当代电视纪录片创新发展中的“微”因素分析

受时间碎片化影响,近年来电视纪录片的发展呈现出微化倾向,"微"因素在电视纪录片创新发展中发挥的作用也开始受到业界的广泛关注,基于此,本文简单分析了"微"因素产生的背景,并就基于"微"因素的电视纪录片创新发展实践开展了详细论述,希望论述内容能够为相关业内人士带来一定启发。

电视纪录片创新发展中的“微”因素

在当前时代背景下,新媒体技术的发展越来越成熟化、多元化,给电视纪录片的创新与发展带来新机遇的同时,也带来新挑战。电视纪录片要想走出"困境",就必须进行融合创新,将新媒体的"微"元素融入到纪录片中,形成突破口,让纪录片更符合现代观众的需求,在情感上得到观众的认可。基于此,笔者在本文进行了详细分析。

Re-searching nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)has been a focus of medical research for more than 100 years,with significant interest emerging over the last 58 years following the identification of the link between the disease and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection.NPC possesses several distinctive characteristics among human cancers,notably its well-documented global epidemiology,which reveals localized high-incidence regions primarily in Southeast Asia,particularly in the Southern provinces of China near the Pearl river,as well as in Greenland and North Africa.Epidemiological data indicate a marked male predominance,early disease onset,and a nearly 100%prevalence of latent EBV infection in the tumors.Due to lack of consistent pattern of cancer-related mutations in NPC genomes and excessive DNA-methylation in the tumor cells,NPC can be considered"an epigenetic cancer".Despite extensive researches,convincing biological explanations for these unique characteristics remain elusive.Recently,suggestive evidence has been published that specific local variants of EBV may represent major high risk factors.In spite of tumor and virus specific immunity,it has not been possible to use this for improved treatment.Ongoing studies on the role of the local microflora and tumor microenvironment are essential for a comprehensive understanding of host-EBV-tumor interactions.Ultimately,this knowledge aims to enhance diagnosis,disease fractionation,treatment strategies,and potentially prevention of NPC.

Research on the Relationship between Three Isomers of Microcystins and Environmental Factors

[Objective] The relationship between three isomers of microcystins and environmental factors were studied in the fields.[Method] Three isomers of microcystins （MC-LR,RR and YR） from water of five sampling spots in a northern reservoir were observed for one year with High Performance Liquid Chromatography analytical method in order to study the relationship between three isomers and environmental factors.[Result] The three isomers of microcystins showed positive correlation with chlorophyll a;LR and YR isomers all had significant linear positive correlations with the water temperature,but the RR isomer showed no significant correlation with the water temperature;LR and YR isomers had relatively significantly correlativities with the contents of total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and organic nitrogen,while the RR isomer only showed a significant negative correlation with the content of nitrate nitrogen;LR and RR isomers both showed significant positive correlations with the contents of total phosphorus and organic phosphorus,while the phosphorus hardly affected the YR isomer and showed no evident correlation.[Conclusion] The relationship between three isomers of microcystins and environmental factors such as chlorophyll a,water temperature,nitrogen,phosphorus were studied and investigated the reasons,which might offered a reference for controlling the growth of blue algae in water and toxin synthesis.

Optimization of dual electrolyte and characteristic of micro-arc oxidation coating fabricated on ZK60 Mg alloy

Micro-arc oxidation （MAO） process was carried out in a dual electrolyte system of NaAlO 2 and Na 3 PO 4 to develop compact, smooth and corrosion-resistant coatings on ZK60 Mg alloy by single factor experiments. The microstructural characteristics of coatings were investigated by X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）. Test of mass loss was conducted at a 3.5% NaCl solution to assess the resistance to corrosion. The effect of every element in the dual electrolyte system on voltage—time responses during MAO process and the coating characteristic were also analyzed and discussed systematically via single factor experiments. The results reveal that the main components of NaAlO 2 and Na 3 PO 4 as well as additives of NaOH, NaB4O7 and C6H5Na3O7 demonstrate different effects on MAO process and coating characteristics. By means of single factor experiments, an optimized dual electrolyte system was developed, containing 17.5 g/L NaAlO 2, 5.0 g/LNa3 PO4, 5.0 g/L NaOH, 3.0 g/L NaB4O7 and 4.2g/LC6H5Na3O7 .

Removal of Endosymbiosis Agrobacterium from Transgenic Potato

[Objective] This research aimed to solve the problems of growth and differentiation inhibition of transgenic potato plants caused by antibiotics used for bacteriostasis. [Method] Microtubers were induced using transgenic potato plants, which had generated shoots and formed transgenic bacteria-free plants. [Result] Among the three transgenic potato varieties, the optimal induction medium for SⅠ and SⅡ were MS＋ 0.5 mg/L of 6-BA ＋ 0.1 mg/L of GA3＋ 150 mg/L of cef, and the optimal induction medium for NT were MS＋ 0.5 mg/L of ZT ＋ 0.1 mg/L of GA3 ＋ 150 mg/L of cef; the optimal differentiation medium for tubers were MS＋ 0.5 mg/L of ZT ＋ 0.1 mg/L of NAA, and the tubers with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 cm had generated the most shoots. The transgenic bacteria-free plants were cultivated in propagation medium without antibiotics for 30 d with a contamination rate of 0, and the stems of bacteria-free plants were stout with no branching. [Conclusion] This method is simple and could be easily applied for the removal of bacteria, which had cleared away obstacles for the selection and growth of transgenic individuals.

Effect of porous titanium coated with IGF-1 and TGF-β_1 loaded gelatin microsphere on function of MG63 cells

Porous titanium with porosity of 60% was prepared by metal injection molding（MIM）,and coated with gelatin sustained-release microspheres which were made by improved emulsified cold condensation method.The effects of porous titanium coated with insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1） and transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1） gelatin microspheres on the function of MG63 cells were evaluated in vitro.The results show that porous titanium coated with gelatin sustained-release microspheres has no cytotoxicity.The IGF-1 and TGF-β1 loading concentrations are positively correlative with the proliferation and differentiation of MG63 after co-culturing with the concentrations of IGF-1 and TGF-β1 gelatin microspheres in the range of 0.1-10 ng/mg and 0.25-2.5 ng/mg,respectively.The MG63 cells exhibit the best proliferation and differentiation with the IGF-1 and TGF-β1 loading concentrations of 10 ng/mg and 2.5 ng/mg,respectively.The joint application of IGF-1 and TGF-β1 group,which promote adhesion,proliferation and differentiation of MG63 cells,is superior to a single application group.

Rice Yield Estimation by Integrating Remote Sensing with Rice Growth Simulation Model

Since remote sensing can provide information on the actual status of an agricultural crop, the integration between remote sensing data and crop growth simulation models has become an important trend for yield estimation and prediction.The main objective of this research was to combine a rice growth simulation model with remote sensing data to estimate rice grain yield for different growing seasons leading to an assessment of rice yield at regional levels. Integration between NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) data and the rice growth simulation model ORYZA1 to develop a new software, which was named as Rice-SRS Model, resulted in accurate estimates for rice yield in Shaoxing, China, with an estimation error reduced to 1.03% and 0.79% over-estimation and 0.79% under-estimation for early, single and late season rice, respectively. Selecting suitable dates for remote sensing images was an important factor which could influence estimation accuracy. Thus, given the different growing periods for each rice season, four images were needed for early and late rice, while five images were preferable for single season rice.Estimating rice yield using two or three images was possible, however, if images were obtained during the panicle initiation and heading stages.

Current concept on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease-crosstalk between genetic and microbial factors:Pathogenic bacteria and altered bacterial sensing or changes in mucosal integrity take"toll"?

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） is only partially understood. Various environmental and host （e.g. genetic-, epithelial-, immune and nonimmune） factors are involved. It is a multifactorial polygenic disease with probable genetic heterogeneity. Some genes are associated with IBD itself, while others increase the risk of ulcerative colitis （UC） or Crohn＇ s disease （CD） or are associated with disease location and/or behaviour. This review addresses recent advances in the genetics of IBD. The article discusses the current information on the crosstalk between microbial and genetic factors （e.g. NOD2/CARD15, SLC22A46A5 and DLG5）. The genetic data acquired in recent years help in understanding the pathogenesis of IBD and can identify a number of potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In the future, genetics may help more accurately diagnose and predict disease course in IBD.

Fault Early Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearings Combining Wavelet Filtering and Degree of Cyclostationarity Analysis

The vibration signals of rolling element bearing are produced by a combination of periodic and random processes due to the machine’s rotation cycle and interaction with the real world. The combination of such components can give rise to signals, which have periodically time-varying ensemble statistical and are best considered as cyclostationary. When the early fault occurs, the background noise is very heavy, it is difficult to disclose the latent periodic components successfully using cyclostationary analysis alone. In this paper the degree of cyclostationarity is combined with wavelet filtering for detection of rolling element bearing early faults. Using the proposed entropy minimization rule. The parameters of the wavelet filter are optimized. This method is shown to be effective in detecting rolling element bearing early fault when cyclostationary analysis by itself fails.

Isolation and characterization of a novel strain of Natrinema containing a bop gene

A novel member of extremely halophilic archaea, strain AJ2, was isolated from Ayakekum Lake located in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China. The strain A J2 requires at least 10% (w/v)NaCl and grows 10% to 30% (optimum at 20%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence comparison revealed that strain A J2 clustered to three Natrinema species with less than 97.7% sequence similarities, suggesting A J2 is a novel member of Natrinema. A bacteriorhodopsin-encoding (bop) gene was subsequently detected in the A J2 genome using the polymerase chain reaction technique. The cloning and sequencing of a 401 base pairs fragment indicated the deduced amino acid sequence of bop from A J2 is different from that reported for bacteriorhodopsins. This is the first reported detection of a bop gene in Natrinema.

Available Contents of Trace Nutrient Element and Factors Affecting Their Availability in Western Jilin

Based on the assay of the total content and available content of the trace nutrient elements and the soil pH and organic matter of the soil samples,the characteristic of the available content of the trace nutrient elements and their affecting factors are studied. The results show that the available B in western Jilin is in a middle level,the content in Nong'an is higher than that in the others; the available Mn is extremely abundant; the available Cu in Nong'an is obviously higher than other areas,and the content in Da'an differs greatly; the available Zn is in a middle level; the severe shortage of available Mo differs between different areas; and the available Fe is extremely abundant. The available Mn,Cu and Fe have significantly positive correlation with their total content; the available B has significantly positive correlation with pH,and Zn has obviously negative correlation with pH; the available Mn and Fe had significantly positive correlation with soil organic matter.

Molecular characterization of cyanobacterial diversity in Lake Gregory, Sri Lanka

Eutrophication or the process of nutrient enrichment of stagnant waters due to excessive use of fertilizer is becoming a critical issue worldwide. Lake Gregory, an artificial lake situated in Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka was once a very attractive landscape feature and recreational area attracting a large number of visitors. Rapid urbanization in surrounding areas and the consequent intensification of agricultural and industrial activities led to eutrophication and siltation in the lake. Present study was conducted to detect cyanobacterial diversity and their ability to produce hepatotoxic microcystins using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques. Twenty five water samples (surface and bottom) were collected from the lake and total nitrogen and total carbon were estimated. Cyanobacterial cultures were grown in appropriate media and microscopic observations were used to determine the morphological diversity of cyanobacteria isolated from different sites. Genomic DNA was isolated and purified from cyanobacteria using Boom's method. DNA samples were analyzed by PCR with oligonucleotide primers for 16S rRNA gene and mcyA gene of the operon that encodes a microcystin synthetase. The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the presences of cyanobacteria belong to Synechococcus sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Calothrix sp., Leptolyngbya sp., Limnothrix sp., order Oscillatoriales and order Chroococcales. The sequences obtained from this study were deposited in the database under the accession numbers (GenBank: GU368104-GU368116). PCR amplification of mcyA primers indicated the potential for toxin formation of isolated M. aeruginosa from Lake Gregory. This preliminary study shows that the Lake Gregory is under the potential risk of cyanobacterial toxicity. Clearly more work is needed to extend this finding and clarify if other cyanobacterial isolates have genetic potential to produce microcystin since this lake is utilized for recreational activities.

Vision and development in Trichoderma atroviride

Phototropism, the induction of carotenogenesis and reproductive structures, and resetting of the circadian rhythm are controlled by blue light. Trichoderma is used as a photomorphogenetic model due to its ability to conidiate upon exposure to light. In total darkness, T. atroviride grows indefinitely as a mycelium provided that nutrients are not limiting. However, nutrient deprivation and light trigger the conidiation process. A pulse of blue light given to a radially growing colony induces synchronous sporulation. A ring of conidiophores bearing green conidia is produced at what had been the colony perimeter at the time of the light pulse. All known responses to blue light in N. crassa are initiated by a couple of transcription factors encoded by the white-collar genes (wc -1 and wc-2). WC-1 and WC-2 bind to the promoters of light regulated genes to rapidly activate transcription in response to light. In T. atroviride the photolyase encoding gene phr1 undergoes fast transcriptional activation in response to light. The presence of putative WCC binding boxes in the promoter of phr1, suggested that light responses in Trichoderma could be under the control of white-collar homologues. We cloned two genes and demonstrated by gene replacement that both are essential for photoconidiation and photolyase gene expression. Therefore, they were named blue-light regulator one and two (blr1 and blr2). The BLR1 protein has all the characteristics of a blue-light photoreceptor. The generation of subtractive cDNA libraries allowed us to identify novel, BLR independent, light responses including the regulation of gene expression by blue-light. In addition, we recently initiated a Trichoderma ESTs sequencing project. Until now, we have sequenced above 3000 ESTs, from which we have obtained approximately 1800 unigenes. This unigene set was printed in microarrays and used to search for light induced genes. Twenty five clearly induced and around thirty repressed genes have been detected. Among this set we have found both blr dependent and independent blue light induced genes, strengthening our view of the existence of alternative light perception pathways. We also show the first evidence for the entry of Trichoderma into the conidiation process caused by mechanical injury, which remains unaltered in the mutants. Finally, an unprecedented crosstalk between light and glucose sensing was found involving the BLR1 and BLR2 proteins in the control of carbon deprivation induced conidiation.

Ultrasonic plastification speed of polymer and its influencing factors

The melt filling difficulty in micro cavity is one of the main challenges for micro-injection molding (MIM). An approach employing ultrasound in MIM was proposed. The approach was extensively studied through experiments with a home-made experimental ultrasonic plastification device. The results of the experiments show that polymer ultrasonic plastification speed increases with ultrasonic supply voltage and plastification pressure. When the ultrasonic supply voltage is 200 V and the plastification pressure is 2.0 MPa, the polymer ultrasonic plastification speed reaches the maximum value of 0.111 1 g/s. The results also indicate that the ultrasonic cavitation effect is the most significant effect of all the three effects during polymer ultrasonic plastification process.

The research based on the differential equation model of price factors

National attaches＇ great importance to price trends highlights the complexity of the situation of the current price. Control price at a reasonable level has become a large problem of the ＂The Twelfth Five-Year Guideline＂ for the first year of a major exam in front of us. At the end of Last year, the central economic work conference held to stabilize the overall price level in a more prominent position. The State Council raised that to ensure the overall price level basically stable on the first place in the deployment of the first quarter.

Study on Microwave Preparation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid from Corn Germ Oil

[Objective] The optimal craft of preparing conjugated linoleic acid from corn germ oil by dint of microwave method was studied. [Meth- od] Microwave power, microwave mode of action, the amount of catalyst and solvent were selected for single-factor-experiment. Then, based on the single-factor-experiment, the catalyst and solvent amount, and microwave function time were chosen for orthogonal experiment so as to deter- mine the optimal craft of preparing CLA from corn germ oil. UV absorption spectra and infrared absorption spectrum were used to analyse the struc- tural features of natural corn germ oil and CLA. [Resalt] The optimal preparation condition was as follow： the catalyst was 0.6 times heavier than oil, solvent was 3 times heavier than oil weight, microwave worked for ten minutes. Under the optimal condition, CLA was 56.3% and conversion rate was 99.47 %. The results indicated that non-conjugated double bonds of linoleic acid can be isomerized and changed into conjugated double bonds under the conditions of microwave irradiation,[ Conduslon] The study provided a new way for the preparation of CLA.

Factors Affecting the Occurrence and Growth of Toxic Cyanobacteria Microcystis Aeruginosa in Laguna De Bay, Philippines

Cyanobacteria is one of the major sources of toxins in freshwater. These microorganisms are highly adaptive to changing environmental conditions. In this study, the occurrence of toxin producing cyanobacteria in Laguna de Bay and factors affecting its occurrence and growth were determined. The presence ofMicrocystis aeruginosa was positively correlated with nitrate （NO3） and iron （Fe^2＋） with correlation coefficient of ＋0.72972 and ＋0.91063, respectively. It is negatively correlated with occurrence of sunshine （in days） and turbidity with correlation -0.79055 and -0.93531, respectively.

Study on relationship between polymorphism of hAR gene (CAG)n micro-satellite and prostate cancer

Objective: To study the relationship between the polymorphic (CAG)n micro-satellite of human androgen receptor (hAR) gene and prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The number of (CAG)n repeats in 107 normal males were measured by a two-step [α-32P]-dCTP incorporated asymmetric polymeric chain reaction (PCR), and the (CAG)n repeats of both malignant and nonmalignant prostate cells in fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (PET) specimen from 36 case of PCa were determined by sequence analysis. Results: The repeats of polymorphic (CAG) n among normal men ranged from 11 to 29, and the most frequent repeat was 22(18. 69%), with 23(14. 02%), 24(10. 28%) and 21(10. 28%) being less frequent. The (CAG)n repeats of malignant prostate cells equaled to that of nonmalignant adjacent prostate tissue cells from the same PET specimen in all 36 PCa, and the (CAG)n repeats in 36 PCa which ranged from 16 to 22 were shorter than that in normal males significantly (P<0. 05), while no significant difference in (CAG)n repeats among various grade of tumor's differentiation (well-differentiated, intermediate-differentiated and poor-differentiated) was found (P>0. 05). Conclusion; The present study suggest that short hAR gene (CAG)n micro-satellite might be associated with the occurrence of PCa, but not with the differentiation of PCa.

The Microwave Synthesis of 2,6-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Hydrazine

Under microwave irradiation, with dimethypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate and hydrazine hydrate as raw materials, 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic hydrazine was produced. At the same time, the influence factors of production rate, such as microwave radiation time, reaction power, the amount of dimethypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate and hydrazine hydrate was further explored. Through the orthogonal experiments, better technology conditions were found which make the synthetic process turn from the new type of microwave technology.