理想气体微观状态数的计算及其统计性质的研究

本文借助自由粒子的量子能态分布理论,利用3n维空间球体模型,实现了对理想气体（N,V,E）系统微态数的计算,在此基础上,给出了理想气体热力学量的统计结果。

图示辅助速算等价组态光谱项

图示辅助求算等价组态光谱项。

光学微腔中少光子数叠加态的耗散动力学

通过考察耗散光学腔中少光子数叠加态的Wigner函数随时间的变化行为,揭示其非经典特性的动力学演化.结果表明,初始时Wigner函数为负的少光子数叠加态,在耗散过程中其负性逐渐减小直至消失,并最后达到一个稳定的正值.但这并不意味着耗散量子态非经典特性的完全消失.实际上,作为非经典特性的另一个重要参量,光子的二阶关联函数g^(2)(0)(g^(2)(0)<1意味着光子是非经典地反聚束)是一个耗散动力学不变的物理量.我们证明,光子的二阶反关联函数g^((2A))(0)却是一个随着耗散而改变的物理参量,从而可以用于描述光学微腔中光量子态的耗散动力学行为.最后,我们给出一个在实验上如何制备少光子数叠加态并对其Wigner函数进行探测的方案.

Fungi Diversity of Ginseng Rhizosphere Soil in Northeastern China

[Objective] The aim was to know the pathogenic fungi types and distribution law in ginseng rhizosphere soil.[Method] During May to Oct.in 2008 and 2009,more than 200 soil samples were collected from ginseng rhizosphere soil in Ji an City,Fusong County of Jilin Province and Huanren County of Liaoning Province.Soil dilution plate method and soil particle method were adopted to isolate and culture soil fungi,then classification and identification were carried out.[Result] 33 species of 22 fungal genera were id...

Microstructure evolution and grain growth behavior of Ti14 alloy during semi-solid isothermal process

Microstructure evolution of Ti14 （α＋Ti2Cu） alloy during semi-solid isothermal process at different temperatures was investigated. The results reveal that both the temperature and holding time have effect on the grain growth behavior. The grains grow obviously and the degree of globularity increases with the increase of holding time. According to the statistic analysis of experimental data, the grain growth indices are 0.88 and 0.97 at 1 000 ℃ and 1 050 ℃, respectively, which indicates that increasing isothermal temperature would accelerate microstructural evolution.

Fabric and Programming of Photoautotrophic Micro-propagation System Controlled by Dynamic Parameters

According to theory of photoautotrophic micro-propagation, and principle and technology of environmental engineering, an automatic control and regulation under photoautotrophic micro-propagation by plants was designed, which can be used for planting condition optimization of photoautotrophic micro-propagation and qualified industrialized production of seedlings.

Equilibrium morphology of gas–liquid Janus droplets: A numerical analysis of buoyancy effect

In this article, a theoretical model for predicting the equilibrium morphology of gas–liquid Janus droplets was built. Based on this model, the effects of bubble radius and volume ratio on morphology change was systematically studied. The increase of bubble radius causes the two parts(bubble and oil drop) in Janus droplets tend to merge while the impact of volume ratio is complicated. When volume ratio increases, these two parts firstly tend to merge, then gradually separate. The accuracy of this model was verified by experimental results.

Effects of semi-solid isothermal process parameters on microstructure of Mg-Gd alloy

The effects of semi-solid isothermal process parameters on the microstructure evolution of Mg-Gd rare earth alloy produced by strain-induced melt activation(SIMA)were investigated.The formation mechanism of the particles in the process of the isothermal treatment was also discussed.The results show that the microstructure of the as-cast alloy consists ofα-Mg solid solution, Mg5RE and Mg24RE5(Gd,Y,Nd)phase.After being extruded with an extrusion ratio of 14:1 at 380℃,the microstructure of Mg-Gd alloy changes from developed dendrites to near-equiaxed grains.The liquid volume fraction of the semisolid slurry gradually increases with elevating isothermal temperature or prolonging isothermal time during the partial remelting.To obtain an ideal semisolid slurry,the optimal process parameters for the Mg-Gd alloy should be 630℃for isothermal temperature and 30 min for the corresponding time,respectively,where the volume fraction of the liquid phase is 52%.

Four-Parameter Scheme for Ground Level of Helium Atom

In this paper,the ground state wave function of four parameters is developed and expression of the ground state level is derived for the helium atom when the radial Schrodinger equation of the helium atom is solved. The ground energy is respectively computed by the optimized aJgorithms of Matlab 7.0 and the Monte Carlo methods. Furthermore, the ground state wave function is obtained. Compared with the experiment value and the value with the variation calculus in reference, the results of this paper show that in the four-parameter scheme, not only the calculations become more simplified and precise, but also the radial wave function of the helium atom meets the space symmetry automatically in ground state.

Evaluating the performance of a WRF microphysics ensemble through comparisons with aircraft observations

observation data obtained in a mesoscale convective system are compared to Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model simulations using four microphysics schemes(Morrison,WSM6,P3,SBM)with different complexities.The main purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of the microphysics ensemble in terms of cloud microphysical properties.Results show that although the vertical distributions of liquid water content(LWC)and ice water content(IWC)simulated by the four members are quite different in the convective cloud region,they are relatively uniform in the stratiform cloud region.Overall,the results of the Morrison scheme are very similar to the ensemble average,and both of them are closer to the observations compared to the other schemes.Besides,the authors also note that all members still overpredict the LWC by a factor of 2–8 in some regions,resulting in large deviation between the observation and ensemble average.

Numerical simulation of a self-absorbing microbubble generator for a cyclonic-static microbubble flotation column

The Cyclonic-Static Microbubble Flotation Column (FCSMC) is currently a widely used, novel type of flotation device. The self-absorbing microbubble generator is the core component of this device. The structure of the microbubble generator directly influences flotation column performance by affecting bubble size and distribution as well as gas holdup in the column. However, the complicated flow inside the generator results in high R&D costs and difficulty in testing. Thus, the CFD software, FLUENT, was used to simulate the gas-liquid two-phase flow inside a self-absorbing microbubble generator. The effect of area ratio, a key structural parameter, was studied in detail. Critical flow-field parameters including velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, minimum static pressure and gas holdup were obtained. The simulation results demonstrate that the optimum area ratio is 3.

A Criterion of Normality Concerning Holomorphic Functions Whose Derivative Omit a Function II

The authors discuss the normality concerning holomorphic functions and get the following result. Let F be a family of functions holomorphic on a domain D C, all of whose zeros have multiplicity at least k, where k ≥ 2 is an integer. Let h（z） ≠ 0 and oo be a meromorphic function on D. Assume that the following two conditions hold for every f C Dr ： （a） f（z） = 0 =→ ｜f（k）（z）｜ 〈｜h（z）｜. （b） f（k）（z） ≠ h（z）. Then F is normal on D.

A SURVEY ON SEMI-TENSOR PRODUCT OF MATRICES

Semi-tensor product of matrices is a generalization of conventional matrix product for the case when the two factor matrices do not meet the dimension matching condition. It was firstly proposed about ten years ago. Since then it has been developed and applied to several different fields. In this paper we will first give a brief introduction. Then give a survey on its applications to dynamic systems, to logic, to differential geometry, to abstract algebra, respectively.

Shifts in chemical and microbiological properties belowground of invader Ageratina adenophora along an altitudinal gradient

Tropical mountain ecosystems are usually colonized by numerous invasive plant species and represent an ideal‘natural laboratory’to study the effects of altitude on plant invasion.The aim of this study was to investigate the soil chemical and microbiological properties along an altitudinal gradient on a mountain colonized by the invader Ageratina adenophora.Rhizosphere soil of A.adenophora was collected over an altitudinal gradient(1400–2400 m)in Ailao Shan,China.We determined soil organic carbon(C),nutrient contents,enzyme activities,bacterial community composition as well as C and nitrogen(N)contents of the plant roots.Ecoenzymatic stoichiometric indices were calculated to estimate the relative C,N or P limitations of the microbial community.There was a significant effect of altitude on soil organic C in the rhizosphere,and a turning point in these measured variables was detected at an altitude of 2000 m.At low elevations,the rapid growth of invasive plants depleted the deficient phosphorus(P)in tropical soils,leading to microbial P limitation;at high elevations,microbes invested more energy to obtain C from resistant litter,leading to microbial C limitation.Bacterial beta diversity and soil pH contributed most to the altitudinal differences in ecoenzymatic stoichiometry,and Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla that determined the nutrient uptake status of microorganisms.These results demonstrate how microbial nutrient acquisition belowground of A.adenophora along an altitudinal gradient,which could contribute to further knowledge about the effects of altitude on biological invasion.

Optimality conditions for sparse nonlinear programming

The sparse nonlinear programming （SNP） is to minimize a general continuously differentiable func- tion subject to sparsity, nonlinear equality and inequality constraints. We first define two restricted constraint qualifications and show how these constraint qualifications can be applied to obtain the decomposition properties of the Frechet, Mordukhovich and Clarke normal cones to the sparsity constrained feasible set. Based on the decomposition properties of the normal cones, we then present and analyze three classes of Karush-Kuhn- Tucker （KKT） conditions for the SNP. At last, we establish the second-order necessary optimality condition and sufficient optimality condition for the SNP.