Asymmetrical Fabry-Perot cavity slot micro-ring resonator and its sensing characteristics

To achieve high quality factor and high-sensitivity refractive index sensor,a slot micro-ring resonator(MRR)based on asymmetric Fabry-Perot(FP)cavity was proposed.The structure consisted of a pair of elliptical holes to form an FP cavity and a microring resonator.The two different optical modes generated by the micro-ring resonator were destructively interfered to form a Fano line shape,which improved the system sensitivity while obtaining a higher quality factor and extinction ratio.The transmission principle of the structure was analyzed by the transfer matrix method.The transmission spectrum and mode field distribution of the proposed structure were simulated by the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the key structural parameters affecting the Fano line shape in the device were optimized.The simulation results show that the quality factor of the device reached 22037.1,and the extinction ratio was 23.9 dB.By analyzing the refractive index sensing characteristics,the sensitivity of the structure was 354 nm·RIU−1,and the detection limit of the sensitivity was 2×10−4 RIU.Thus,the proposed compact asymmetric FP cavity slot micro-ring resonator has obvious advantages in sensing applications owing to its excellent performance.

兔眼单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎模型的实验研究

目的 建立一种兔眼单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的动物模型 ,并以此模型验证 1 %无环鸟苷滴眼液的疗效。方法 在手术显微镜下 ,应用微环钻法在兔眼上接种HSVⅠ型病毒 ,建立兔眼HSK模型。每只家兔左眼为对照眼 ,右眼以 1 %无环鸟苷滴眼液点眼 ,48h后观察结果 ,按角膜着色情况进行计分。结果 模型建立成功 ,对照眼显示了严重的树枝状角膜上皮炎 ,平均计分值为 96分 ;治疗眼显示疗效显著 ,病情得以控制 ,平均计分值为2 8.75分。结论 该模型建立简便易行 ,敏感性强 ,周期短 ,易于观察结果 。

Combination of Circumcision and Microwave in Treatment of Genital Warts in Uncircumcised Patients

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of combina-tion of circumcision and microwave on genital wartsin uncircumcised men. Methods: A randomized, prospective study of 109uncircumcised adult men with genital warts was con-ducted in a STD clinic in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. Onegroup (n=54) received microwave therapy only, whilethe other group (n=55) was taken the combination ofcircumcision and microwave therapy. The recurrenceswere observed at the end of months 3, 6 and 12, andoperative complications were also recorded. Results: There were no significant differences inthe mean age and duration of the disease between twogroups (P>0.05). No serious operative complicationswere documented. The recurrence rate in circumci-sion plus microwave group was markedly lower thanthat in microwave group (12.7% vs 29.6%, P<0.05),while the differences in early and late recurrencesbetween two groups showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). Conclusion: Circumcision can be safely performedunder local anesthesia in an outpatient setting. Com-bination of circumcision and microwave can produceexcellent effect as well as less tissue damage,therefore, it may be ideal for uncircumcised patientswith extensive condylomas.

Study on Micro Electrolysis Treatment for Decolorizing Dyed Water

Method for decolrizing dyed wastewater was researched and the affecting factors dicussed. The result shows that the conditions for getting an optimum decolorization effect are: a reaction time of 60 min, a coke size of 5～10 mm, a solid/liquid ratio of 1∶10, an air blast volume of 4 m3/h, and proper Fe/coke ratio determined by the type of dye material. The system acidity influences dyed wastewater in different ways, i.e., acid condition is good for the decolorization of scarlet 3R and methyl orange simulated wastewater but bad for that of alkali violet 5BN simulated wastewater, while the decolorization of dispersed yellow E-RGFL simulated wastewater has nothing to do with pH.

Layer by layer synthesis of Sn-Co-C microcomposites and their application in lithium ion batteries

Alloy anodes were studied for pursuing Sn-based microcomposite synthesis, assembly and performance for lithium ion batteries. The self-assembled Sn-Co-C composites with nano-scaled microstructures were prepared via solution method and carbothermal technology. The morphology and physical structure were investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The as-prepared materials were assembled to half cell coin for the purpose of discussing the galvanostatic cycling, cyclic voltammetry and rate-capability performance. Results reveal that nanoscaled CoSn 2 alloys covered with Sn and C layer by layer are wrapped by cross-linked porous carbon network to form spherical microstructure. This distinguishing feature of Sn-Co-C composites provides a possible solution to the problems of Sn particle aggregation and poor electron transport, and has strong effect on improving electrochemical performance.

Microemulsion synthesis of ZnMn2O4/Mn3O4 sub-microrods for Li-ion batteries and their conversion reaction mechanism

The hierarchical ZnMn2O4/Mn3O4 composite sub-microrods were synthesized via a water-in-oil microemulsion method followed by calcination.The ZnMn2O4/Mn3O4 electrode displays an intriguing capacity increasing from 440 to 910 mA·h/g at 500 mA/g during 550 consecutive discharge/charge cycles,and delivers an ultrahigh capacity of 1276 mA·h/g at 100 mA/g,which is much greater than the theoretical capacity of either ZnMn2O4 or Mn3O4 electrode.To investigate the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon,cyclic voltammetry and differential capacity analysis were applied,both of which reveal the emergence and the growth of new reversible redox reactions upon charge/discharge cycling.The new reversible conversions are probably the results of an activation process of the electrode material during the cycling process,leading to the climbing charge storage.However,the capacity exceeding the theoretical value indicates that there are still other factors contributing to the increasing capacity.

Isothermal Microcalorimetry:A Review of Applications in Soil and Environmental Sciences

Isothermal microcalorimetry provides thermodynamic and kinetic information on various reactions and processes and is thereby a powerful tool to elucidate their mechanisms. Certain improvement in isothermal microcalorimetry with regard to the studies on soil and environmental sciences is briefly described. This review mainly focuses on the use of microcalorimetry in the determination of soil microbial activity, monitoring the toxicity and biodegradation of soil organic pollutants, the risk evaluation of metals and metalloids, the heat effect of ion exchange and adsorption in soil, and environmental researches. Promising prospects for the applications of the technique in the field are also discussed.

Cycloaddition of CO_2 and propylene oxide by using M(HBTC)(4,4'-bipy)·3DMF(M=Ni,Co,Zn) metal-organic frameworks

Three pillar-layered metal-organic frameworks（MOFs） based on M（HBTC）（4,4＇-bipy）.3DMF（M =Ni, Co, and Zn; HBTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 4,4＇-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine） were synthesized using a solvothermal method. Zn（HBTC）（4,4＇-bipy）.3DMF was synthesized for the first time using both a solvothermal and microwave method, and subsequently characterized by various physicochemical methods. The structure of M（HBTC）（4,4＇-bipy）.3DMF consisted of honeycomb grid layers of M2＋ ions and BTC units, which were further linked by the 4,4＇-bipy pillars to form a three-dimensional highly porous framework. All the MOFs displayed excellent synergistic catalytic properties with alkyl ammonium halides（TBAX） in the solventless fixation of CO_2 with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates. The catalytic activities of these MOFs followed the trend Zn Co Ni,which was explained by the acid-base bifunctional properties. The microwave-synthesized Zn（HBTC）（4,4＇-bipy）.3DMF material exhibited physical, chemical, and catalytic properties that were similar to those of the catalyst obtained using a conventional solvothermal synthesis. The scope of various parameters, including recyclability, was studied, and a plausible reaction mechanism was suggested.

Improvements on environmental DNA extraction and purification procedures for matagenomic analysis

Our previously described environmental DNA extraction method has been widely used in environmental microbial community analysis. However, residual humic substances may remain with obtained environmental DNA, which interferes downstream molecular analyses. To remedy this situation, two DNA extraction buffers （PIPES and Tris-HCl） and four purification strategies including our new modified low melting point gel purification method and three commercial kits from QIAEX, Omega and Promega were evaluated with diverse soil samples. The PIPES buffer （pH 6.5） is found to be more effective for removing the humic substances, but it leads to lower DNA yield and causes more severe DNA shearing than using the Tris-HC1 buffer （pH 8.0）. Gel purification and the Promega purification kit achieve much higher DNA recoveries than QIAEX or Omega kit, and higher purity of DNA is obtained by gel purification than by the Promega kit with both DNA extraction buffers mentioned above. Considering all results together, two alternative methods for DNA extraction and purification are proposed： one uses Tris-HCl buffer extraction and gel purification as the primary approach when the amount of soil or biomass is not a major concern, and the other uses PIPES buffer extraction and the Promega kit purification when severe DNA shearing and/or limited biomass occurs. Purified DNA samples by both methods are amenable for use as templates for whole community genome amplifications and PCR amplifications of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. It is demonstrated that these two alternative methods could be applied to a wide variety of environmental samples.

Improved Sorting Scheme of Microstructure of Fly Ash

Aiming at the problem of the existing sorting for microstructure of fly ash, an improved scheme was put forward in this paper. First, fly ash particles are divided into four groups as low calcium, iron, high calcium and char particle according to the substance components of fly ash. Then fly ash particles are divided into 14 sub groups, for example: cenospheres, plerospheres, solid spheres, porous char and dense char based on their chemical composition, shape and the characteristics of inner structure of fly ash. It has a distinct difference in granule configuration, inner structure and substance components. Some disadvantages of the existing scheme such as unilateralism and imprecision have been overcome in the advanced schemes.

Electrocatalytic behaviour of Ni and NiCu alloy modified glassy carbon electrode in electro-oxidation of contraflam

The electrocatalytic oxidation of contraflam was investigated in alkaline solution on nickel and nickel–copper alloy modified glassy carbon electrodes(GC/Ni and GC/NiCu). We prepared these electrodes by galvanostatic deposition and the surface morphologies and compositions of electrodes were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometric methods were employed to characterize the oxidation process and its kinetics. Voltammetric studies exhibit one pair of well-defined redox peaks, which is ascribed to the redox process of the nickel and followed by the greatly enhanced current response of the anodic peak in the presence of contraflam and a decrease in the corresponding cathodic current peak. This indicates that the immobilized redox mediator on the electrode surface was oxidized contraflam via an electrocatalytic mechanism. The catalytic currents increased linearly with the concentration of contraflam in the range of 0.25– 1.5 mmol/L. The anodic peak currents were linearly proportional to the square root of scan rate. This behaviour is the characteristic of a diffusion-controlled process. The determination of contraflam in capsules is applied satisfactorily by modified electrode.

The Effects of Chinese Medicines on Micro-circulation of Nail Folds and Blood Flow Velocity of Limbs in the Patients with Arteriosclerotic Obliteration

The effects of Chinese medicines on micro-circulation and blood flow velocity in arteries of the lower limbs were observed in 33 patients with arteriosclerotic obliteration(ASO).The results showed that the integral values of micro-circulation after treatment were obviously higher than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Blood flow velocity in arteries of the lower limbs determined with the color Doppler ultrasound detecting method after treatment were also obviously higher than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01).In tbis series of 33 ASO patients,the markedly effective rate was 36.36%,and the total effective rate was 63.64%.The observation indicates that the recipe prescribed according to the principle of supplementing qi and activating blood circulation can effectively improve micro-circulation in ASO patients,and accelerate blood flow in arteries of the lower limbs.

Electrochimical determination of uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine by poly(xylitol) modified glassy carbon electrode

The novel covalently modified glassy carbon electrode with poly(xylitol) was prepared using an electropolymerization technique for the simultaneous determination of uric acid(UA), xanthine(XA) and hypoxanthine(HX). This new electrode presents an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of UA, XA and HX by cyclic voltammetry(CV) method. The oxidation peaks of the three compounds were well defined and had enhanced the peak currents. The separation potentials of the oxidation peak potentials for UA-XA and XA-HX were 380 and 370 mV in CV, respectively. Using differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) method, the calibration curves in the ranges of 5-55, 1.3-75.3 and 4-59 μmol/L were obtained for HX, XA and UA, respectively. The lowest detection limits(S/N=3) were 4.5, 0.75 and 3.75 μmol/L for HX, XA and UA, respectively. The practical application of the modified electrode was demonstrated by the determination of UA, XA, HX in human urine samples.

Electrodeposition Behavior of Nickel from a Low Temperature Urea-molten Salt

The electrodeposition behavior of nickel at glassy carbon(GC)and stainless steel(SS)electrodes in low temperature urea-acetamide-NaBr-KBr melt was investigated using cyclic voltammetry,chrono-amperometric current-time transients and scanning electron microscopy.Cyclic voltammograms and dimensionless chronoamperometric current-time transients analysis show that the electrodeposition of nickel is an irreversible process and proceeds via three-dimensional progressive nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth on both GC and SS substrates.Scanning electron microscopic analysis indicates the nickel deposits obtained on SS electrode are generally uniform,dense,and adherent to the substrate with rounded crystallites in the nanometer size regime.It is also found that the crystal structure of the electrodeposited nickel is independent on the deposition potential.The nickel deposits produced from the melt at higher cathodic potential exhibit larger grain size.

EFFECTS OF ELECTRO ACUPUNCTURE AND TWIRLING REINFORCING-REDUCING MANIPULATIONS ON VOLUME OF MICROCIRCULATORY BLOOD FLOW IN CEREBRAL PIA MATER

Effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and routine acupuncture with twirling reinforcing and reducing manipulation of the needle (RA) both at Zusanli point (St 36) on volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral pia mater were observed by fenestration of the cranial bone and laser Doppler microcirculatory blood flow analyser. Results showed that both RA and EA could increase the volume of microcirculatory blood flow in the cerebral pia mater; and that the increase in the EA group was superior to that in RA group. This suggests that a moderate and effective stimulation is a key to the production of a regulative effect on the organism.

TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS WITH MEDICINAL PLASTER FIXED AT ACUPOINTS -A Report of 54 Cases

That the diseases in the interior can be treated at the exterior is one of the therapeutic methods of traditional Chinese medicine. Pretty good results has been obtained in treating the patients of angina pectoris with medicinal plaster fixed at acupoints. This is reported as follows.

轴对称均匀带电体场强问题的新解法

求解均匀带电体场强是近年高考中常考题型,但该题型在高中物理教与学过程中存在难点。本文基于电磁学相关理论,给出了轴对称均匀带电壳体场强问题的一种新解法。该解法可适用于三维模型,具有简便性、易懂性和普适性。

Catalase-like nanosystem for interlocking trimodal cancer therapy with hypoxia relief

Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors,and it significantly impairs the overall anticancer efficacy,particularly photodynamic therapy(PDT).Herein,a catalase-like nanovesicle with near-infrared light-responsiveness,that is,platinum/gold nanoshell encapsulated chlorin e6(Ce6)/resveratrol(Res)liposome(Pt@Au-Ce6/Res-Lip),was developed to surmount this intractable issue.The Pt@Au-Ce6/Res-Lip can decompose overexpressed H_(2)O_(2)in tumor microenvironment to produce vast amounts of O_(2)for further enhancement of the PDT.Under the 808 nm laser irradiation,the Au nanoshells induced hyperthermia at the lesion site to ablate tumor cells,simultaneously inducing the controlled release of photosensitizer Ce6 and chemotherapeutic agent Res.Moreover,stimulated by 660 nm laser,numerous reactive oxygen species were formed to induce apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells.With the cascade of trimodal therapeutic modality options(chemotherapy,photothermal therapy,and PDT),the Pt@Au-Ce6/Res-Lip showed ultrahigh tumor inhabitation rate in in vitro and in vivo studies,signifying that the Pt@AuCe6/Res-Lip nanovesicle is a promising candidate for effective cancer therapy.

The research of typical microbial functional group reveals a new oceanic carbon sequestration mechanism——A case of innovative method promoting scientific discovery

Marine microbes are major drivers of marine biogeochemical cycles and play critical roles in the ecosystems. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria(AAPB) are an important bacterial functional group with capability of harvesting light energy and wide distribution, and appear to have a particular role in the ocean's carbon cycling. Yet the global pattern of AAPB distribution was controversial at the beginning of the 21 st century due to the defects of the AAPB enumeration methods. An advanced time-series observation-based infrared epifluorescence microscopy(TIREM) approach was established to amend the existing AAPB quantitative deviation and led to the accurate enumeration of AAPB in marine environments. The abundance of AAPB and AAPB% were higher in coastal and continental shelf waters than in oceanic waters, which does not support the idea that AAPB are specifically adapted to oligotrophic conditions due to photosynthesis in AAPB acting a supplement to their organic carbon respiration. Further investigation revealed that dependence of AAPB on dissolved organic carbon produced by phytoplankton(PDOC) may limit their competition and control AAPB distribution. So, the selection of carbon sources by AAPB indicated that they can effectively fractionate the carbon flow in the sea. Enlightened by these findings, the following studies on the interactions between marine microbes and DOC led to the discovery of a new mechanism of marine carbon sequestration—the Microbial Carbon Pump(MCP). The conceptual framework of MCP addresses the sources and mechanism of the vast DOC reservoir in the ocean and represents a breakthrough in the theory of ocean carbon sequestration.

Simulation and Analysis of Microstructure Evolution of IN718 in Rotary Forgings by FEM

A numerical analysis was performed to study the influence of process parameters on the microstructure evolution of IN718 alloy in rotary forging using the finite element method （FEM）. For this purpose, a constitutive equation considering the effects of strain hardening and dynamic softening of IN718 alloy was built. The constitutive equation and microstructure models were implemented into the finite element code to investigate the microstructure evolution during rotary forging subject to large deformations. The simulations were carried out in the ratio of initial height to diameter range 0.2-0.8, the angle of the rocker 3°-7° and the relative feed per revolution range 0.01-0.1 r^-1. The research results revealed the deformation mechanism and the correlation of process parameters with the grain size evolution of IN718 alloy during rotary forging. These provide evidence for the selection of rotary forging parameters.