This article considers "good" teachers in the context of current developments in universities in China to reach a "gold standard" of considerably higher and more challenging levels of teaching and ...This article considers "good" teachers in the context of current developments in universities in China to reach a "gold standard" of considerably higher and more challenging levels of teaching and learning. We outline this context and consider concepts of good teachers in classical Chinese traditions and more recent Western thinking as a possible dialogue within and between cultures of learning. Using cognitive and cultural linguistic perspectives, we analyze metaphorical concepts of "gold" in "the gold standard" as related to teachers. We report our applied metaphor research which analyzes Chinese students’ expectations, values and beliefs about good university language teachers;this presents a rich picture beyond developing knowledge, skills and understanding to include strong social and moral characteristics. Other aspects which recognize the complexity of "good" teachers show a student appreciation of teachers’ tireless effort, devotion and selfless sacrifice: these aspects are absent in many discussions of good teachers. The participant-centered picture from elicited metaphor analysis is part of students’ "cultures of learning," but this should be developed culturally for the gold standard through further teacher development and student engagement. In line with interaction in cultures of learning, we indicate some classroom ways to extend students’ thinking through scaffolding teacher-student interaction based on textbook activities.展开更多
Classification of energy efficiency system for agricultural heater was discussed and analyzed in order to derive an energy efficiency classification scheme for agricultural heater. Current practices of energy efficien...Classification of energy efficiency system for agricultural heater was discussed and analyzed in order to derive an energy efficiency classification scheme for agricultural heater. Current practices of energy efficiency programs for other products such as residential gas boiler were investigated and analyzed. Test items including energy efficiency and standby power for agricultural heater were analyzed. With the data of residential gas boiler, grade distribution of energy efficiency system was made and evaluated. An energy efficiency classification scheme for agricultural heater was proposed and applied to agricultural heaters, and the scheme was justified. Introducing a new energy efficiency classification system to the agricultural heater industry, it is expected that considerable amount of fossil fuels can be reduced by adopting energy efficiency classification system.展开更多
文摘This article considers "good" teachers in the context of current developments in universities in China to reach a "gold standard" of considerably higher and more challenging levels of teaching and learning. We outline this context and consider concepts of good teachers in classical Chinese traditions and more recent Western thinking as a possible dialogue within and between cultures of learning. Using cognitive and cultural linguistic perspectives, we analyze metaphorical concepts of "gold" in "the gold standard" as related to teachers. We report our applied metaphor research which analyzes Chinese students’ expectations, values and beliefs about good university language teachers;this presents a rich picture beyond developing knowledge, skills and understanding to include strong social and moral characteristics. Other aspects which recognize the complexity of "good" teachers show a student appreciation of teachers’ tireless effort, devotion and selfless sacrifice: these aspects are absent in many discussions of good teachers. The participant-centered picture from elicited metaphor analysis is part of students’ "cultures of learning," but this should be developed culturally for the gold standard through further teacher development and student engagement. In line with interaction in cultures of learning, we indicate some classroom ways to extend students’ thinking through scaffolding teacher-student interaction based on textbook activities.
文摘Classification of energy efficiency system for agricultural heater was discussed and analyzed in order to derive an energy efficiency classification scheme for agricultural heater. Current practices of energy efficiency programs for other products such as residential gas boiler were investigated and analyzed. Test items including energy efficiency and standby power for agricultural heater were analyzed. With the data of residential gas boiler, grade distribution of energy efficiency system was made and evaluated. An energy efficiency classification scheme for agricultural heater was proposed and applied to agricultural heaters, and the scheme was justified. Introducing a new energy efficiency classification system to the agricultural heater industry, it is expected that considerable amount of fossil fuels can be reduced by adopting energy efficiency classification system.
