To systematically review literature addressing three key psychologically-oriented controversies associated with gastroparesis.METHODSA comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was performed to id...To systematically review literature addressing three key psychologically-oriented controversies associated with gastroparesis.METHODSA comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was performed to identify literature addressing the relationship between gastroparesis and psychological factors. Two researchers independently screened all references. Inclusion criteria were: an adult sample of gastroparesis patients, a quantitative methodology, and at least one of the following: (1) evaluation of the prevalence of psychopathology; (2) an outcome measure of anxiety, depression, or quality of life; and (3) evidence of a psychological intervention. Case studies, review articles, and publications in languages other than English were excluded from the current review.RESULTSPrevalence of psychopathology was evaluated by three studies (n = 378), which found that combined anxiety/depression was present in 24% of the gastroparesis cohort, severe anxiety in 12.4%, depression in 21.8%-23%, and somatization in 50%. Level of anxiety and depression was included as an outcome measure in six studies (n = 1408), and while limited research made it difficult to determine the level of anxiety and depression in the cohort, a clear positive relationship with gastroparesis symptom severity was evident. Quality of life was included as an outcome measure in 11 studies (n = 2076), with gastroparesis patients reporting lower quality of life than population norms, and a negative relationship between quality of life and symptom severity. One study assessed the use of a psychological intervention for gastroparesis patients (n = 120) and found that depression and gastric function were improved in patients who received psychological intervention, however the study had considerable methodological limitations.CONCLUSIONGastroparesis is associated with significant psychological distress and poor quality of life. Recommendations for future studies and the development of psychological interventions are provided.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness meditation on trait mindfulness,perceived stress,emotion regulation,and quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.Meth...Objective:This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness meditation on trait mindfulness,perceived stress,emotion regulation,and quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods:An experimental study with repeated measures design was conducted among a sample of 74 end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis between January and May 2021 in the dialysis center at Jahra hospital,Kuwait.The patients were randomly assigned to the experimental(n?37)and control groups(n?37).The experimental group participated in 30-min mindfulness meditation sessions(three sessions a week for five weeks)held during their hemodialysis sessions;the participants in the control group were instructed to sit with their eyes closed and relaxed for 30 min three times a week for five weeks during hemodialysis sessions.The dependent variables of both groups were measured at baseline(T0),middle of intervention(T1),and end of intervention(T2)using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS),Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ),and Kidney Disease Quality of Life(KDQOL-36)questionnaire.The study was registered in the ClinicalTrial.gov(Identifier:NCT05176730).Results:The repeated measures ANOVA(within-subject)results for the experimental group showed that mindfulness meditation had significantly decreased perceived stress by the end of the intervention.Also,mindfulness meditation improved mindfulness,emotion regulation,and kidney disease-related quality of life in the experimental group,and this improvement occurred significantly at both T1 and T2.The repeated measures ANOVA(within and between-subject)results showed that the experimental group,as compared to the control group,had lower perceived stress,higher trait mindfulness,higher emotional regulation,and higher kidney disease-related quality of life over time.Conclusions:The positive findings of this study offer health policy-makers and hospital administrators a promising tool to use with patients undergoing hemodialysis as a way to manage stress and improve quality of life.However,this study should be replicated in multiple settings with follow-up assessments.展开更多
AIM:To investigate health-related quality of life(HRQoL) and psychological outcomes in 256 adults who had undergone liver transplantation(LT).METHODS:A stratified random sampling method was used in this follow-up mult...AIM:To investigate health-related quality of life(HRQoL) and psychological outcomes in 256 adults who had undergone liver transplantation(LT).METHODS:A stratified random sampling method was used in this follow-up multicenter study to select a representative sample of recipients undergoing either living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) or deceased donor liver transplantation(DDLT).HRQoL was measured by using the Chinese version of Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36(SF-36),and psychological outcomes by using the beck anxiety inventory(BAI) and the self-rating depression scale(SDS).Clinical and demographic data were collected from the records of the Chinese Liver Transplant Registry and via questionnaires.RESULTS:A total of 256 patients were sampled,including 66(25.8%) receiving LDLT and 190(74.2%) undergoing DDLT;15(5.9%) recipients had anxiety and four(1.6%) developed severe depression after the operation.Compared with LDLT recipients,DDLT patients had higher scores in general health(60.33 ± 16.97 vs 66.86 ± 18.42,P = 0.012),role-physical(63.64 ± 42.55 vs 74.47 ± 36.46,P = 0.048),roleemotional(61.11 ± 44.37 vs 78.95 ± 34.31,P = 0.001),social functioning(78.60 ± 22.76 vs 88.16 ± 21.85,P = 0.003),vitality(70.30 ± 15.76 vs 75.95 ± 16.40,P = 0.016),mental health(65.88 ± 12.94 vs 71.85 ± 15.45,P = 0.005),physical component summary scale(PCS,60.07 ± 7.36 vs 62.58 ± 6.88,P = 0.013) and mental component summary scale(MCS,52.65 ± 7.66 vs 55.95 ± 10.14,P = 0.016).Recipients > 45 years old at the time of transplant scored higher in vitality(77.33 ± 15.64 vs 72.52 ± 16.66,P = 0.020),mental health(73.64 ± 15.06 vs 68.00 ± 14.65,P = 0.003) and MCS(56.61 ± 10.00 vs 54.05 ± 9.30,P = 0.037) than those aged ≤ 45 years.MCS was poorer in recipients with than in those without complications(52.92 ± 12.21 vs 56.06 ± 8.16,P = 0.017).Regarding MCS(55.10 ± 9.66 vs 50.0 ± 10.0,P < 0.05) and PCS(61.93 ± 7.08 vs 50.0 ± 10.0,P < 0.05),recipients scored better than the Sichuan general and had improved overall QoL compared to patients with chronic diseases.MCS and PCS significantly correlated with scores of the BAI(P < 0.001) and the SDS(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Age > 45 years at time of transplant,DDLT,full-time working,no complications,anxiety and depression were possible factors influencing postoperative HRQoL in liver recipients.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the health related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological outcome of donors after living donor liver transplantation. METHODS: Participants were 92 consecutive liver transplant donors who underw...AIM: To investigate the health related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological outcome of donors after living donor liver transplantation. METHODS: Participants were 92 consecutive liver transplant donors who underwent hepatectomy with- out middle hepatic vein at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2007 and Sep- tember 2010. HRQoL was measured using the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), and psychological symptoms were measured using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Data collected from donors were compared to previ- ously published data from the general population. Clin- ical and demographic data were collected from medical records and questionnaires.RESULTS: The general health score of the SF-36 was significantly lower in females (59.78 ± 12.25) than in males (75.83 ± 22.09). Donors more than 40 years old scored higher in social functioning (85.71 ± 14.59) and mental health (82.61 ± 20.00) than those younger than 40 (75.00 ± 12.13, 68.89 ± 12.98; social func- tioning and mental health, respectively). Donors who had surgery more than two years prior to the study scored highest in physical functioning (P = 0.001) and bodily pain (P = 0.042) while those less than one year from surgery scored lowest. The health of the liver recipient significantly influenced the general health (P = 0.042), social functioning (P = 0.010), and role- emotional (P = 0.028) of donors. Donors with full-time employment scored highest in role-physical (P = 0.005), vitality (P = 0.001), social functioning (P = 0.016), mental health (P < 0.001), the physical component summary scale (P < 0.001), and the mental compo- nent summary scale (MCS) (P < 0.001). Psychological measures indicated that donors were healthier than the general population in obsessive-compulsive behav- ior, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, and para- noid ideation. The MCS of the SF-36 was significantly correlated with most symptom scores of the SCL-90-R. CONCLUSION: HRQoL and psychological outcome were favorable in living liver transplant donors after donation. Specifically, gender, age, time since opera- tion, recipient health condition, and employment after donation, influenced postoperative quality of life.展开更多
Sufferers of breast cancer are often plagued by various psychological problems. Mastectomy, which has a serious influence on the female sex characteristics, can bring about especially serious psychological problems. T...Sufferers of breast cancer are often plagued by various psychological problems. Mastectomy, which has a serious influence on the female sex characteristics, can bring about especially serious psychological problems. These problems affect not only the patients’ quality of life but also the beginning, development, and end of the disease. This paper reviewed the relationships between the patients’ personal factors, the disease itself, treatment factors, and other socio-psychological factors and psychological conditions so as to provide new ideas for the psychological intervention on breast cancer patients, comprehensive clinical diagnosis and treatment, and prevention and cure.展开更多
The House of the Seven Gables (1981), Hawthorne's second romance, is his another masterpiece after The Scarlet Letter (1956). The achievement of its themes and narrative skills has been greatly complimented by re...The House of the Seven Gables (1981), Hawthorne's second romance, is his another masterpiece after The Scarlet Letter (1956). The achievement of its themes and narrative skills has been greatly complimented by readers, especially its descriptions and analyses of the characters' psychological activities and their personalities. The notorious Salem Witch Trials of Hawthorne's family has a great effect on Hawthorne's formation of his views about the good and evil, the sin and penalty, and the psychological descriptive style in his works. In The House of the Seven Gables, Hawthorne takes this family history as the original writing background. Through exploring modem people's spiritual essence, using history as narrative original, Hawthorne's theme illustrates the past's influence on the present. By exploring the changes of the characters' psychologies and values, especially those of Holgrave, the narrator proposes a conception of general love to eradicate the actual contradictions. Hawthorne actually provides an alternative way--a nonpolitical solution to the national problems, which demonstrates not only his artistic pursuit but also his culturally political view in his writing. This paper consists of five parts.展开更多
The breeding and communication of cult are all realized on the base of psychological activities, psychological factors play an important role in preventing and resisting breeding and communication of cult, and in this...The breeding and communication of cult are all realized on the base of psychological activities, psychological factors play an important role in preventing and resisting breeding and communication of cult, and in this paper, it demonstrates respectively at this point, and starts from forming the long-term mechanism of the Chinese cult governance and proposes the conception and specific suggestions accordingly of establishing the national psychological assistance system to prevent and resist breeding and communication of cult展开更多
Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fi...Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fitness, and promote a comprehensive development of their physical and mental activity, meanwhile basketball is not only a comprehensive gaming activity, but also an integral part of modern competitive sports, in some way, basketball culture is belonging to a particular social and cultural patterns. The quality of the basketball culture can cultivate people' s sentiments in the teaching process, and develop human wisdom, so that people grasp different spatial abilities and skills with the laws and govern the movement of the body under the time, the paper analyzes Practice mode theoretical framework of the construction of the basketball sports college education curriculum system.展开更多
This paper analyzes how caregivers' narratives about pain and illness are constructed, and also what narrative identities are formed during the lengthy process of taking care of a woman with cerebral palsy, from the ...This paper analyzes how caregivers' narratives about pain and illness are constructed, and also what narrative identities are formed during the lengthy process of taking care of a woman with cerebral palsy, from the years of 1972 to 2014. Of particular interest is how these voices narrate feelings of struggle in order to cope with their own needs and the needs of a disabled woman. How this situation affected their way of living, their views about life through gender-sex, violent, discriminatory, psycho-social and cultural perspectives (Lamas, 2002)? This study also draws from Hydrn's ideas regarding narratives about illness to identify diverse forms to represent reality by means of creating affective bonds, including aspects such as plot, metaphors and the construction or reconstruction of the Self (1995; 1997), which can be related to the transformation of the narrative identity (Ricoeur, 1995; 1996) of each caregiver. This study aims to open other scenarios to establish public policies of support for caregivers and for the disabled, and to question the role that government and medical institutional have played in order to benefit the society as a whole.展开更多
AIM: To analyze the correlation between preexisting comorbidity and other clinicopathological features, short-term surgical outcome and long-term survival in elderly patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: Acc...AIM: To analyze the correlation between preexisting comorbidity and other clinicopathological features, short-term surgical outcome and long-term survival in elderly patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: According to age, 403 patients operated on for CRC in our department were divided into group A (< 70 years old) and group B (≥ 70 years old) and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Rectal localization prevailed in group A (31.6% vs 19.7%, P = 0.027), whereas the percentage of R0 resections was 77% in the two groups. Comorbidity rate was 46.2% and 69.1% for group A and B, respectively (P < 0.001), with a huge difference as regards cardiovascular diseases. Overall, postoperative morbidity was 16.9% and 20.8% in group A and B, respectively (P = 0.367), whereas mortality was limited to group B (4.5%, P = 0.001). In both groups, patients who suffered from postoperative complications had a higher overall comorbidity rate, with preexisting cardiovascular diseases prevailing in group B (P = 0.003). Overall 5-year survival rate was significantly betterfor group A (75.2% vs 55%, P = 0.006), whereas no signif icant difference was observed considering disease-specif ic survival (76.3% vs 76.9%, P = 0.674). CONCLUSION: In spite of an increase in postoperative mortality and a lower overall long-term survival for patients aged ≥ 70 years old, it should be considered that, even in the elderly group, a signif icant number of patients is alive 5 years after CRC resection.展开更多
In recent years, the retired veteran cadres have grown older and older, and their numbers have also increased year by year. In this case, how to maintain the physical and mental health of empty nest veteran cadre, and...In recent years, the retired veteran cadres have grown older and older, and their numbers have also increased year by year. In this case, how to maintain the physical and mental health of empty nest veteran cadre, and further improve the quality of their life has been a realistic problem many primary health care doctors have to face and solve.展开更多
According to the principle of enzyme reaction rate, healthy pent black bears’ myocardial enzyme activity is assayed by visual colorimetry and compared with that of healthy human beings. The determination at 37 °...According to the principle of enzyme reaction rate, healthy pent black bears’ myocardial enzyme activity is assayed by visual colorimetry and compared with that of healthy human beings. The determination at 37 °C and the statistic analysis of the experimental data work out the following findings. For male black bears, the average CK activity is 163.20 U/L, the confidence interval of its expected value (127.70 to 198.70) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 39.2%; the average CK-MB activity 21.62 U/L, the confidential interval (17.72 to 25.51) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 34.26%; the average LDH activity 604.20 U/L, the confidence interval (524.56 to 683.83) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 23.80%; the average HBDH activity 516.70 U/L, the confidence interval (453.06 to 580.34) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 22.24%; the average GOT activity 69.70 U/L, the confidence interval (60.21 to 79.19) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 24.59%. For female black bears, the average CK activity is 145.50 U/L, the confidence interval (114.59 to 176.21) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 38.27%; the average CK-MB activity 18.84 U/L, the confidence interval (14.64 to 23.04) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 40.34%; the average LDH activity 563.70 U/L, the confidence interval (473.80 to 652.60) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 28.80%; the average of HBDH activity 475.50 U/L, the confidence interval (412.10 to 538.40) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 24.07%; the average of GOT activity is 62.37 U/L, the confidential interval (52.54 to 72.20) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 28.46%. The male black bear’s average myocardium enzyme activities are slightly higher than those of the female. But the statistical results indicate that the difference is not significant.展开更多
In recent years the advent of programs for enhanced recovery after major surgery (ERAS) has led to modifications of long-standing and well-established perioperative treatments. These programs are used to target factor...In recent years the advent of programs for enhanced recovery after major surgery (ERAS) has led to modifications of long-standing and well-established perioperative treatments. These programs are used to target factors that have been shown to delay postoperative recovery (pain, gut dysfunction, immobility) and combine a series of interventions to reduce perioperative stress and organ dysfunction. With due differences, the programs of enhanced recovery are generally based on the preoperative amelioration of the patient's clinical conditions with whom they present for the operation, on the intraoperative and postoperative avoidance of medications that could slow the resumption of physiological activities, and on the promotion of positive habits in the early postoperative period. Most of the studies were conducted on elective patients undergoing colorectal procedures (either laparotomic or laparoscopic surgery). Results showed that ERAS protocols significantly improved the lung function and reduced the time to resumption of oral diet, mobilization and passage of stool, hospital stay and return to normal activities. ERAS' acceptance is spreading quickly among major centers, as well as district hospitals. With this in mind, is there also a role for ERAS in non-colorectal operations?展开更多
文摘To systematically review literature addressing three key psychologically-oriented controversies associated with gastroparesis.METHODSA comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was performed to identify literature addressing the relationship between gastroparesis and psychological factors. Two researchers independently screened all references. Inclusion criteria were: an adult sample of gastroparesis patients, a quantitative methodology, and at least one of the following: (1) evaluation of the prevalence of psychopathology; (2) an outcome measure of anxiety, depression, or quality of life; and (3) evidence of a psychological intervention. Case studies, review articles, and publications in languages other than English were excluded from the current review.RESULTSPrevalence of psychopathology was evaluated by three studies (n = 378), which found that combined anxiety/depression was present in 24% of the gastroparesis cohort, severe anxiety in 12.4%, depression in 21.8%-23%, and somatization in 50%. Level of anxiety and depression was included as an outcome measure in six studies (n = 1408), and while limited research made it difficult to determine the level of anxiety and depression in the cohort, a clear positive relationship with gastroparesis symptom severity was evident. Quality of life was included as an outcome measure in 11 studies (n = 2076), with gastroparesis patients reporting lower quality of life than population norms, and a negative relationship between quality of life and symptom severity. One study assessed the use of a psychological intervention for gastroparesis patients (n = 120) and found that depression and gastric function were improved in patients who received psychological intervention, however the study had considerable methodological limitations.CONCLUSIONGastroparesis is associated with significant psychological distress and poor quality of life. Recommendations for future studies and the development of psychological interventions are provided.
基金funding from Jordan University of Science and Technology,Deanship of Research.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness meditation on trait mindfulness,perceived stress,emotion regulation,and quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods:An experimental study with repeated measures design was conducted among a sample of 74 end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis between January and May 2021 in the dialysis center at Jahra hospital,Kuwait.The patients were randomly assigned to the experimental(n?37)and control groups(n?37).The experimental group participated in 30-min mindfulness meditation sessions(three sessions a week for five weeks)held during their hemodialysis sessions;the participants in the control group were instructed to sit with their eyes closed and relaxed for 30 min three times a week for five weeks during hemodialysis sessions.The dependent variables of both groups were measured at baseline(T0),middle of intervention(T1),and end of intervention(T2)using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS),Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ),and Kidney Disease Quality of Life(KDQOL-36)questionnaire.The study was registered in the ClinicalTrial.gov(Identifier:NCT05176730).Results:The repeated measures ANOVA(within-subject)results for the experimental group showed that mindfulness meditation had significantly decreased perceived stress by the end of the intervention.Also,mindfulness meditation improved mindfulness,emotion regulation,and kidney disease-related quality of life in the experimental group,and this improvement occurred significantly at both T1 and T2.The repeated measures ANOVA(within and between-subject)results showed that the experimental group,as compared to the control group,had lower perceived stress,higher trait mindfulness,higher emotional regulation,and higher kidney disease-related quality of life over time.Conclusions:The positive findings of this study offer health policy-makers and hospital administrators a promising tool to use with patients undergoing hemodialysis as a way to manage stress and improve quality of life.However,this study should be replicated in multiple settings with follow-up assessments.
基金Supported by A grant from the National Science and Technology Major Project of China,No.2008ZX10002-025, 2008ZX10002-026
文摘AIM:To investigate health-related quality of life(HRQoL) and psychological outcomes in 256 adults who had undergone liver transplantation(LT).METHODS:A stratified random sampling method was used in this follow-up multicenter study to select a representative sample of recipients undergoing either living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) or deceased donor liver transplantation(DDLT).HRQoL was measured by using the Chinese version of Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36(SF-36),and psychological outcomes by using the beck anxiety inventory(BAI) and the self-rating depression scale(SDS).Clinical and demographic data were collected from the records of the Chinese Liver Transplant Registry and via questionnaires.RESULTS:A total of 256 patients were sampled,including 66(25.8%) receiving LDLT and 190(74.2%) undergoing DDLT;15(5.9%) recipients had anxiety and four(1.6%) developed severe depression after the operation.Compared with LDLT recipients,DDLT patients had higher scores in general health(60.33 ± 16.97 vs 66.86 ± 18.42,P = 0.012),role-physical(63.64 ± 42.55 vs 74.47 ± 36.46,P = 0.048),roleemotional(61.11 ± 44.37 vs 78.95 ± 34.31,P = 0.001),social functioning(78.60 ± 22.76 vs 88.16 ± 21.85,P = 0.003),vitality(70.30 ± 15.76 vs 75.95 ± 16.40,P = 0.016),mental health(65.88 ± 12.94 vs 71.85 ± 15.45,P = 0.005),physical component summary scale(PCS,60.07 ± 7.36 vs 62.58 ± 6.88,P = 0.013) and mental component summary scale(MCS,52.65 ± 7.66 vs 55.95 ± 10.14,P = 0.016).Recipients > 45 years old at the time of transplant scored higher in vitality(77.33 ± 15.64 vs 72.52 ± 16.66,P = 0.020),mental health(73.64 ± 15.06 vs 68.00 ± 14.65,P = 0.003) and MCS(56.61 ± 10.00 vs 54.05 ± 9.30,P = 0.037) than those aged ≤ 45 years.MCS was poorer in recipients with than in those without complications(52.92 ± 12.21 vs 56.06 ± 8.16,P = 0.017).Regarding MCS(55.10 ± 9.66 vs 50.0 ± 10.0,P < 0.05) and PCS(61.93 ± 7.08 vs 50.0 ± 10.0,P < 0.05),recipients scored better than the Sichuan general and had improved overall QoL compared to patients with chronic diseases.MCS and PCS significantly correlated with scores of the BAI(P < 0.001) and the SDS(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Age > 45 years at time of transplant,DDLT,full-time working,no complications,anxiety and depression were possible factors influencing postoperative HRQoL in liver recipients.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Key Projects,No.2008ZX10002-026
文摘AIM: To investigate the health related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological outcome of donors after living donor liver transplantation. METHODS: Participants were 92 consecutive liver transplant donors who underwent hepatectomy with- out middle hepatic vein at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2007 and Sep- tember 2010. HRQoL was measured using the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), and psychological symptoms were measured using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Data collected from donors were compared to previ- ously published data from the general population. Clin- ical and demographic data were collected from medical records and questionnaires.RESULTS: The general health score of the SF-36 was significantly lower in females (59.78 ± 12.25) than in males (75.83 ± 22.09). Donors more than 40 years old scored higher in social functioning (85.71 ± 14.59) and mental health (82.61 ± 20.00) than those younger than 40 (75.00 ± 12.13, 68.89 ± 12.98; social func- tioning and mental health, respectively). Donors who had surgery more than two years prior to the study scored highest in physical functioning (P = 0.001) and bodily pain (P = 0.042) while those less than one year from surgery scored lowest. The health of the liver recipient significantly influenced the general health (P = 0.042), social functioning (P = 0.010), and role- emotional (P = 0.028) of donors. Donors with full-time employment scored highest in role-physical (P = 0.005), vitality (P = 0.001), social functioning (P = 0.016), mental health (P < 0.001), the physical component summary scale (P < 0.001), and the mental compo- nent summary scale (MCS) (P < 0.001). Psychological measures indicated that donors were healthier than the general population in obsessive-compulsive behav- ior, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, and para- noid ideation. The MCS of the SF-36 was significantly correlated with most symptom scores of the SCL-90-R. CONCLUSION: HRQoL and psychological outcome were favorable in living liver transplant donors after donation. Specifically, gender, age, time since opera- tion, recipient health condition, and employment after donation, influenced postoperative quality of life.
文摘Sufferers of breast cancer are often plagued by various psychological problems. Mastectomy, which has a serious influence on the female sex characteristics, can bring about especially serious psychological problems. These problems affect not only the patients’ quality of life but also the beginning, development, and end of the disease. This paper reviewed the relationships between the patients’ personal factors, the disease itself, treatment factors, and other socio-psychological factors and psychological conditions so as to provide new ideas for the psychological intervention on breast cancer patients, comprehensive clinical diagnosis and treatment, and prevention and cure.
文摘The House of the Seven Gables (1981), Hawthorne's second romance, is his another masterpiece after The Scarlet Letter (1956). The achievement of its themes and narrative skills has been greatly complimented by readers, especially its descriptions and analyses of the characters' psychological activities and their personalities. The notorious Salem Witch Trials of Hawthorne's family has a great effect on Hawthorne's formation of his views about the good and evil, the sin and penalty, and the psychological descriptive style in his works. In The House of the Seven Gables, Hawthorne takes this family history as the original writing background. Through exploring modem people's spiritual essence, using history as narrative original, Hawthorne's theme illustrates the past's influence on the present. By exploring the changes of the characters' psychologies and values, especially those of Holgrave, the narrator proposes a conception of general love to eradicate the actual contradictions. Hawthorne actually provides an alternative way--a nonpolitical solution to the national problems, which demonstrates not only his artistic pursuit but also his culturally political view in his writing. This paper consists of five parts.
文摘The breeding and communication of cult are all realized on the base of psychological activities, psychological factors play an important role in preventing and resisting breeding and communication of cult, and in this paper, it demonstrates respectively at this point, and starts from forming the long-term mechanism of the Chinese cult governance and proposes the conception and specific suggestions accordingly of establishing the national psychological assistance system to prevent and resist breeding and communication of cult
文摘Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fitness, and promote a comprehensive development of their physical and mental activity, meanwhile basketball is not only a comprehensive gaming activity, but also an integral part of modern competitive sports, in some way, basketball culture is belonging to a particular social and cultural patterns. The quality of the basketball culture can cultivate people' s sentiments in the teaching process, and develop human wisdom, so that people grasp different spatial abilities and skills with the laws and govern the movement of the body under the time, the paper analyzes Practice mode theoretical framework of the construction of the basketball sports college education curriculum system.
文摘This paper analyzes how caregivers' narratives about pain and illness are constructed, and also what narrative identities are formed during the lengthy process of taking care of a woman with cerebral palsy, from the years of 1972 to 2014. Of particular interest is how these voices narrate feelings of struggle in order to cope with their own needs and the needs of a disabled woman. How this situation affected their way of living, their views about life through gender-sex, violent, discriminatory, psycho-social and cultural perspectives (Lamas, 2002)? This study also draws from Hydrn's ideas regarding narratives about illness to identify diverse forms to represent reality by means of creating affective bonds, including aspects such as plot, metaphors and the construction or reconstruction of the Self (1995; 1997), which can be related to the transformation of the narrative identity (Ricoeur, 1995; 1996) of each caregiver. This study aims to open other scenarios to establish public policies of support for caregivers and for the disabled, and to question the role that government and medical institutional have played in order to benefit the society as a whole.
文摘AIM: To analyze the correlation between preexisting comorbidity and other clinicopathological features, short-term surgical outcome and long-term survival in elderly patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: According to age, 403 patients operated on for CRC in our department were divided into group A (< 70 years old) and group B (≥ 70 years old) and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Rectal localization prevailed in group A (31.6% vs 19.7%, P = 0.027), whereas the percentage of R0 resections was 77% in the two groups. Comorbidity rate was 46.2% and 69.1% for group A and B, respectively (P < 0.001), with a huge difference as regards cardiovascular diseases. Overall, postoperative morbidity was 16.9% and 20.8% in group A and B, respectively (P = 0.367), whereas mortality was limited to group B (4.5%, P = 0.001). In both groups, patients who suffered from postoperative complications had a higher overall comorbidity rate, with preexisting cardiovascular diseases prevailing in group B (P = 0.003). Overall 5-year survival rate was significantly betterfor group A (75.2% vs 55%, P = 0.006), whereas no signif icant difference was observed considering disease-specif ic survival (76.3% vs 76.9%, P = 0.674). CONCLUSION: In spite of an increase in postoperative mortality and a lower overall long-term survival for patients aged ≥ 70 years old, it should be considered that, even in the elderly group, a signif icant number of patients is alive 5 years after CRC resection.
文摘In recent years, the retired veteran cadres have grown older and older, and their numbers have also increased year by year. In this case, how to maintain the physical and mental health of empty nest veteran cadre, and further improve the quality of their life has been a realistic problem many primary health care doctors have to face and solve.
基金Key Scientific Research Foundation of Educational Committee of Sichuan Province (No. 2004 A101) and Key Discipline Construction Project in Sichuan Province (No. SZD0420)
文摘According to the principle of enzyme reaction rate, healthy pent black bears’ myocardial enzyme activity is assayed by visual colorimetry and compared with that of healthy human beings. The determination at 37 °C and the statistic analysis of the experimental data work out the following findings. For male black bears, the average CK activity is 163.20 U/L, the confidence interval of its expected value (127.70 to 198.70) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 39.2%; the average CK-MB activity 21.62 U/L, the confidential interval (17.72 to 25.51) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 34.26%; the average LDH activity 604.20 U/L, the confidence interval (524.56 to 683.83) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 23.80%; the average HBDH activity 516.70 U/L, the confidence interval (453.06 to 580.34) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 22.24%; the average GOT activity 69.70 U/L, the confidence interval (60.21 to 79.19) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 24.59%. For female black bears, the average CK activity is 145.50 U/L, the confidence interval (114.59 to 176.21) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 38.27%; the average CK-MB activity 18.84 U/L, the confidence interval (14.64 to 23.04) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 40.34%; the average LDH activity 563.70 U/L, the confidence interval (473.80 to 652.60) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 28.80%; the average of HBDH activity 475.50 U/L, the confidence interval (412.10 to 538.40) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 24.07%; the average of GOT activity is 62.37 U/L, the confidential interval (52.54 to 72.20) U/L, and the coefficient of variation 28.46%. The male black bear’s average myocardium enzyme activities are slightly higher than those of the female. But the statistical results indicate that the difference is not significant.
文摘In recent years the advent of programs for enhanced recovery after major surgery (ERAS) has led to modifications of long-standing and well-established perioperative treatments. These programs are used to target factors that have been shown to delay postoperative recovery (pain, gut dysfunction, immobility) and combine a series of interventions to reduce perioperative stress and organ dysfunction. With due differences, the programs of enhanced recovery are generally based on the preoperative amelioration of the patient's clinical conditions with whom they present for the operation, on the intraoperative and postoperative avoidance of medications that could slow the resumption of physiological activities, and on the promotion of positive habits in the early postoperative period. Most of the studies were conducted on elective patients undergoing colorectal procedures (either laparotomic or laparoscopic surgery). Results showed that ERAS protocols significantly improved the lung function and reduced the time to resumption of oral diet, mobilization and passage of stool, hospital stay and return to normal activities. ERAS' acceptance is spreading quickly among major centers, as well as district hospitals. With this in mind, is there also a role for ERAS in non-colorectal operations?