Bayesianism is a theory of probabilistic reasoning that attempts to capture the logic of confirming and disconfirming hypotheses. I first argue that Bayesianism reveals striking parallels between structures universall...Bayesianism is a theory of probabilistic reasoning that attempts to capture the logic of confirming and disconfirming hypotheses. I first argue that Bayesianism reveals striking parallels between structures universally held as paradigms of rational belief systems and structures typically considered clear examples of irrational belief systems. I next explain that the crucial difference between these two types of belief systems is found not inside the systems but outside them, in the dynamics, i.e., the attitudes, by which such systems are revised and maintained. The principal attitude that distinguishes these belief systems is ＂open-mindedness.＂ I conclude that rationality and irrationality are primarily properties of attitudes, and derivatively of persons （who exhibit such attitudes） and of beliefs （that are maintained by such attitudes）. It turns out then that, on the one hand, the Bayesian approach reveals important truths about the nature of rationality and irrationality, but, on the other hand, it is inadequate as a theory of rationality, since it leaves some aspects of rationality and irrationality unaccounted for. The Bayesian analysis on the basis of which these conclusions are reached arises from a careful examination of the Duhem problem, which is the problem of determining the disconfirmation impact on the plausibility of hypotheses collectively responsible for a false observational consequence.展开更多
The present manuscript aims to examine the impact of art on the cultivation of personality and sensitivity. The author suggests that education in art contributes to evolving sensibility towards the surrounding world. ...The present manuscript aims to examine the impact of art on the cultivation of personality and sensitivity. The author suggests that education in art contributes to evolving sensibility towards the surrounding world. The artistic knowledge or attitude helps us perceive and feel the quotidian with affection, imagination, and creativity. It functions as a complement to a rational understanding of reality. This paper retakes Aristotelian category of poiesis, considering it a creative act and delves into John Dewey＇s view of relations between education and art. Dewey f＇mds in the aesthetic-artistic experience of the quotidian a way to engage with the other and to treat life as something with deep aesthetic sense. The discussion shown in this article follows four main threads under the scope of the Deweynian notion of art as experience, They are the education for art, education by art, education in art, and the creative act of the quotidian.展开更多
文摘Bayesianism is a theory of probabilistic reasoning that attempts to capture the logic of confirming and disconfirming hypotheses. I first argue that Bayesianism reveals striking parallels between structures universally held as paradigms of rational belief systems and structures typically considered clear examples of irrational belief systems. I next explain that the crucial difference between these two types of belief systems is found not inside the systems but outside them, in the dynamics, i.e., the attitudes, by which such systems are revised and maintained. The principal attitude that distinguishes these belief systems is ＂open-mindedness.＂ I conclude that rationality and irrationality are primarily properties of attitudes, and derivatively of persons （who exhibit such attitudes） and of beliefs （that are maintained by such attitudes）. It turns out then that, on the one hand, the Bayesian approach reveals important truths about the nature of rationality and irrationality, but, on the other hand, it is inadequate as a theory of rationality, since it leaves some aspects of rationality and irrationality unaccounted for. The Bayesian analysis on the basis of which these conclusions are reached arises from a careful examination of the Duhem problem, which is the problem of determining the disconfirmation impact on the plausibility of hypotheses collectively responsible for a false observational consequence.
文摘The present manuscript aims to examine the impact of art on the cultivation of personality and sensitivity. The author suggests that education in art contributes to evolving sensibility towards the surrounding world. The artistic knowledge or attitude helps us perceive and feel the quotidian with affection, imagination, and creativity. It functions as a complement to a rational understanding of reality. This paper retakes Aristotelian category of poiesis, considering it a creative act and delves into John Dewey＇s view of relations between education and art. Dewey f＇mds in the aesthetic-artistic experience of the quotidian a way to engage with the other and to treat life as something with deep aesthetic sense. The discussion shown in this article follows four main threads under the scope of the Deweynian notion of art as experience, They are the education for art, education by art, education in art, and the creative act of the quotidian.
