针对纯电动汽车动力电池健康状态(state of health,SOH)预测中非线性影响因素多、算法繁杂、难以在单片机开发平台中实现等难点,首先利用累计充电循环次数计量法得到使用循环次数,将SOH与使用循环次数、内阻变化量、电压降值的相关非线...针对纯电动汽车动力电池健康状态(state of health,SOH)预测中非线性影响因素多、算法繁杂、难以在单片机开发平台中实现等难点,首先利用累计充电循环次数计量法得到使用循环次数,将SOH与使用循环次数、内阻变化量、电压降值的相关非线性关系转换成离散的二维数据表,依据使用条件,采用二分查表法获得不同估计方法下SOH值;再将使用循环次数、电压降值和内阻变化量作为输入量,以相应SOH的权重作为输出,利用T-S模糊控制建立SOH动态预测模型,根据权重和边界条件计算得到SOH.仿真结果表明,所提方法最大预测误差4.3%,响应时间55ms内,预测效果比现有方法显著提高.展开更多
AIM: To study the prolonged colonic motility under normal conditions with a novel capsule-style microsystem and to assess its clinical significance. METHODS: A single use telemetry capsule (10 mm in diameter, 20 mm...AIM: To study the prolonged colonic motility under normal conditions with a novel capsule-style microsystem and to assess its clinical significance. METHODS: A single use telemetry capsule (10 mm in diameter, 20 mm in length) embedded with a pressure sensor was ingested by the subjects. The sensor is capable of transmitting colonic pressure wirelessly for more than 130 h. The time of capsule entering the segmental colon was detected by ultrasound. The ultrasonic electrodes were mounted on the surface of the ileocecum and navel and at the junction of the left and rectosigmoid colon of the subjects in sequence, which were identified by abdominal X-rays with radiopaque markers. To verify the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic detection of telemetry capsules at key points of colon, the segmental colonic transit time was simultaneously recorded by using radiopaque markers. RESULTS: The signal lamp showed that all recorders could receive the radio signal transmitted by the telemetry capsule. The X-rays showed that all telemetry capsules were detected successfully when they were passing through the key points of colon. There was a significant correlation between the transit results obtained by ultrasonic detection or by radiopaque markers. Colorectal recording was obtained from 20 healthy subjects during 613 h (411 h during waking, 202 h during sleep). Compared to waking, the number of pressure contractions and the area under pressure contractions were significantly (P 〈 0.05) decreased during sleep (21 ± 5 h^-vs 15 ± 4 h1, 463 ± 54 mmHg·/min vs 342 ± 45 mmHg·/min). The colonic motility exhibited significant regional variations both in the circadian behavior and in response to waking and meal. CONCLUSION: The capsule-style micro-system is reliable and noninvasive, and may represent a useful tool for the study of physiology and pathology of colonic motor disorders.展开更多
This article discusses the physical principles to be considered in a thermodynamic engineering solar system running under operational control algorithms designed to minimize entropy rates. The proposed plant is based ...This article discusses the physical principles to be considered in a thermodynamic engineering solar system running under operational control algorithms designed to minimize entropy rates. The proposed plant is based on scientific foundations established by thermodynamics and classical field theory, and empirical disciplines that deal with properties of chemical elements and with technologies of calorific capture from remote sources. The gauge principle was applied in theoretical formalization as an essential tool in the control background of the entropy rates involved. The industrial system presented was planned to recycle condensed matter within the scope of a solid waste management policy.展开更多
Aims Global change may cause unparalleled supplies of soil nutrients and further lead to stoichiometric imbalance of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in terrestrial plants.While previous studies had reported the effects of...Aims Global change may cause unparalleled supplies of soil nutrients and further lead to stoichiometric imbalance of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in terrestrial plants.While previous studies had reported the effects of global change factors on plant N,P contents and their ratios,few had examined whether or how these factors may influence the scaling of these two elements.Methods Taking advantage of a manipulative experiment with altered precipitation,warming and N addition,and using the general scaling function N=βPα,we examined how the scaling of plant N to P may respond to global change factors in a Loess grassland in northwestern China.Important Findings We found that precipitation reduction(PR)and warming decreased plant P concentrations,while N addition increased plant N concentrations,resulting in increased N:P ratios.The slopes of the linear regressions between plant N and P(i.e.log-transformed N versus P)did not change significantly,whereas the intercepts increased significantly under PR,warming and N addition.These results indicate that global change factors may not affect the synergistic variation of plant N and P,showing a closely coupled relationship between them.Our findings may help to better understand plant nutrient dynamics and element balance in a changing world.展开更多
Aims Terrestrial ecosystem carbon(C)uptake is remarkably regulated by nitrogen(N)availability in the soil.However,the coupling of C and N cycles,as reflected by C:N ratios in different components,has not been well exp...Aims Terrestrial ecosystem carbon(C)uptake is remarkably regulated by nitrogen(N)availability in the soil.However,the coupling of C and N cycles,as reflected by C:N ratios in different components,has not been well explored in response to climate change.Methods Here,we applied a data assimilation approach to assimilate 14 datasets collected from a warming experiment in an alpine meadow in China into a grassland ecosystem model.We attempted to evaluate how experimental warming affects C and N coupling as indicated by constrained parameters under ambient and warming treatments separately.Important Findings The results showed that warming increased soil N availability with decreased C:N ratio in soil labile C pool,leading to an increase in N uptake by plants.Nonetheless,C input to leaf increased more than N,leading to an increase and a decrease in the C:N ratio in leaf and root,respectively.Litter C:N ratio was decreased due to the increased N immobilization under high soil N availability or warming-accelerated decomposition of litter mass.Warming also increased C:N ratio of slow soil organic matter pool,suggesting a greater soil C sequestration potential.As most models usually use a fixed C:N ratio across different environments,the divergent shifts of C:N ratios under climate warming detected in this study could provide a useful benchmark for model parameterization and benefit models to predict C-N coupled responses to future climate change.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the most effective parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation for improving peripheral blood circulation.METHODS:A total of 45 volunteers were recruited from Pudong district in Shanghai,China,fr...OBJECTIVE:To explore the most effective parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation for improving peripheral blood circulation.METHODS:A total of 45 volunteers were recruited from Pudong district in Shanghai,China,from October to December 2010,and randomly divided into nine groups using computer-generated random numbers.Participants received Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation on Chengjin(BL 56) acupoint;each group received a particular combination of manipulation force and treatment time.We used a two-factor,three-level factorial design to examine the effects of force and treatment time on changes in popliteal artery average volume flow,pulsatility index,and vessel diameter to determine the optimal parameter group.Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after Tuina manipulation by interviewers blind to treatment group status.RESULTS:After manipulation,two of the nine groups showed an increase in popliteal artery volume flow.An inter-participants effect test showed that for main effect of time,F = 0.331,P = 0.720;for main effect of force,F = 2.934,P = 0.066;and for the force-time interaction effect,F = 1.072,P = 0.385,indicating no interaction between force and time.However,a pairwise comparison of the three levels of time showed that a treatment time of 10 min was significantly more effective than that of 2 min(P = 0.024).A pairwise comparison of light force,medium force,and heavy force showed a statistically significant effect for medium force(P = 0.035).CONCLUSION:Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation with vertical force of 9.31 N for 10 min is most effective in improving peripheral circulation.展开更多
We put forward an alternative quantum algorithm for finding ttamiltonian cycles in any N-vertex graph based on adiabatic quantum computing. With a yon Neumann measurement on the final state, one may determine whether ...We put forward an alternative quantum algorithm for finding ttamiltonian cycles in any N-vertex graph based on adiabatic quantum computing. With a yon Neumann measurement on the final state, one may determine whether there is a HamiRonian cycle in the graph and pick out a cycle if there is any. Although the proposed algorithm provides a quadratic speedup, it gives an alternative algorithm based on adiabatic quantum computation, which is of interest because of its inherent robustness.展开更多
文摘针对纯电动汽车动力电池健康状态(state of health,SOH)预测中非线性影响因素多、算法繁杂、难以在单片机开发平台中实现等难点,首先利用累计充电循环次数计量法得到使用循环次数,将SOH与使用循环次数、内阻变化量、电压降值的相关非线性关系转换成离散的二维数据表,依据使用条件,采用二分查表法获得不同估计方法下SOH值;再将使用循环次数、电压降值和内阻变化量作为输入量,以相应SOH的权重作为输出,利用T-S模糊控制建立SOH动态预测模型,根据权重和边界条件计算得到SOH.仿真结果表明,所提方法最大预测误差4.3%,响应时间55ms内,预测效果比现有方法显著提高.
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China, No. 2004AA404013
文摘AIM: To study the prolonged colonic motility under normal conditions with a novel capsule-style microsystem and to assess its clinical significance. METHODS: A single use telemetry capsule (10 mm in diameter, 20 mm in length) embedded with a pressure sensor was ingested by the subjects. The sensor is capable of transmitting colonic pressure wirelessly for more than 130 h. The time of capsule entering the segmental colon was detected by ultrasound. The ultrasonic electrodes were mounted on the surface of the ileocecum and navel and at the junction of the left and rectosigmoid colon of the subjects in sequence, which were identified by abdominal X-rays with radiopaque markers. To verify the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic detection of telemetry capsules at key points of colon, the segmental colonic transit time was simultaneously recorded by using radiopaque markers. RESULTS: The signal lamp showed that all recorders could receive the radio signal transmitted by the telemetry capsule. The X-rays showed that all telemetry capsules were detected successfully when they were passing through the key points of colon. There was a significant correlation between the transit results obtained by ultrasonic detection or by radiopaque markers. Colorectal recording was obtained from 20 healthy subjects during 613 h (411 h during waking, 202 h during sleep). Compared to waking, the number of pressure contractions and the area under pressure contractions were significantly (P 〈 0.05) decreased during sleep (21 ± 5 h^-vs 15 ± 4 h1, 463 ± 54 mmHg·/min vs 342 ± 45 mmHg·/min). The colonic motility exhibited significant regional variations both in the circadian behavior and in response to waking and meal. CONCLUSION: The capsule-style micro-system is reliable and noninvasive, and may represent a useful tool for the study of physiology and pathology of colonic motor disorders.
文摘This article discusses the physical principles to be considered in a thermodynamic engineering solar system running under operational control algorithms designed to minimize entropy rates. The proposed plant is based on scientific foundations established by thermodynamics and classical field theory, and empirical disciplines that deal with properties of chemical elements and with technologies of calorific capture from remote sources. The gauge principle was applied in theoretical formalization as an essential tool in the control background of the entropy rates involved. The industrial system presented was planned to recycle condensed matter within the scope of a solid waste management policy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800382 and 31971435)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KJQN201917).
文摘Aims Global change may cause unparalleled supplies of soil nutrients and further lead to stoichiometric imbalance of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in terrestrial plants.While previous studies had reported the effects of global change factors on plant N,P contents and their ratios,few had examined whether or how these factors may influence the scaling of these two elements.Methods Taking advantage of a manipulative experiment with altered precipitation,warming and N addition,and using the general scaling function N=βPα,we examined how the scaling of plant N to P may respond to global change factors in a Loess grassland in northwestern China.Important Findings We found that precipitation reduction(PR)and warming decreased plant P concentrations,while N addition increased plant N concentrations,resulting in increased N:P ratios.The slopes of the linear regressions between plant N and P(i.e.log-transformed N versus P)did not change significantly,whereas the intercepts increased significantly under PR,warming and N addition.These results indicate that global change factors may not affect the synergistic variation of plant N and P,showing a closely coupled relationship between them.Our findings may help to better understand plant nutrient dynamics and element balance in a changing world.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31625006,31988102)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23080302)the International Collaboration Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(131A11KYSB20180010).
文摘Aims Terrestrial ecosystem carbon(C)uptake is remarkably regulated by nitrogen(N)availability in the soil.However,the coupling of C and N cycles,as reflected by C:N ratios in different components,has not been well explored in response to climate change.Methods Here,we applied a data assimilation approach to assimilate 14 datasets collected from a warming experiment in an alpine meadow in China into a grassland ecosystem model.We attempted to evaluate how experimental warming affects C and N coupling as indicated by constrained parameters under ambient and warming treatments separately.Important Findings The results showed that warming increased soil N availability with decreased C:N ratio in soil labile C pool,leading to an increase in N uptake by plants.Nonetheless,C input to leaf increased more than N,leading to an increase and a decrease in the C:N ratio in leaf and root,respectively.Litter C:N ratio was decreased due to the increased N immobilization under high soil N availability or warming-accelerated decomposition of litter mass.Warming also increased C:N ratio of slow soil organic matter pool,suggesting a greater soil C sequestration potential.As most models usually use a fixed C:N ratio across different environments,the divergent shifts of C:N ratios under climate warming detected in this study could provide a useful benchmark for model parameterization and benefit models to predict C-N coupled responses to future climate change.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China:Basic Theoretics Research on TCM Featured Therapy(973Program,No.2007CB512701)the Research Program of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Traditional Chinese Tuina Industry Specific Research Program(No.200707013)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China:Science of Tuina(No.81025022)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the most effective parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation for improving peripheral blood circulation.METHODS:A total of 45 volunteers were recruited from Pudong district in Shanghai,China,from October to December 2010,and randomly divided into nine groups using computer-generated random numbers.Participants received Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation on Chengjin(BL 56) acupoint;each group received a particular combination of manipulation force and treatment time.We used a two-factor,three-level factorial design to examine the effects of force and treatment time on changes in popliteal artery average volume flow,pulsatility index,and vessel diameter to determine the optimal parameter group.Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after Tuina manipulation by interviewers blind to treatment group status.RESULTS:After manipulation,two of the nine groups showed an increase in popliteal artery volume flow.An inter-participants effect test showed that for main effect of time,F = 0.331,P = 0.720;for main effect of force,F = 2.934,P = 0.066;and for the force-time interaction effect,F = 1.072,P = 0.385,indicating no interaction between force and time.However,a pairwise comparison of the three levels of time showed that a treatment time of 10 min was significantly more effective than that of 2 min(P = 0.024).A pairwise comparison of light force,medium force,and heavy force showed a statistically significant effect for medium force(P = 0.035).CONCLUSION:Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation with vertical force of 9.31 N for 10 min is most effective in improving peripheral circulation.
文摘We put forward an alternative quantum algorithm for finding ttamiltonian cycles in any N-vertex graph based on adiabatic quantum computing. With a yon Neumann measurement on the final state, one may determine whether there is a HamiRonian cycle in the graph and pick out a cycle if there is any. Although the proposed algorithm provides a quadratic speedup, it gives an alternative algorithm based on adiabatic quantum computation, which is of interest because of its inherent robustness.