Objective: To observe the physiological and psychological changing of type 2 diabetic patients after practicing Eight-Section Brocade, to evaluate the clinical curative effect, and to provide a safe and effective sel...Objective: To observe the physiological and psychological changing of type 2 diabetic patients after practicing Eight-Section Brocade, to evaluate the clinical curative effect, and to provide a safe and effective self-regulating method for type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This study is a random controlled trial, the 54 type 2 diabetic patients were randomly assigned into the intervention and the control group. The intervention group was given a 2-month period of Eight-Section Brocade practice, then a comparison between groups was made. The intervention group continued to do Eight-Section Brocade practice for 2 months, so it was 4 months' intervention all together for this group, and then a comparison within the intervention group was made. Results: There was significant difference 4 months later on HbAlc in the intervention group (P〈0.05). There was significant difference between the intervention and control groups on obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety and hostility scores after 2 months' practice (P〈0.05). There was significant difference between 2 and 4 months' practice on hostilities scores within the intervention group (P〈0.05). Conclusions: As an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine, Eight-section Brocade has physiological and psycholozical effects on type 2 Diabetic Patients.展开更多
This paper reports a small-scale study of needs analysis of leamers of Turkish as a foreign language at University of Florida. Needs analysis is described in the context of foreign language learning as "a systematic ...This paper reports a small-scale study of needs analysis of leamers of Turkish as a foreign language at University of Florida. Needs analysis is described in the context of foreign language learning as "a systematic and ongoing process of gathering information about students' needs and preferences, interpreting the information and then making course decisions in order to meet those needs" (Graves, 2000, p. 74). Because foreign language instruction has become much more learner-centered in recent years, needs analysis is a must for effective learning processes to occur (LONG, 1999, 2005; Kikuchi & Apple, 2006). In this context, the purpose of this pilot study is to gather information about the students' needs in learning Turkish at Center for European Studies, where less commonly taught languages, including Czech, Greek, Hungarian and Polish are offered. Drawing on interview data compiled from a number of studies (Tarone & Yule, 1989; LI & Richards, 1995), the findings indicate that the students' needs may be grouped under four categories including their linguistic needs, their objectives in learning Turkish, learning resources, psychological and sociological factors that may impact their learning experiences. In the light of the interview findings, certain suggestions as to how to teach Turkish effectively are made.展开更多
Throughout his work, Lev S. Vygotsky (1896-1934) pursued the objective of reformulating psychological theory. His historical-cultural analysis of the "crisis in psychology" showed that, beyond contradictions betwe...Throughout his work, Lev S. Vygotsky (1896-1934) pursued the objective of reformulating psychological theory. His historical-cultural analysis of the "crisis in psychology" showed that, beyond contradictions between the two main methodological currents---"objective/explanatory" and "subjective/intuitive"--psychology is primarily influenced by its empirical-sensory foundations. This influence is actually at the origin of the disagreement since it maintains the obligation for the two currents to make reference to empirical-sensory data. Only a general model of the developing human being, assessed by its usefulness, will allow reorienting psychology towards a broader science. This would lead to a general theory of psychology, which could then facilitate the search for tools for an indirect method enabling it to go beyond empiricism.展开更多
In this paper, the author discusses implications of original reportage texts in EFL teaching and learning from the perspectives of socio-linguistics and pragmatic competence. The author also discusses a proper approac...In this paper, the author discusses implications of original reportage texts in EFL teaching and learning from the perspectives of socio-linguistics and pragmatic competence. The author also discusses a proper approach for teaching medical postgraduate students, which is centered on students and based on research. This approach for teaching and leaning has been proved effective and students have improved in their socio-linguistic and pragmatic competences. This approach should have implications to EFL teachers who teach students of other specialties.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardotoxicity from recombinant human endostatin(rh-endostatin)combined with chemotherapy. METHODS A total of 12 cancer patients treated with rh- endostatin combined with chemotherapy were sel...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardotoxicity from recombinant human endostatin(rh-endostatin)combined with chemotherapy. METHODS A total of 12 cancer patients treated with rh- endostatin combined with chemotherapy were selected,and their clinical data collected.Their symptoms,including cardiopalmus, chest distress,dyspnea and changes in their electrocardiogram (ECG),myocardium enzymogram and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),were observed during the drug treatment.These indicators were used for early diagnosis of cardiotoxicity. RESULTS Compared with a pre-therapeutic value,there was a significant increase in the CK-MB value at one week after starting the treatment as well as at the end of treatment(P<0.05).There was a significant change in the ECG at the end of treatment, compared to a pre-therapeutic condition(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference when comparing the pre-and post- therapeutic LVEF values. CONCLUSION It was recognized that mild cardiac adverse reactions exist in the regimen of recombinant human endostatin combined with chemotherapy.This therapy caused definite injury to the cardiac muscle,but cardiac functions were not obviously changed.CK-MB and ECG may be used as indicators for early monitoring cardiac toxicity.Vigilance against cardiac adverse reactions should be heightened during a course of rh-endostatin combined with chemotherapy.展开更多
The inherent selfishness of each node for the enhancement of message successful delivery ratio and the network overall performance improvement are reflected in the contradiction relationship of competition and coopera...The inherent selfishness of each node for the enhancement of message successful delivery ratio and the network overall performance improvement are reflected in the contradiction relationship of competition and cooperation in delay/disruption tolerant networks (DTN). In particular, the existence of malicious node aggravates this contradiction. To resolve this contradiction, social relationship theory and group theory of social psychology were adopted to do an in-depth analysis. The concrete balancing approach which leveraged Nash equilibrium theory of game theory was proposed to resolve this contradiction in reality. Thus, a new congestion control routing algorithm for security defense based on social psychology and game theory (CRSG) was put forward. Through the experiment, this algorithm proves that it can enhance the message successful delivery ratio by more than 15% and reduce the congestion ratio over 15% as well. This algorithm balances the contradiction relationship between the two key performance targets and made all nodes exhibit strong cooperation relationship in DTN.展开更多
Code switching is an important research topic in a selection of academic fields including sociology, psychology and linguistics. Generally speaking, code switching, a common phenomenon in language contact, permeates b...Code switching is an important research topic in a selection of academic fields including sociology, psychology and linguistics. Generally speaking, code switching, a common phenomenon in language contact, permeates bilingual and multilingual society. It refers to circumstances in which a speaker uses two or more than two languages. This paper is intended to present an overall review of studies on code switching, focusing on motive. Code switching combines the social situation with the linguistic situation, in contrast to the different cultures in the speaker's cognitive structure. It has social functions that can change the social situation, which in turn sets up a new one. In conversation, code switching also reflects the speaker's psychological state and his/her attitude towards a certain language or languages. This paper will focus on the analysis of socio-psychological factors which exert strong influences upon code switching.展开更多
In order to improve the efficiency of learning the triangular membership functions( TMFs) for mining fuzzy association rule( FAR) in dynamic database,a single-pass fuzzy c means( SPFCM)algorithm is combined with the r...In order to improve the efficiency of learning the triangular membership functions( TMFs) for mining fuzzy association rule( FAR) in dynamic database,a single-pass fuzzy c means( SPFCM)algorithm is combined with the real-coded CHC genetic model to incrementally learn the TMFs. The cluster centers resulting from SPFCM are regarded as the midpoint of TMFs. The population of CHC is generated randomly according to the cluster center and constraint conditions among TMFs. Then a new population for incremental learning is composed of the excellent chromosomes stored in the first genetic process and the chromosomes generated based on the cluster center adjusted by SPFCM. The experiments on real datasets show that the number of generations converging to the solution of the proposed approach is less than that of the existing batch learning approach. The quality of TMFs generated by the approach is comparable to that of the batch learning approach. Compared with the existing incremental learning strategy,the proposed approach is superior in terms of the quality of TMFs and time cost.展开更多
Phillip Zarrilli is an acting teacher whose pedagogy incorporates the Asian disciplines of hatha yoga, kalarippayattu, and t 'ai chi ch 'uan. His intercultural pedagogy would be best labeled as "psychophysical" ba...Phillip Zarrilli is an acting teacher whose pedagogy incorporates the Asian disciplines of hatha yoga, kalarippayattu, and t 'ai chi ch 'uan. His intercultural pedagogy would be best labeled as "psychophysical" based on his own assertions and when bearing in mind the traditions that he considers most personally influential, all of which have intercultural elements, both Western and Asian. This paper examines Zarrilli's personal origins, his pedagogy, his teaching influences, and his legacy based on his artistic progeny. Information was gathered through interviews, personal observation, on-site participation, and literature. The subjects of these analyses were: the disciplines of Asian origin relevant to Zarrilli's pedagogy; how his teaching influences his students; Zarrilli's personal development from university to his present international teaching, directing, and writing; his past and current projects; and what his work means today.展开更多
Researchers have realized the importance of focusing on learners' errors. Then, as teachers, how should we treat students' errors in their second language acquisition? This essay attempts to overview the background...Researchers have realized the importance of focusing on learners' errors. Then, as teachers, how should we treat students' errors in their second language acquisition? This essay attempts to overview the background theories about learners' errors, especially those committed in the process of second language acquisition, and more importantly, to give some suggestions on how to deal with students' errors in the process of second language acquisition.展开更多
This paper is based on the author's work shop which provides educators with information on how to utilize "Soft Toy Theory". The workshop is based on a set of theoretical concepts taken from: psychology, play ther...This paper is based on the author's work shop which provides educators with information on how to utilize "Soft Toy Theory". The workshop is based on a set of theoretical concepts taken from: psychology, play therapy, and literacy theory which have been blended together to form a set of teaching approaches and lesson plan ideas that can be used in Literacy/English classes. The paper will also discuss the value of using "Story Sacks" to develop and raise levels of comprehension and understanding in extensive reading and reading programs. The application of "Soft Toy Theory" could also provide a positive social-psychological affect on the students. It is designed to creating bonding between teacher and student and student and student and to raise levels of self-esteem and enable the teachers to be able to access the thoughts and feelings of a child or young adu/t which can often be hard to discern from traditional direct question and answer sessions. "Soft Toy Theory" is a term that the author has adopted herself for using play, creativity, and art resources and soft toys to create dialogues in the Kindergarten and Elementary classroom: It is even possible to extend the use "Soft Toy Theory" to middle school, high school, and adult classrooms if the resources and topics and "tone" and tenor of teaching are appropriately adapted. Soft Toy Theory assumes that soft toys can include: actual soft toys, art resources, and other play resources: such as, sand, water, puppets, masks and clay. Story Sacks employ much of the theory that supports "soft toy usage" within the classroom. Story Sacks aim to provide inspiring resources whilst encouraging enjoyment and a greater comprehension of "real" books or "graded" readers. Additionally, Story Sacks can support extensive reading in the school and at home, and are a useful adjunct to Soft Toy Theory and supporting literacy activities in any classroom.展开更多
Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are increasingly considered independent health behaviors. Additionally, current research suggests that both controlled and automatic determinants accoun...Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are increasingly considered independent health behaviors. Additionally, current research suggests that both controlled and automatic determinants account for their adoption. The purpose of this article was to identify intention-automaticity profiles toward PA and screen-based SB and to examine how those profiles are associated with different behavioral patterns. Method: Two cross-sectional studies based on self-report questionnaires were conducted with French high school students (Study 1: n = 198; Study 2: n = 185). Results: In all, 4 distinct motivational profiles appeared. The first 3 clusters emerged in both studies: "PA" (high levels of automaticity and intention for PA, low levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB); "screen" (high levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB, low levels of automatieity and intention for PA), and "mixed" (high levels of all variables), whereas the fourth cluster was observed only in Study 2: "high control" (below-mean levels of automaticity, high levels of intention toward both PA and screen-based SB). Adolescents with a screen profile displayed the least healthy behavioral pattern, whereas those in the PA profile demonstrated the most favorable behaviors. Conclusion: Future research is needed to extend these results to other populations using complementary assessment methods of automatic psychological processes and PA and SB behaviors.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
The noise level of coal face by full-mechanized coal winning technology was measured in a coal mine. And then it was analyzed and evaluated using environment science, ergonomics and fussy mathematics analysis. Basis o...The noise level of coal face by full-mechanized coal winning technology was measured in a coal mine. And then it was analyzed and evaluated using environment science, ergonomics and fussy mathematics analysis. Basis of the statistics and analysis of the measured noise level some measures, such as applying the new materials and improving the construction of the equipment, were carried out. The resuts show that they can reduce the noise level, improve the working environment and enhance the work efficiency.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to provide an evaluation of the possible criteria used by the people of Thessaloniki for the evaluation of public goods and the investigation of the benefits of the conservation and restor...The purpose of this study is to provide an evaluation of the possible criteria used by the people of Thessaloniki for the evaluation of public goods and the investigation of the benefits of the conservation and restoration of city structures affected by carbon monoxide. These benefits are expressed in monetary units by using the CVM (Contingent Valuation Method). The maintenance of the urban environment often entails excessive costs paid by the people through taxation. A city free of aesthetic pollution results in an increase in tourism. A portion of taxation paid by the citizens is allocated to cleaning the city. An increase in tourism provides the government with additional revenue through VAT (Value Added Taxes). The main findings show that in a large proportion, 28% of the interviewees are willing to pay, but those that are willing to pay significant amounts tend to prefer mild interventions to the buildings, while those (42%) that agree with minimal to null amount demand radical intervention. The latter group, also, considers any contribution of theirs to restoration as unfair, judging that this expenditure should be covered exclusively by the State. Last but not least, from a sociopsychological point of view, this attitude could be attributed to extreme personalities which tend to prefer more holistic and direct solutions (i.e., no mixed strategy involving people and the State is acceptable by interviewees who considered themselves as having no further obligations after regular tax-paying); as a result, they think that the State is exclusively responsible to resolve the situation.展开更多
Group-invariant solutions to certain plane curve motions in Euclidean and centro-affine geometries areobtained. The behavior of some solutions is also presented.
The Luo Rudy models of mammalian ventricular cell were chosen in studying cardiac electrophysiology. Rush and Larsen’s algorithm and adaptive time step methods were used to solve the ordinary differential equations (...The Luo Rudy models of mammalian ventricular cell were chosen in studying cardiac electrophysiology. Rush and Larsen’s algorithm and adaptive time step methods were used to solve the ordinary differential equations (ODE’s). The operator splitting (or time splitting) and adaptive time step methods were used to solve the partial differential equations (PDE’s) in cardiac tissue conduction models. The alternating direction implicit (ADI) method was used to integrate the PDE. Using these methods we accomplished the simulation programs of single cardiomyocyte model, one dimensional cable model(1 D) and two dimensional(2 D) tissue model. The methods of initiating spiral waves were studied with these software. The data getting from 2 D simulation can be used for further study on isopotential contour lines, spiral wave tip trajectories, and pseudo ECG. The software for computer simulation have been successfully used in simulation studying of electrophysiology properties of single cardiomyocyte, conduction in one dimensional cable model(1 D) and two dimensional(2 D) tissue model.展开更多
School moral education is an important part of education, which concerns the students' growth and development in mental health. How to conduct moral education to help the students shape good moral norm is an issue fr...School moral education is an important part of education, which concerns the students' growth and development in mental health. How to conduct moral education to help the students shape good moral norm is an issue frequently discussed in the academic area. This paper probes into this issue from the formation of incorrect outlooks towards wealth and power, discusses the risks of apparently incorrect moral education, and suggests the right moral education ways, combined with some specific cases: return to the true state of morality in the concept of moralization; conduct the students' sense of value through teaching activities in the content of moralization; and of moralization. distinguish between good and evil in moral conflict in the way展开更多
The spiral has been studied for the first time in the book “About the spirals”, by Archimedes (Greece, 287-212 BC). In America, the design of spirals seems to have been used previous to Archimedes' time, although...The spiral has been studied for the first time in the book “About the spirals”, by Archimedes (Greece, 287-212 BC). In America, the design of spirals seems to have been used previous to Archimedes' time, although in the Northwest of Argentina the appearance of this figure in ceramics can be dated between the years 800 and 1,400 (AD). The spiral is found in cave paintings, in pumpkin carvings and in pottery, particularly those painted inside of plates (pucos in Quechua language).There can be seen simple linear spirals, double spirals and spirals filled with squares, spirals in two, facing each other symmetrically, as well as spirals joined to bodies of animals. The number of spires detected in the largest spiral is 12, a number of evidently sacred characteristics. When there are several spirals in an earthenware vessel, it can be seen that all of them spin to the same side whether it is clockwise or not. This could have been caused by the predominance of the use of either one hand or the other by the ancient artist. This paper is produced with computer methods used to design spirals in the computer, either Archimedes or the logarithmic ones. Finally, the book: “Man and his symbols” of the psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) help to understand this congruencies. In this paper, Mathematics is complemented with the Archeology of art and Psychology.展开更多
文摘Objective: To observe the physiological and psychological changing of type 2 diabetic patients after practicing Eight-Section Brocade, to evaluate the clinical curative effect, and to provide a safe and effective self-regulating method for type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This study is a random controlled trial, the 54 type 2 diabetic patients were randomly assigned into the intervention and the control group. The intervention group was given a 2-month period of Eight-Section Brocade practice, then a comparison between groups was made. The intervention group continued to do Eight-Section Brocade practice for 2 months, so it was 4 months' intervention all together for this group, and then a comparison within the intervention group was made. Results: There was significant difference 4 months later on HbAlc in the intervention group (P〈0.05). There was significant difference between the intervention and control groups on obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety and hostility scores after 2 months' practice (P〈0.05). There was significant difference between 2 and 4 months' practice on hostilities scores within the intervention group (P〈0.05). Conclusions: As an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine, Eight-section Brocade has physiological and psycholozical effects on type 2 Diabetic Patients.
文摘This paper reports a small-scale study of needs analysis of leamers of Turkish as a foreign language at University of Florida. Needs analysis is described in the context of foreign language learning as "a systematic and ongoing process of gathering information about students' needs and preferences, interpreting the information and then making course decisions in order to meet those needs" (Graves, 2000, p. 74). Because foreign language instruction has become much more learner-centered in recent years, needs analysis is a must for effective learning processes to occur (LONG, 1999, 2005; Kikuchi & Apple, 2006). In this context, the purpose of this pilot study is to gather information about the students' needs in learning Turkish at Center for European Studies, where less commonly taught languages, including Czech, Greek, Hungarian and Polish are offered. Drawing on interview data compiled from a number of studies (Tarone & Yule, 1989; LI & Richards, 1995), the findings indicate that the students' needs may be grouped under four categories including their linguistic needs, their objectives in learning Turkish, learning resources, psychological and sociological factors that may impact their learning experiences. In the light of the interview findings, certain suggestions as to how to teach Turkish effectively are made.
文摘Throughout his work, Lev S. Vygotsky (1896-1934) pursued the objective of reformulating psychological theory. His historical-cultural analysis of the "crisis in psychology" showed that, beyond contradictions between the two main methodological currents---"objective/explanatory" and "subjective/intuitive"--psychology is primarily influenced by its empirical-sensory foundations. This influence is actually at the origin of the disagreement since it maintains the obligation for the two currents to make reference to empirical-sensory data. Only a general model of the developing human being, assessed by its usefulness, will allow reorienting psychology towards a broader science. This would lead to a general theory of psychology, which could then facilitate the search for tools for an indirect method enabling it to go beyond empiricism.
文摘In this paper, the author discusses implications of original reportage texts in EFL teaching and learning from the perspectives of socio-linguistics and pragmatic competence. The author also discusses a proper approach for teaching medical postgraduate students, which is centered on students and based on research. This approach for teaching and leaning has been proved effective and students have improved in their socio-linguistic and pragmatic competences. This approach should have implications to EFL teachers who teach students of other specialties.
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardotoxicity from recombinant human endostatin(rh-endostatin)combined with chemotherapy. METHODS A total of 12 cancer patients treated with rh- endostatin combined with chemotherapy were selected,and their clinical data collected.Their symptoms,including cardiopalmus, chest distress,dyspnea and changes in their electrocardiogram (ECG),myocardium enzymogram and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),were observed during the drug treatment.These indicators were used for early diagnosis of cardiotoxicity. RESULTS Compared with a pre-therapeutic value,there was a significant increase in the CK-MB value at one week after starting the treatment as well as at the end of treatment(P<0.05).There was a significant change in the ECG at the end of treatment, compared to a pre-therapeutic condition(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference when comparing the pre-and post- therapeutic LVEF values. CONCLUSION It was recognized that mild cardiac adverse reactions exist in the regimen of recombinant human endostatin combined with chemotherapy.This therapy caused definite injury to the cardiac muscle,but cardiac functions were not obviously changed.CK-MB and ECG may be used as indicators for early monitoring cardiac toxicity.Vigilance against cardiac adverse reactions should be heightened during a course of rh-endostatin combined with chemotherapy.
基金Projects(61202488, 61070199, 61103182) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The inherent selfishness of each node for the enhancement of message successful delivery ratio and the network overall performance improvement are reflected in the contradiction relationship of competition and cooperation in delay/disruption tolerant networks (DTN). In particular, the existence of malicious node aggravates this contradiction. To resolve this contradiction, social relationship theory and group theory of social psychology were adopted to do an in-depth analysis. The concrete balancing approach which leveraged Nash equilibrium theory of game theory was proposed to resolve this contradiction in reality. Thus, a new congestion control routing algorithm for security defense based on social psychology and game theory (CRSG) was put forward. Through the experiment, this algorithm proves that it can enhance the message successful delivery ratio by more than 15% and reduce the congestion ratio over 15% as well. This algorithm balances the contradiction relationship between the two key performance targets and made all nodes exhibit strong cooperation relationship in DTN.
文摘Code switching is an important research topic in a selection of academic fields including sociology, psychology and linguistics. Generally speaking, code switching, a common phenomenon in language contact, permeates bilingual and multilingual society. It refers to circumstances in which a speaker uses two or more than two languages. This paper is intended to present an overall review of studies on code switching, focusing on motive. Code switching combines the social situation with the linguistic situation, in contrast to the different cultures in the speaker's cognitive structure. It has social functions that can change the social situation, which in turn sets up a new one. In conversation, code switching also reflects the speaker's psychological state and his/her attitude towards a certain language or languages. This paper will focus on the analysis of socio-psychological factors which exert strong influences upon code switching.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61301245,U1533104)
文摘In order to improve the efficiency of learning the triangular membership functions( TMFs) for mining fuzzy association rule( FAR) in dynamic database,a single-pass fuzzy c means( SPFCM)algorithm is combined with the real-coded CHC genetic model to incrementally learn the TMFs. The cluster centers resulting from SPFCM are regarded as the midpoint of TMFs. The population of CHC is generated randomly according to the cluster center and constraint conditions among TMFs. Then a new population for incremental learning is composed of the excellent chromosomes stored in the first genetic process and the chromosomes generated based on the cluster center adjusted by SPFCM. The experiments on real datasets show that the number of generations converging to the solution of the proposed approach is less than that of the existing batch learning approach. The quality of TMFs generated by the approach is comparable to that of the batch learning approach. Compared with the existing incremental learning strategy,the proposed approach is superior in terms of the quality of TMFs and time cost.
文摘Phillip Zarrilli is an acting teacher whose pedagogy incorporates the Asian disciplines of hatha yoga, kalarippayattu, and t 'ai chi ch 'uan. His intercultural pedagogy would be best labeled as "psychophysical" based on his own assertions and when bearing in mind the traditions that he considers most personally influential, all of which have intercultural elements, both Western and Asian. This paper examines Zarrilli's personal origins, his pedagogy, his teaching influences, and his legacy based on his artistic progeny. Information was gathered through interviews, personal observation, on-site participation, and literature. The subjects of these analyses were: the disciplines of Asian origin relevant to Zarrilli's pedagogy; how his teaching influences his students; Zarrilli's personal development from university to his present international teaching, directing, and writing; his past and current projects; and what his work means today.
文摘Researchers have realized the importance of focusing on learners' errors. Then, as teachers, how should we treat students' errors in their second language acquisition? This essay attempts to overview the background theories about learners' errors, especially those committed in the process of second language acquisition, and more importantly, to give some suggestions on how to deal with students' errors in the process of second language acquisition.
文摘This paper is based on the author's work shop which provides educators with information on how to utilize "Soft Toy Theory". The workshop is based on a set of theoretical concepts taken from: psychology, play therapy, and literacy theory which have been blended together to form a set of teaching approaches and lesson plan ideas that can be used in Literacy/English classes. The paper will also discuss the value of using "Story Sacks" to develop and raise levels of comprehension and understanding in extensive reading and reading programs. The application of "Soft Toy Theory" could also provide a positive social-psychological affect on the students. It is designed to creating bonding between teacher and student and student and student and to raise levels of self-esteem and enable the teachers to be able to access the thoughts and feelings of a child or young adu/t which can often be hard to discern from traditional direct question and answer sessions. "Soft Toy Theory" is a term that the author has adopted herself for using play, creativity, and art resources and soft toys to create dialogues in the Kindergarten and Elementary classroom: It is even possible to extend the use "Soft Toy Theory" to middle school, high school, and adult classrooms if the resources and topics and "tone" and tenor of teaching are appropriately adapted. Soft Toy Theory assumes that soft toys can include: actual soft toys, art resources, and other play resources: such as, sand, water, puppets, masks and clay. Story Sacks employ much of the theory that supports "soft toy usage" within the classroom. Story Sacks aim to provide inspiring resources whilst encouraging enjoyment and a greater comprehension of "real" books or "graded" readers. Additionally, Story Sacks can support extensive reading in the school and at home, and are a useful adjunct to Soft Toy Theory and supporting literacy activities in any classroom.
文摘Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are increasingly considered independent health behaviors. Additionally, current research suggests that both controlled and automatic determinants account for their adoption. The purpose of this article was to identify intention-automaticity profiles toward PA and screen-based SB and to examine how those profiles are associated with different behavioral patterns. Method: Two cross-sectional studies based on self-report questionnaires were conducted with French high school students (Study 1: n = 198; Study 2: n = 185). Results: In all, 4 distinct motivational profiles appeared. The first 3 clusters emerged in both studies: "PA" (high levels of automaticity and intention for PA, low levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB); "screen" (high levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB, low levels of automatieity and intention for PA), and "mixed" (high levels of all variables), whereas the fourth cluster was observed only in Study 2: "high control" (below-mean levels of automaticity, high levels of intention toward both PA and screen-based SB). Adolescents with a screen profile displayed the least healthy behavioral pattern, whereas those in the PA profile demonstrated the most favorable behaviors. Conclusion: Future research is needed to extend these results to other populations using complementary assessment methods of automatic psychological processes and PA and SB behaviors.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
文摘The noise level of coal face by full-mechanized coal winning technology was measured in a coal mine. And then it was analyzed and evaluated using environment science, ergonomics and fussy mathematics analysis. Basis of the statistics and analysis of the measured noise level some measures, such as applying the new materials and improving the construction of the equipment, were carried out. The resuts show that they can reduce the noise level, improve the working environment and enhance the work efficiency.
文摘The purpose of this study is to provide an evaluation of the possible criteria used by the people of Thessaloniki for the evaluation of public goods and the investigation of the benefits of the conservation and restoration of city structures affected by carbon monoxide. These benefits are expressed in monetary units by using the CVM (Contingent Valuation Method). The maintenance of the urban environment often entails excessive costs paid by the people through taxation. A city free of aesthetic pollution results in an increase in tourism. A portion of taxation paid by the citizens is allocated to cleaning the city. An increase in tourism provides the government with additional revenue through VAT (Value Added Taxes). The main findings show that in a large proportion, 28% of the interviewees are willing to pay, but those that are willing to pay significant amounts tend to prefer mild interventions to the buildings, while those (42%) that agree with minimal to null amount demand radical intervention. The latter group, also, considers any contribution of theirs to restoration as unfair, judging that this expenditure should be covered exclusively by the State. Last but not least, from a sociopsychological point of view, this attitude could be attributed to extreme personalities which tend to prefer more holistic and direct solutions (i.e., no mixed strategy involving people and the State is acceptable by interviewees who considered themselves as having no further obligations after regular tax-paying); as a result, they think that the State is exclusively responsible to resolve the situation.
文摘Group-invariant solutions to certain plane curve motions in Euclidean and centro-affine geometries areobtained. The behavior of some solutions is also presented.
基金Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.3 0 10 0 0 67)
文摘The Luo Rudy models of mammalian ventricular cell were chosen in studying cardiac electrophysiology. Rush and Larsen’s algorithm and adaptive time step methods were used to solve the ordinary differential equations (ODE’s). The operator splitting (or time splitting) and adaptive time step methods were used to solve the partial differential equations (PDE’s) in cardiac tissue conduction models. The alternating direction implicit (ADI) method was used to integrate the PDE. Using these methods we accomplished the simulation programs of single cardiomyocyte model, one dimensional cable model(1 D) and two dimensional(2 D) tissue model. The methods of initiating spiral waves were studied with these software. The data getting from 2 D simulation can be used for further study on isopotential contour lines, spiral wave tip trajectories, and pseudo ECG. The software for computer simulation have been successfully used in simulation studying of electrophysiology properties of single cardiomyocyte, conduction in one dimensional cable model(1 D) and two dimensional(2 D) tissue model.
文摘School moral education is an important part of education, which concerns the students' growth and development in mental health. How to conduct moral education to help the students shape good moral norm is an issue frequently discussed in the academic area. This paper probes into this issue from the formation of incorrect outlooks towards wealth and power, discusses the risks of apparently incorrect moral education, and suggests the right moral education ways, combined with some specific cases: return to the true state of morality in the concept of moralization; conduct the students' sense of value through teaching activities in the content of moralization; and of moralization. distinguish between good and evil in moral conflict in the way
文摘The spiral has been studied for the first time in the book “About the spirals”, by Archimedes (Greece, 287-212 BC). In America, the design of spirals seems to have been used previous to Archimedes' time, although in the Northwest of Argentina the appearance of this figure in ceramics can be dated between the years 800 and 1,400 (AD). The spiral is found in cave paintings, in pumpkin carvings and in pottery, particularly those painted inside of plates (pucos in Quechua language).There can be seen simple linear spirals, double spirals and spirals filled with squares, spirals in two, facing each other symmetrically, as well as spirals joined to bodies of animals. The number of spires detected in the largest spiral is 12, a number of evidently sacred characteristics. When there are several spirals in an earthenware vessel, it can be seen that all of them spin to the same side whether it is clockwise or not. This could have been caused by the predominance of the use of either one hand or the other by the ancient artist. This paper is produced with computer methods used to design spirals in the computer, either Archimedes or the logarithmic ones. Finally, the book: “Man and his symbols” of the psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) help to understand this congruencies. In this paper, Mathematics is complemented with the Archeology of art and Psychology.