低阶循环统计量应用广泛,取得了很好的研究成果,但对噪声的抑制效果较差;高阶循环统计量虽能完全抑制高斯噪声的影响,能处理循环平稳、非线性、非高斯过程,但计算量大;循环自相关函数切片谱图能够提取出调制频率,但在较大噪声干扰时效...低阶循环统计量应用广泛,取得了很好的研究成果,但对噪声的抑制效果较差;高阶循环统计量虽能完全抑制高斯噪声的影响,能处理循环平稳、非线性、非高斯过程,但计算量大;循环自相关函数切片谱图能够提取出调制频率,但在较大噪声干扰时效果不明显。为在更低信噪比情况下,采用更快速方法提取出循环平稳信号的特征频率,采用循环双谱的载波频率切片谱提取所需频率。通过Matlab仿真和实验对比研究,发现在信噪比为-15 d B时,循环双谱的载波频率切片谱能直观表达出分析结果。展开更多
Methanol to olefins(MTO)reaction as an important non-oil route to produce light olefins has been industrialized,and received over 80% ethylene plus propylene selectivity.However,to achieve high single ethylene or prop...Methanol to olefins(MTO)reaction as an important non-oil route to produce light olefins has been industrialized,and received over 80% ethylene plus propylene selectivity.However,to achieve high single ethylene or propylene selectivity towards the fluctuated market demand is still full of challenge.Small-pore SAPO-14 molecular sieve is a rare MTO catalyst exhibiting extra-high propylene selectivity.It provides us a valuable clue for further understanding of the relationship between molecular sieve structure and MTO catalytic performance.In this work,a seconds-level sampling fixed-bed reactor was used to capture real-time product distributions,which help to achieve more selectivity data in response to very short catalytic life of SAPO-14.Changes in product distribution,especially during the low activity stage,reflect valuable information on the reaction pathway.Combined with in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy,in situ ultraviolet Raman measurements and ^(12)C/^(13)C isotopic switch experiments,a reaction pathway evolution from dual cycle to olefins-based cycle dominant was revealed.In addition,the deactivation behaviors of SAPO-14 were also investigated,which revealed that polymethylbenzenes have been the deactivated species in such a situation.This work provides helpful hints on the development of characteristic methanol to propylene(MTP)catalysts.展开更多
M-ary spread spectrum technique has been found wide applications in wireless communications, but it needs too many orthogonal spreading codes and its despreading/demodulation is quite complex computationally, which li...M-ary spread spectrum technique has been found wide applications in wireless communications, but it needs too many orthogonal spreading codes and its despreading/demodulation is quite complex computationally, which limit its wider applications. This paper proposes a novel scheme for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) communication systems based on M-ary spread spectrum, where only one prototype spreading code is assigned to each user and the codes for different users are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal with each other. The M spreading codes of each user to represent K bits data are generated by circularly shifting the assigned code and reversing its polarity. The spreading codes generated like that are called as BiOrthogonal Cyclic Codes (BOCCs). At the receiver of the system, a transform domain matched-filter implemented by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is employed to despread and demodulate the received signals, which has very low computational complexity. The results of simulation experiments and bit-error performance analysis show that the proposed scheme is practical and very useful in many cases.展开更多
文摘低阶循环统计量应用广泛,取得了很好的研究成果,但对噪声的抑制效果较差;高阶循环统计量虽能完全抑制高斯噪声的影响,能处理循环平稳、非线性、非高斯过程,但计算量大;循环自相关函数切片谱图能够提取出调制频率,但在较大噪声干扰时效果不明显。为在更低信噪比情况下,采用更快速方法提取出循环平稳信号的特征频率,采用循环双谱的载波频率切片谱提取所需频率。通过Matlab仿真和实验对比研究,发现在信噪比为-15 d B时,循环双谱的载波频率切片谱能直观表达出分析结果。
文摘Methanol to olefins(MTO)reaction as an important non-oil route to produce light olefins has been industrialized,and received over 80% ethylene plus propylene selectivity.However,to achieve high single ethylene or propylene selectivity towards the fluctuated market demand is still full of challenge.Small-pore SAPO-14 molecular sieve is a rare MTO catalyst exhibiting extra-high propylene selectivity.It provides us a valuable clue for further understanding of the relationship between molecular sieve structure and MTO catalytic performance.In this work,a seconds-level sampling fixed-bed reactor was used to capture real-time product distributions,which help to achieve more selectivity data in response to very short catalytic life of SAPO-14.Changes in product distribution,especially during the low activity stage,reflect valuable information on the reaction pathway.Combined with in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy,in situ ultraviolet Raman measurements and ^(12)C/^(13)C isotopic switch experiments,a reaction pathway evolution from dual cycle to olefins-based cycle dominant was revealed.In addition,the deactivation behaviors of SAPO-14 were also investigated,which revealed that polymethylbenzenes have been the deactivated species in such a situation.This work provides helpful hints on the development of characteristic methanol to propylene(MTP)catalysts.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60172029).
文摘M-ary spread spectrum technique has been found wide applications in wireless communications, but it needs too many orthogonal spreading codes and its despreading/demodulation is quite complex computationally, which limit its wider applications. This paper proposes a novel scheme for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) communication systems based on M-ary spread spectrum, where only one prototype spreading code is assigned to each user and the codes for different users are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal with each other. The M spreading codes of each user to represent K bits data are generated by circularly shifting the assigned code and reversing its polarity. The spreading codes generated like that are called as BiOrthogonal Cyclic Codes (BOCCs). At the receiver of the system, a transform domain matched-filter implemented by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is employed to despread and demodulate the received signals, which has very low computational complexity. The results of simulation experiments and bit-error performance analysis show that the proposed scheme is practical and very useful in many cases.
