Background: Recent experimental studies have suggested that the angiogenic cytokines hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) may play a role in the pathogenesis of congestive heart f...Background: Recent experimental studies have suggested that the angiogenic cytokines hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) may play a role in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure(CHF). The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that HGF and VEGF concentrations may vary according to the different markers of CHF severity and to analyze the impact of HGF and VEGF concentrations on the cardiovascular mortality of patients with CHF. Methods: We studied 529 consecutive patients who were referred to our center for an evaluation of left ventricular dysfunction. Hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were determined on blood samples obtained on entry into the study. Clinical follow-up(median 988 days) was obtained for 528 patients. Results: Hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were strongly associated with age, diabetes mellitus, and all markers of CHF severity; by contrast, baseline characteristics did not differ among VEGF tertiles. Cardiovascular survival rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 91%, 87%, and 80%, respectively. The survival curves indicated a worse outcome for patients with high HGF concentrations at baseline(P< .0001); by contrast, cardiovascular survival was similar across the tertiles of VEGF(P=.37). Hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were higher in the 109 patients with a cardiovascular event(1001[741-1327] pg/mL) than in the 419 patients without(773[610-1045] pg/mL, P< .0001). By multivariate analysis, a baseline HGF concentration >802 pg/mL was associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality(hazard ratio=1.85, 95%CI 1.09-3.13, P=.02); other variables retained into the final model were B-type natriuretic peptide(P< .0001), peak oxygen consumption(P=.0002), and ischemic etiology(P=.0005). Conclusions: Hepatocyte growth factor levels correlate with CHF severity and are associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality during follow-up.展开更多
双循环新发展格局是中国经济发展的战略主轴,厘清产业结构升级对双循环的影响机制,对构建新发展格局具有重要意义。本文测算我国省级双循环发展水平,利用面板回归模型分析产业结构升级对双循环的影响。研究发现:我国经济双循环发展水平...双循环新发展格局是中国经济发展的战略主轴,厘清产业结构升级对双循环的影响机制,对构建新发展格局具有重要意义。本文测算我国省级双循环发展水平,利用面板回归模型分析产业结构升级对双循环的影响。研究发现:我国经济双循环发展水平存在地区不均衡特征,国内循环发展水平较高的地区,国际循环发展水平也较高。双循环绩效呈现出的东南沿海发达地区及西北落后地区积聚特征明显,且东部沿海地区的双循环发展水平增长速度快于西部地区。产业结构升级显著提高了我国双循环发展水平,科技创新作为调节变量对产业结构升级和国内国际双循环之间的关系具有激励作用。异质性分析发现,加快产业结构升级对东部地区双循环的促进作用比西部地区大,“十三五”时期产业结构升级对双循环的促进作用强于“十二五”时期,且产业结构升级对国内经济循环的影响系数为正且显著,促进作用明显,对国际经济循环没有直接促进作用。The new development pattern of double cycle is the strategic axis of China’s economic development. It is of great significance to clarify the influence mechanism of industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle in constructing the new development pattern. In this paper, entropy method is used to measure the provincial level of double cycle development, and panel regression model is used to analyze the impact of industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle. The study found that the double cycle development level of Chinese economy is characterized by regional disequilibrium. The level of domestic cycle development is relatively high, and the level of international cycle development is also relatively high. The dual-cycle performance shows obvious spatial accumulation characteristics in the developed southeast coastal areas and the backward northwest areas, and the dual-cycle development level in the eastern coastal areas grows faster than that in the western areas. The upgrading of industrial structure has significantly raised the level of double cycle development, and the innovation of science and technology as the regulating variable has an incentive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure and the relationship between domestic and international double cycle. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of accelerating industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle in the eastern region is much greater than that in the western region, and the promotion effect of industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle in the 13th Five-Year Plan period is stronger than that in the 12th Five-Year Plan period, and the influence coefficient of industrial structure upgrading on the domestic economic cycle is positive and significant, and the promotion effect is obvious, but has no direct promotion effect on the international economic cycle.展开更多
文摘Background: Recent experimental studies have suggested that the angiogenic cytokines hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) may play a role in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure(CHF). The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that HGF and VEGF concentrations may vary according to the different markers of CHF severity and to analyze the impact of HGF and VEGF concentrations on the cardiovascular mortality of patients with CHF. Methods: We studied 529 consecutive patients who were referred to our center for an evaluation of left ventricular dysfunction. Hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were determined on blood samples obtained on entry into the study. Clinical follow-up(median 988 days) was obtained for 528 patients. Results: Hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were strongly associated with age, diabetes mellitus, and all markers of CHF severity; by contrast, baseline characteristics did not differ among VEGF tertiles. Cardiovascular survival rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 91%, 87%, and 80%, respectively. The survival curves indicated a worse outcome for patients with high HGF concentrations at baseline(P< .0001); by contrast, cardiovascular survival was similar across the tertiles of VEGF(P=.37). Hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were higher in the 109 patients with a cardiovascular event(1001[741-1327] pg/mL) than in the 419 patients without(773[610-1045] pg/mL, P< .0001). By multivariate analysis, a baseline HGF concentration >802 pg/mL was associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality(hazard ratio=1.85, 95%CI 1.09-3.13, P=.02); other variables retained into the final model were B-type natriuretic peptide(P< .0001), peak oxygen consumption(P=.0002), and ischemic etiology(P=.0005). Conclusions: Hepatocyte growth factor levels correlate with CHF severity and are associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality during follow-up.
文摘双循环新发展格局是中国经济发展的战略主轴,厘清产业结构升级对双循环的影响机制,对构建新发展格局具有重要意义。本文测算我国省级双循环发展水平,利用面板回归模型分析产业结构升级对双循环的影响。研究发现:我国经济双循环发展水平存在地区不均衡特征,国内循环发展水平较高的地区,国际循环发展水平也较高。双循环绩效呈现出的东南沿海发达地区及西北落后地区积聚特征明显,且东部沿海地区的双循环发展水平增长速度快于西部地区。产业结构升级显著提高了我国双循环发展水平,科技创新作为调节变量对产业结构升级和国内国际双循环之间的关系具有激励作用。异质性分析发现,加快产业结构升级对东部地区双循环的促进作用比西部地区大,“十三五”时期产业结构升级对双循环的促进作用强于“十二五”时期,且产业结构升级对国内经济循环的影响系数为正且显著,促进作用明显,对国际经济循环没有直接促进作用。The new development pattern of double cycle is the strategic axis of China’s economic development. It is of great significance to clarify the influence mechanism of industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle in constructing the new development pattern. In this paper, entropy method is used to measure the provincial level of double cycle development, and panel regression model is used to analyze the impact of industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle. The study found that the double cycle development level of Chinese economy is characterized by regional disequilibrium. The level of domestic cycle development is relatively high, and the level of international cycle development is also relatively high. The dual-cycle performance shows obvious spatial accumulation characteristics in the developed southeast coastal areas and the backward northwest areas, and the dual-cycle development level in the eastern coastal areas grows faster than that in the western areas. The upgrading of industrial structure has significantly raised the level of double cycle development, and the innovation of science and technology as the regulating variable has an incentive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure and the relationship between domestic and international double cycle. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of accelerating industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle in the eastern region is much greater than that in the western region, and the promotion effect of industrial structure upgrading on the double cycle in the 13th Five-Year Plan period is stronger than that in the 12th Five-Year Plan period, and the influence coefficient of industrial structure upgrading on the domestic economic cycle is positive and significant, and the promotion effect is obvious, but has no direct promotion effect on the international economic cycle.
