【目的】提出适合设施甜瓜栽培的微纳米气泡水(Micro-nano Bubble Water,MNBW)滴灌模式。【方法】以设施甜瓜为供试对象,采用地下滴灌系统进行MNBW灌溉,研究了MNBW和传统地下水(Conventional Groundwater,CGW)4种水源、2种施肥水平(100%...【目的】提出适合设施甜瓜栽培的微纳米气泡水(Micro-nano Bubble Water,MNBW)滴灌模式。【方法】以设施甜瓜为供试对象,采用地下滴灌系统进行MNBW灌溉,研究了MNBW和传统地下水(Conventional Groundwater,CGW)4种水源、2种施肥水平(100%和80%滴灌施肥水平)、3种滴灌频率(1/3、1/7、1/15次/d)等因素耦合对甜瓜产量、品质和灌溉水利用效率(Irrigation Water Use Efficiency,IWUE)的影响。【结果】使用MNBW滴灌可以实现肥料减施,削减20%传统滴灌施肥量可以大幅提高甜瓜的产量(增幅最高可达56.4%)和IWUE(增幅最高可达67.7%),可溶性糖量、维生素C量、可溶性固形物量也提升显著;灌溉频率也会影响MNBW滴灌的应用效果1/3次/d的高频滴灌下甜瓜的品质提升最为显著,与滴灌频率为1/15次/d相比,甜瓜的可溶性固形物量提高21.5%~28.0%、维生素C量提高11.6%~14.8%、茎粗提高8.5%~14.2%。如果未恰当采用未腐熟牛粪作为底肥,MNBW滴灌反而会大幅降低甜瓜的产量、品质与IWUE。【结论】推荐滴灌频率为1/3次/d的MNBW滴灌结合80%滴灌施肥水平作为设施甜瓜微纳米气泡水滴灌模式。展开更多
ZnSe microspheres were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method under mild conditions using aqueous zinc nitrate and sodium selenite as raw materials. The effects of hydrothermal temperature, reaction time, concen...ZnSe microspheres were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method under mild conditions using aqueous zinc nitrate and sodium selenite as raw materials. The effects of hydrothermal temperature, reaction time, concentration of NaOH and amount of hydrazine hydrate on the phase structure, morphology and size of final products were carefully investigated. The phase structures, morphologies and optical properties of the final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. ZnSe microspheres assembled by average size (about 20 nm) nanocrystals were prepared using 20 mL of 1 mol/L NaOH solution and 10 mL of hydrazine hydrate at 180 °C for 4 h. The results show that the products obtained at low hydrothermal temperature and short reaction time have poor crystallinity and contain impurity phases. The appropriate NaOH concentration and amount of hydrazine hydrate ensure to obtain pure ZnSe with spherical morphology and better luminescence property.展开更多
The flower-like ZnO microstructure was prepared by a straightforward microwave-hydrothermal technique using zinc chloride and arginine solution as reactants. The as-synthesized crystal structure and morphology were ch...The flower-like ZnO microstructure was prepared by a straightforward microwave-hydrothermal technique using zinc chloride and arginine solution as reactants. The as-synthesized crystal structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and the optical properties of the ZnO nanostructure were studied by Raman and photoluminescence （PL） spectra, which confirms the high crystal quality of ZnO microstructure. The as-synthesized ZnO flowers exhibit a significant enhancement of photocatalytic capability toward degrading methyl blue （MB） under UV light, the photodegradation of MB reaches 95.60%, only within 2 h of adding the as-synthesized ZnO in the MB solution under UV irradiation. Furthermore, the photodegradation could be described as the pseudo-first-order kinetics with degradation rate constant of 1.0675-1.6275 h-1, which is relative to the morphology of the structures.展开更多
文摘【目的】提出适合设施甜瓜栽培的微纳米气泡水(Micro-nano Bubble Water,MNBW)滴灌模式。【方法】以设施甜瓜为供试对象,采用地下滴灌系统进行MNBW灌溉,研究了MNBW和传统地下水(Conventional Groundwater,CGW)4种水源、2种施肥水平(100%和80%滴灌施肥水平)、3种滴灌频率(1/3、1/7、1/15次/d)等因素耦合对甜瓜产量、品质和灌溉水利用效率(Irrigation Water Use Efficiency,IWUE)的影响。【结果】使用MNBW滴灌可以实现肥料减施,削减20%传统滴灌施肥量可以大幅提高甜瓜的产量(增幅最高可达56.4%)和IWUE(增幅最高可达67.7%),可溶性糖量、维生素C量、可溶性固形物量也提升显著;灌溉频率也会影响MNBW滴灌的应用效果1/3次/d的高频滴灌下甜瓜的品质提升最为显著,与滴灌频率为1/15次/d相比,甜瓜的可溶性固形物量提高21.5%~28.0%、维生素C量提高11.6%~14.8%、茎粗提高8.5%~14.2%。如果未恰当采用未腐熟牛粪作为底肥,MNBW滴灌反而会大幅降低甜瓜的产量、品质与IWUE。【结论】推荐滴灌频率为1/3次/d的MNBW滴灌结合80%滴灌施肥水平作为设施甜瓜微纳米气泡水滴灌模式。
基金Project(13JJ1005)supported by the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province,China
文摘ZnSe microspheres were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method under mild conditions using aqueous zinc nitrate and sodium selenite as raw materials. The effects of hydrothermal temperature, reaction time, concentration of NaOH and amount of hydrazine hydrate on the phase structure, morphology and size of final products were carefully investigated. The phase structures, morphologies and optical properties of the final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. ZnSe microspheres assembled by average size (about 20 nm) nanocrystals were prepared using 20 mL of 1 mol/L NaOH solution and 10 mL of hydrazine hydrate at 180 °C for 4 h. The results show that the products obtained at low hydrothermal temperature and short reaction time have poor crystallinity and contain impurity phases. The appropriate NaOH concentration and amount of hydrazine hydrate ensure to obtain pure ZnSe with spherical morphology and better luminescence property.
基金Project (KKSY201205025) supported by Kunming University of Science and Technology Doctoral Scientific Research Fund, ChinaProject (2011408) supported by Testing and Analyzing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology
文摘The flower-like ZnO microstructure was prepared by a straightforward microwave-hydrothermal technique using zinc chloride and arginine solution as reactants. The as-synthesized crystal structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and the optical properties of the ZnO nanostructure were studied by Raman and photoluminescence （PL） spectra, which confirms the high crystal quality of ZnO microstructure. The as-synthesized ZnO flowers exhibit a significant enhancement of photocatalytic capability toward degrading methyl blue （MB） under UV light, the photodegradation of MB reaches 95.60%, only within 2 h of adding the as-synthesized ZnO in the MB solution under UV irradiation. Furthermore, the photodegradation could be described as the pseudo-first-order kinetics with degradation rate constant of 1.0675-1.6275 h-1, which is relative to the morphology of the structures.
