satellite） in mountainous terrain. Mountainous terrain mapping using ALOS image faces numerous challenges. These include spectral confusion with other land cover features, topographic effects on spectral signatures （such as shadow）. At first, topographic radiometric correction was carried out to remove the illumination effects of topography. In addition to spectral features, texture features were used to assist classification in this paper. And texture features extracted based on GLCM （Gray Level Co- occurrence Matrix） were not only used for segmentation, but also used for building rules. The performance of the method was evaluated and compared with Maximum Likelihood Classification （MLC）. Results showed that the object-oriented method integrating spectral and texture features has achieved overall accuracy of 85.73% with a kappa coefficient of 0.824, which is 13.48% and o.145 respectively higher than that got by MLC method. It indicated that texture features can significantly improve overall accuracy, kappa coefficient, and the classification precision of existing spectrum confusion features. Object-oriented method Integrating spectral and texture features is suitable for land use extraction of ALOS image in mountainous terrain.
