ESPERO与ORION接头循环评析

ESPERO自动络筒机与ORION自动络筒机是意大利萨维奥的两代产品 ,其不同之一在于两者接头循环的机械和电器控制大有不同。

钻井液连续循环钻井技术及自动化装备设计

钻井施工中,拆装钻杆需中止钻井液循环,但钻井液循环中止会导致孔内岩屑下沉、钻井液当量循环密度浮动变化,进而影响孔内安全。为避免上述情况的发生,钻井液不间断循环钻井技术的构想被提出。通过连续循环系统或连续循环接头进行钻井液分流,避开钻杆拆装部分,维持井内的钻井液循环,稳定钻井液当量循环密度。针对该技术原理,提出了一种自动化的钻井液不间断循环井口设备,通过背钳、自动钻井液切换系统和传扭动力卡瓦的配合,可实现钻井中拆卸、接装单根时钻井液不间断循环,有效避免因钻井液静置、沉砂过多导致的钻孔安全问题。

分级注水泥技术的改进与应用

在水平井筛管顶部注水泥完井过程中,会出现分级箍提前打开或打不开等问题。为此,在分析问题原因的基础上,研制了分级箍插入密封、打开插头及特殊的循环接头,并对分级箍的结构进行改进,配合改进的施工工艺,可有效解决上述问题。在草27-平2井运用插入密封后,胀封、固井施工过程顺利,总占井时间仅12 h,将分级箍提前打开造成的损失降到了最低,获得了很好的经济效益,至今未出现分级箍打不开的情况。

连续油管过油管射孔在渤海的应用

本文介绍了一种采用连续油管输送射孔枪，从井口通过连续油管加压点火射孔的方法。这种作业方法尤其适用于大斜度井和水平井的射孔或补孔作业。

Void damage evolution of LF6 aluminum alloy welded joints under external load and thermal cycling conditions

Based on the simulated aerospace thermal cycling tests,the effect of thermal cycle on the void damage evolution mechanism of LF6 aluminum alloy welded joint was investigated.The results show that micro-voids form around the second phase particles under the thermal cycling tests.The thermal stress coupled with external stress leads to dislocations pile-up around the particles,and when the dislocation density reaches a certain degree,the stress concentration will exceed the bonding strength at the interface between particles and matrix,resulting in the formation of micro-cracks.The numerical simulation is successfully implemented with the finite element to describe the void damage evolution of the welded joint under thermal cycling conditions.

Closure behavior of rock joint under dynamic loading

The normal compression tests on intact samples and artificial joints with different saw-tooth shape under cyclic loading and half-sine waves of different frequencies were performed by using Instron1342 servo-controlled material testing machine. The specimens were made artificially with mortar. The loading frequency ranged from 0.005 Hz to 0.1 Hz. The experimental results show that joint closure curves are non-linear and concave up. The stress-deformation curves under cyclic loading exhibit hysteresis and permanent set that diminish rapidly and keep constant finally on successive cycles. Normal displacement successively decreases from the joint J1 to J2, to J3 under the same normal loads regardless of frequency. Considering the loading frequency effect, normal displacement of joint J1 decreases with increasing the loading frequency except that the loading frequency is 0.05 Hz. Normal displacement of joint J2 increases with increasing the loading frequency. Normal displacement of joint J3 increases with increasing the loading frequency when the frequency ranges from 0.005 Hz to 0.05 Hz. Its normal displacement, however, becomes least when the loading frequency is 0.1 Hz.

自动络筒机工艺与电气控制

叙述了接头循环、筒子防叠、槽筒启动及张力控制等络筒工艺,说明自动络筒机的工艺与电气控制水平的提高是密不可分。

Thermal cycling behavior of alumina-graphite brazed joints in electron tube applications

Alumina was joined with graphite by active metal brazing technique at 895,900,905,and 910 ℃ for 10 min in vacuum of0.67 mPa using Ti-Cu-Ag（68.8Ag-26.7Cu-4.5Ti;mass fraction,%） as filler material.The brazed samples were thermal cycled between 30 and 600 ℃ and characterized.X-ray diffraction results show strong reaction between titanium and carbon as well as titanium and alumina.Scanning electron microscopy and helium leak tests show that the initial and thermal cycled brazed samples are devoid of cracks or anv other defects and hermeticity in nature.Brazing strength of the joints is found to be satisfactory.

Using Thermoelastic Stress Analysis to Detect Damaged and Hot Spot Areas in Structural Components

This paper discusses the suitability of using TSA （thermoelastic stress analysis） as an advanced tool to detect damaged areas and highly stressed （hot spot） areas in structural components. Such components can be, for example, parts of large structural panels built of welded metallic or composite materials. Besides detecting hot spot areas, it is expected that stresses in these areas can be suitably quantified and processed in order to predict crack initiation and propagation due to in-service loads. The paper starts with references to selected review and application articles on the subject. Two simple laboratory experiments are presented which illustrate the quality of the results that can be achieved using TSA. In the first experiment, a stainless steel T-joint designed to model a welded structural component is analysed. The T-joint had a machine-notched crack-like flaw close to the component＇s weld toe. The qualitative and quantitative experimental results determined along four specified areas of the T-joint model showed that TSA can indeed be used as a tool to detect loaded cracks and hot spots in large metallic structures, and that stresses can be accurately evaluated. In the second experiment, a prismatic bar made of CFRE （carbon fibre-reinforced-epoxy） was tested to locate three subsurface areas of damage introduced beforehand into the component. Two of these inside damaged areas were detected to be 3.1 mm and 7.1 mm from the observed surface. The positive results achieved with the two lab experiments, along with a review of the selected research publications, indicate that TSA application can be extended to the real-world field of structural components. Topics to be addressed in this research field should have to do with components that work under random or quasi-cyclic service loading, problems where adiabatic conditions do not prevail, and reduction of the cost of infra-red cameras.

可循环加压装置在浅层水平井推广应用

为了经济、有效地开发浅层稠油油藏,以使稠油热采水平井的工艺技术尽快成熟并推广应用,使水平井方式成为浅层稠油油藏经济有效开发的一种主要技术手段。而采用常规直井钻机钻浅层稠油水平井下套管、筛管,在井口实现加压就成为急需解决的问题。本文论述一套能够解决上述难题、独立、简便、可应用于各种型号钻机的可循环加压装置,该项技术以填补这一领域的技术空白。