运动心理动商及其实现路径

本文以运动心理动商作为切入点,分析研究其内涵和具体体现,并研究运动心理动商与智商、情商的关系,认为运动心理动商是动商中有关心理品质更加详细的诠释和体现,与智商、情商相互影响、相互作用。智商水平在一定程度上决定了运动心理动商水平,随着运动经验的增加和积累,运动心理动商也会提高智商水平;情商水平影响运动心理动商,同时运动心理动商提升后,个体的情商水平也将同步提升。

把握学生心理脉动 让批评积极起来

为了学生的健康发展,批评是必要的。针对人性的固有特点——爱听好话,教师要因时、因地、因人切入批评的角度,运用科学合理的方法,把握学生的心理脉动,让批评积极阳光起来,以期取得"良性刺激"的效应。

让心理活动由抽象走向具象

针对学生习作中诸如“我非常高兴”“我很生气”“我心里很难过”等等空泛的表达，探究如何教给孩子将心理活动写具体的方法，用具体可感的事物代替抽象的概述，让心理活动由抽象走向具象，让文章焕发生命力。

心理美学视域下的狄更斯小说创作

狄更斯将其成长与生活中形成的难以割舍的情感与经验参与到文学创作中,再经过自己审美心理的再体验与再创造,结合自己独特的心理机制,产生了大量通过再现儿童成长、爱情婚姻、社会体制等来表现"行善与爱"的主题精神的优秀作品。这些潜伏在作品之下的情感使得狄更斯的小说在主题上具有深刻的一致性,让他的小说达到了哲学命意的超越与审美追求的统一。

站在幸福的边沿——高等师范院校学生的“幸福感”及心理健康调查

世界卫生组织1989年提出：“健康不仅是没有疾病,而且包括躯体健康、心理健康、社会适应良好和道德健康。”心理健康是指个人能够充分发挥自己的最大潜能,以及妥善处理和适应人与人之间、人与社会环境之间的相互关系。1946年第三届国际心理卫生大会具体提出,心理健康就是指：(1)身体、智力、情绪十分调和；(2)适应环境,人际关系中能彼比谦让；(3)有幸福感；(4)

发展性阅读障碍的理论及眼动研究

关于发展性阅读障碍,国外研究者,基于认知和生物因素,先后提出了语音缺陷论、小脑缺陷论、一般性大细胞功能障碍论等对发展性阅读障碍进行解释,并考察了患者的眼动特征,提出了有效的诊治方法。目前,汉语发展性阅读障碍研究主要局限在语音和正字法领域,也涉及局部脑区的功能缺陷,但还未从多角度测查其成因,如眼动。这里,在理论梳理的基础上,系统探讨了发展性阅读障碍者的眼动特征,如注视时间、注视次数、眼跳、回视等,及视觉加工的眼动机制。

论潘菽的美育思想

潘菽反对偏向绝对客观或绝对主观的本质主义美学,认为审美对象不能仅限于艺术,要树立整全审美对象观;他还提出从审美同时性与审美时机化把握审美生活;认为美育有助于塑造敏捷、触时机而发的动态完满人格。在美育与德育的关系上,他认为二者是一种或然的、非直接逻辑推导的关系,创造性地提出美育的兴发作用是中性的观点。此外,他从手段与鹄的角度阐发美育的功能,既批评蔡元培夸大美育功能的倾向,也从美好生活这一教育根本目的角度提出美育是教育归宿这一卓见。

眼动追踪技术与翻译过程研究:基于知网数据的计量分析

眼动追踪技术这种数据收集方式缘起于19世纪,因其生态效度高、数据丰富精确等优点,广泛应用于各学科研究。本文基于对眼动追踪技术应用研究的梳理,发现该项技术目前主要应用于心理学科,集中在阅读研究方面,而在国内翻译过程研究中应用很少,主要是针对该技术在国外翻译研究中的应用以及对国内翻译研究的启示。本文指出眼动追踪技术的应用将为翻译过程研究提供崭新的视角,同时提出该技术与击键记录法等研究方法相结合形成多元互证模式将成为翻译过程研究的必然趋势。

妙笔生奇葩 处处荡心声——论《西厢记》的人物心理描写

文艺作品中人物心理感情的描写,是深化人物形象,增强人物的真实感、立体感,从而使其产生巨大艺术魅力的重要手段。我国优秀古典戏曲《西厢记》,不仅以其深邃的思想、动人的情节、宏伟的结构和华美的语言赢得了"天下夺魁"的盛誉,而且在对人物心理精确而细腻的刻画上,也取得了令人惊叹的成就。

解读巴恩斯《10 1/2卷人的历史》的艺术美学特色

立足于巴恩斯的创作心理动势,在心理美学的视阈下分别从艺术形式、艺术范式以及艺术接受三个方面对文本《10 1/2卷人的历史》进行阐述分析,力图解读出其在后现代这一背景下富于哲思的内涵及艺术美学特色。

Design and Research on Artificial Rumen Continuous Culture System

[Objective] The paper was to study the dynamic changes of forage nutrient substance fermentation in rumen, and a set of continuous culture system of artificial rumen was designed. [Method] With in vivo as control, the simulating rumen fer- mentation effect in vitro culture system was evaluated. [Result] The simulation rumen fermentation test needed adaptive phase of 2-3 d, and the fermentation state was relatively stable within 3-9 d, with good effects. The test showed certain regularity variation with index value of rumen in vivo. [Conclusion] The continuous culture sys- tem of artificial rumen could be used as the ideal model to study the rumen fermen- tation in vivo.

The psychological teaching approach to basic foreign language teaching

Basic foreign language teaching for language majors plays a significant role in the process of foreign language teaching and is also a crucial stage in the training of foreign language talents. During the stage teachers should learn about students＇ learning motives and the beginners＇ psychological state to rouse students＇ interest and mobilize their initiatives so that students can change from passive learning to active learning. The teaching effects will thereby be substantially enhanced.

如何提升法制栏目编导的素质

我国电视法制节目已经走过了20载春秋,呈现出日益繁荣的局面,推动了社会主义法治和民主建设的进程,增强了国民的法制意识,公民的法律知识和法律意识随之增强。但不可否认的是,我国法治建设还处于初级阶段,发展的不完善也影响了电视作为其传播载体作用的发挥。在承担法制启蒙功能的同时,法制节目也暴露出一些问题,具体有以下几个方面。

抽动秽语综合征患儿心理状况调查

抽动秽语综合征（TouretteSsyndrome，TS）是一种儿童期起病，以运动性抽动伴发声抽动为特征的复杂的慢性神经精神障碍，并常伴随一系列相关的行为和情绪症状，包括强迫症、注意缺陷、多动障碍、学习困难和情绪障碍等。治疗方面注重心理及药物治疗，

Psychological intervention reduces postembolization pain during hepatic arterial chemoembolization therapy:A complementary approach to drug analgesia

AIM: To assess whether psychological intervention reduces postembolization pain during hepatic arterial chemoembolization therapy. METHODS: Two hundred and sixty-two patients, who required hepatic arterial chemoembolization for hepatic malignancy and postembolization pain, were randomized into control group (n = 46, receiving medication) and intervention group (n = 216, receiving psychological intervention and medication in turn). The symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) was used to scale the psychological symptoms of the patients before operation. Pain was scored with a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (NRS-10) before and after analgesia as well as after psychological intervention (only in intervention group). RESULTS: All psychological symptomatic scores measured with SCL-90 in the intervention group were higher than the normal range in Chinese (P < 0.05). The somatization, phobia and anxiety symptomatic scores were associated with pain numerical rating score before analgesia (r = 0.141, 0.157 and 0.192, respectively, P < 0.05). Patients in both groups experienced pain relief after medication, psychotherapy or psychotherapy combined with medication during the procedure (P < 0.01). Only some patients in the intervention group reported partial or entire pain relief (29.17% and 2.31%) after psychological intervention. The pain score after analgesia in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Severe psychological distress occurs in patients with hepatic malignancy. Psychological intervention reduces pain scores significantly during hepatic arterial chemoembolization therapy and is thus, highly recommended as a complementary approach to drug analgesia.

Cardiac evaluation of liver transplant candidates

Physicians previously thought that heart disease was rare in patients with end stage liver disease. However, recent evidence shows that the prevalence of ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy is increased in transplant candidates compared to most other surgical candidates. Investigators estimate that up to 26% of all liver transplant candidates have at least one critical coronary artery stenosis and that at least half of these patients will die perioperatively of cardiac complications. Cardiomyopathy also occurs in greater frequency. While all patients with advanced cardiac disease have defects in cardiac performance, a larger than expected number of patients have classical findings of dilated, restrictive and hypertropic cardiomyopathy. This may explain why up to 56% of patients suffer from hypoxemia due to pulmonary edema following transplant surgery. There is considerable controversy on how to screen transplant candidates for the presence of heart disease. Questions focus upon, which patients should be screened and what tests should be used. This review examines screening strategies for transplant candidates and details the prognostic value of common tests used to identify ischemic heart disease. We also review the physiological consequences of cardiomyopathy in transplant candidates and explore the specific syndrome of "cirrhotic cardiomyopathy".

Motivation dimensions for running a marathon:A new model emerging from the Motivation of Marathon Scale(MOMS)

Purpose：The aim of this study was to test and expand the Motivation of Marathoners Scale（MOMS） model（Masters et al.,1993）.Methods：The MOMS questionnaire was distributed to 306 male and female marathon runners（age range：20–77 years） with experience in marathon running（range：1–44 runs）.A confirmatory factor analysis（CFA） revealed that the original Purpose：The aim of this study was to test and expand the Motivation of Marathoners Scale（MOMS） model（Masters et al.,1993）.Methods：The MOMS questionnaire was distributed to 306 male and female marathon runners（age range：20-77 years） with experience in marathon running（range：1-44 runs）.A confirmatory factor analysis（CFA） revealed that the original model failed to fit the data.Hence,exploratory factor analysis（EFA） was performed to test the best factorial solution for the current data,and a subsequent CFA was performed on the revised factorial structure.Then,a series of EFAs using maximum likelihood factor extraction method were performed.Results：The best structure solution for model-data fit resulted in 11 factors：psychological coping-emotional-related coping,psychological coping-everyday-life management,life meaning,self-esteem,recognition,affiliation,weight concerns,general health orientation-reduced disease prevalence and longevity,general health orientation-keep fit,competition,and personal goal achievement.Conclusion：This study provides a sound and solid framework for studying motivation for physically demanding tasks such as marathon runs,and needs to be similarly applied and tested in studies incorporating physical tasks which vary in mental demands.

Effects of psychological stress on small intestinal motility and expression of cholecystokinin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in plasma and small intestine in mice

AIM: To investigate the effects of psychological stress on small intestinal motility and expression of cholecystokinin (CCK) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in plasma and small intestine, and to explore the relationship between small intestinal motor disorders and gastrointestinal hormones under psychological stress. METHODS: Thirty-six mice were randomly divided into psychological stress group and control group. A mouse model with psychological stress was established by housing the mice with a hungry cat in separate layers of a two-layer cage. A semi-solid colored marker (carbon-ink) was used for monitoring small intestinal transit. CCK and VIP levels in plasma and small intestine in mice were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS: Small intestinal transit was inhibited (52.18±19.15% vs70.19±17.79%, P<0.01) in mice after psychological stress, compared to the controls. Small intestinal CCK levels in psychological stress mice were significantly lower than those in the control group (0.75±0.53 μg/g vs1.98±1.17 μg/g, P<0.01), whereas plasma CCK concentrations were not different between the groups. VIP levels in small intestine were significantly higher in psychological stress mice than those in the control group (8.45±1.09 μg/g vs7.03±2.36 μg/g, P<0.01), while there was no significant difference in plasma VIP levels between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Psychological stress inhibits the small intestinal transit, probably by down-regulating CCK and up-regulating VIP expression in small intestine.

Effects of psychological stress on small intestinal motility and bacteria and mucosa in mice

AIM: To investigate the effects of psychological stress on small intestinal motility and bacteria and mucosa in mice, and to explore the relationship between small intestinal dysfunction and small intestinal motility and bacteria and mucosa under psychological stress. METHODS: Sixty mice were randomly divided into psychological stress group and control group. Each group were subdivided into small intestinal motility group (n= 10), bacteria group (n = 10), and D-xylose administered to stomach group (n= 10). An animal model with psychological stress was established housing the mice with a hungry cat in separate layers of a two-layer cage. A semi-solid colored marker (carbon-ink) was used for monitoring small intestinal transit. The proximal small intestine was harvested under sterile condition and processed for quantitation for aerobes (Escherichia coli) and anaerobes (Lactobacilli). The quantitation of bacteria was expressed as Iog10(colony forming units/g). D-xylose levels in plasma were measured for estimating trie damage of small intestinal mucosa. RESULTS: Small intestinal transit was inhibited (39.80±9.50% vs 58.79±11.47%,P<0.01) in mice after psychological stress, compared with the controls. Psychological stress resulted in quantitative alterations in the aerobes (E.coli). There was an increase in the number of E coli in the proximal small intestinal flora (1.78±0.30 log10(CFU/g) vs 1.37±0.21 log10(CFU/g), P<0.01), and there was decrease in relative proportion of Lactobacilli and E.coli of stressed mice (0.53±0.63 vs 1.14±1.07,P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the anaerobes (Lactobacilli) between the two groups (2.31±0.70 log10 (CFU/g) vs 2.44±0.37 log10(CFU/g), P>0.05). D-xylose concentrations in plasma in psychological stress mice were significantly higher than those in the control group (2.90±0.89 mmol/L vs 0.97±0.33 mmol/L, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Small intestinal dysfunction under psychological stress may be related to the small intestinal motility disorder and dysbacteriosis and the damage of mucosa probably caused by psychological stress.

Effect of psychological stress on gastric motility assessed by electrical bio-impedance

AIM:To evaluate gastric motility using electrical bioimpedance(EBI) and gastric changes as a result of stress induced by psychological tests.METHODS:A group of 57 healthy women,aged 40-60 years,was recruited,and a clinical history and physical examination were performed.The women were free from severe anxiety,chronic or acute stress,severe depression,mental diseases and conditions that affect gastric activity.The women were evaluated under fasting conditions,and using a four-electrode configuration,the gastric signals were obtained through a BIOPAC MP-150 system.The volunteers were evaluated using the following paradigm:basal state,recording during the Stroop Test,intermediate resting period,recording during the Raven Test,and a final resting period.We analyzed the relative areas of the frequency spectrum:A1(1-2 cpm),A2(2-4 cpm),A3(4-8 cpm),and A4(8-12 cpm),as well as the median of area A2 + A3.The data were analyzed by an autoregressive method using a Butterworth filter with MatLab and Origin.Analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Friedman ANOVA(for nonparametric variables) were performed;in addition,pairs of groups were compared using the T dependent and Wilcoxon T tests.RESULTS:The results of the main values of area A2 were not significantly different comparing the five steps of the experimental paradigm.Nevertheless,there was a tendency of this A2 region to decrease during the stress tests,with recuperation at the final resting step.When an extended gastric region was considered(1-4 cpm),significant differences with the psychological stress tests were present(F = 3.85,P = 0.005).The A3 region also showed significant changes when the stress psychological tests were administered(F = 7.25,P < 0.001).These differences were influenced by the changes in the adjacent gastric region of A2.The parameter that we proposed in previous studies for the evaluation of gastric motility by electrical bio-impedance(EBI) was the median of the area under the region from 2 to 8 cpm(A2 + A3).The mean values of these frequencies(median of the A2 + A3 area) with the stress test showed significant changes(F = 5.5,P < 0.001).The results of the WilcoxonT test for the A4 area parameter,which is influenced by the breathing response,changed significantly during the Raven stress test(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:We confirm that the gastric response to acute psychological stress can be evaluated by short-term EBI.