“天使”与“魔鬼”的较量——《教堂尖塔》中乔斯林的心际思维解读

人物的心理变化是研究小说人物的一个重要方面。本文从认知叙事学视角对《教堂尖塔》中主人公乔斯林不断变化发展的内心体验进行分析,通过考察个体人物思维与其他人物思维的关系以及叙事中的社会语境对人物思维影响,展现乔斯林的心理跟随着社会情境和人物关系不断发生变化,阐明在尖塔的构筑与倒塌过程中其心理变化发展的社会认知机制。

触动心际的那片美景

不知不觉中，我走到了一片野湖面前，此时的我，心烦意乱，还在为前几天和无理取闹的人闹的矛盾而气愤。我抬头望去，远处的美景着实震撼到了我。

Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine:What Has Changed Over the Past 20 Years

Chinese medicine has been used for centuries to treat a range of health conditions.This history has produced a wealth of classical literature,case studies and clinical research data detailing its use and effectiveness.However,high-quality and conclusive evidence that meets modern requirements for clinical decision support is lacking.This evidence gap limits the integration of Chinese medicine with contemporary medicine,which in turn limits global access and acceptance of Chinese medicine as a form of safe and effective health care.Over the past 20 years,researchers and organisations around the world,including the World Health Organization(WHO)and United Nations,have worked to support the integration of traditional medicines,such as Chinese medicine,with conventional medicines to improve global health care.This paper provides an overview of Chinese medicine studies published in the top four general medical journals(BMJ,JAMA,Lancet and New England Journal of Medicine)from February 2005 to February 2024 in the past 20 years to highlight the progress in the development of this evidence base.It also highlights key actions taken to promote evidence-based clinical Chinese medicine,including product and practitioner regulation,formalising education standards,and international collaborations.Research conducted at the China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine demonstrates the benefits of such a collaboration.Through development of its unique and inclusive‘whole-evidence’approach,plus clinical studies and systematic reviews,the Centre has significantly contributed to the evidence base for clinical Chinese medicine.In addition,its high-impact papers and groundbreaking monographs have been cited in international conventional medicine guidelines.While progress has certainly been made during the past 20 years to build a stronger evidence base for clinical Chinese medicine,there is still a considerable gap that limits its integration with conventional medicine.Future funding and research are needed to continue this work and achieve to safe,effective and accessible traditional medicine as part of the WHO’s Universal Health Coverage strategy.

叙述学中的思维研究

作为一个典型的跨学科术语,思维概念毫无疑问是近年来西方人文学科一个备受热议的话题。对其探源后可知,西方对思维的研究有着悠久的历史,关于思维的研究始于心智哲学。20世纪后半叶以降,由于现代主义、后现代主义等叙事文本的不断涌现,西方叙述学界开始将心智哲学和心理学中与思维相关的理论征用到叙述学领域,进而对小说中人物的意识、心理等进行分析,极大地丰富了叙述学的理论内涵。

Characterization of focal liver lesions with SonoVue~-enhanced sonography: International multicenter-study in comparison to CT and MRI

AIM： To evaluate in a multicenter study whether the sonographic characterization of focal liver lesions can be improved using SonoVue-enhancement; and to compare this method with computed tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. METHODS： One hundred and thirty four patients withone focal liver lesion detected in baseline ultrasound （US） were examined with conventional US, contrastenhanced US （n = 134）, contrast-enhanced CT （n = 115） and/or dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI （n = 70）. The lesions were classified as malignant, benign or indeterminate and the type of lesion was determined. The final diagnosis based on the combined information of all imaging examinations, clinical information and histology （n = 32） was used. Comparisons were made to see whether the addition of contrast-enhanced US led to the improvement of the characterization of doubtful focal liver lesions.RESULTS： In comparison with unenhanced US, SonoVue markedly improves sensitivity and specificity for the characterization （malignant/benign） of focal liver lesions. In comparison with CT and/or dynamic MRI, SonoVue -enhanced sonography applied for characterization of focal liver lesions was 30.2% more sensitive in the recognition of malignancy and 16.1% more specific in the exclusion of malignancy and overall 22.9% more accurate. In the subgroup with confirmative histology available （n = 30）, sensitivity was 95.5% （CEUS）, 72.2% （CT） and 81.8% （MRI）, and specificity was 75.0% （CEUS）, 37.5% （CT） and 42.9% （MRI）. The sensitivity and specificity of CEUS for the identification of focal nodular hyperplasia （FNH） and hemangiomas was 100% and 87%, resulting in an accuracy of 94.5%.CONCLUSION： SonoVue-enhanced sonography emerges as the most sensitive, ost specific and thus most accurate imaging modality for the characterization of focal liver lesions.

Geriatric cardiology and the Great Wall International Congress of Cardiology 2015

The burgeoning geriatric population worldwide has resulted in an unprecedented challenge to the cardiology community. Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population, but its recognition and management are characteristically confounded by substantial comorbidities, polypharmacy, and other complexities of care, not encountered in younger cardiac patients.

Narcissism： Theories of Self and Knowledge with Reference to the Notion of Reflection

This paper analyzes the concept of Narcissism which stands behind the theory and critique of particular psychological manifestations of personality. I argue that this concept is essentially a trope of reflection and that reflection is thought of itself as itself which involves a ＂turning around upon oneself.＂ But we do not see ourselves as we actually are, or in our entirety as a physical entity; self knowledge is limited by our nature. What we do not see or attend to is glossed over with the idealizations that are attached to our interest and these are informed by instinctual, or unconscious, intent. The relation between self and other is both contained by and expressed in interpersonal and societal interaction, but still there is an inner aspect that remains sovereign and intimate. Societal values inform our identity, but cannot touch the inner self （or intimate self）. We only ever experience ourselves no matter how similar or intimate we are to others. Although physically different from others we mostly aim to be known （identified） in accordance with our own sense of value and self estimation, yet we do not escape judgment from others. One may resist any evidence or opinions about themselves from others that are not in accord with this sense of self value whilst easily accepting ideas and values to be true or accurate facts about them that they only wish to be true. From these two sources of ideas of oneself, internal and externally derived, we form a sense of ourself in comparison to ideal others. This sense of identity informs our actions and choices. We may continually monitor the effect our self-belief has on others and adjust our self-attitude accordingly. Or we may fail to see that others do not share those beliefs we have about ourselves （e.g., a job interview）. Narcissism is a human tendency to either exaggerate or underrate one＇s power or beauty and this leads to false self beliefs. These ideas about oneself are ego-syntonic, within the boundary of the ego, and are thus not （immediately） experienced as being false. Thus, the question as to what is real and what is imagined is at stake in considering how we reflect upon a self which is essentially also a reflection of how others see them. The concept of Narcissism involves this inviolable choice to act for ourself or for others＇ sake in the pursuit of freedom and satisfaction in social interactions. Taken as an axiologicaUy neutral mode of analysis, Narcissism illuminates the problem of being self in the world of others and goes to the possibility of self determination and knowledge. Specifically, I aim to show that self reflection is the key element of the idea or thought of self, but that form of reflection alone is not enough to ensure error since it is based on a fundamental illusion of ego integrity. However, the attentive mindfulness or open ideation of a purer form of thought which I term ＂active reflection＂ allows the possibility of new perspectives hitherto unavailable to the self to form, ensuring that rectification can proceed from experience

Research on the Management Mechanism of Teachers in Public Security Colleges and Universities Based on Psychological Contract

In today＇s management of the teaching staff of public security colleges and universities, the research on the Psychological Contract problem is not only beneficial to the management and estimation of the teachers, but also has an important role in the coordination and stability of the whole system of public security colleges and universities. Based on the theory of Psychological Contract, this paper expounds the basic understanding and research value of Psychological Contract, and puts forward the measures to cultivate teachers＇ good character and understanding, and as well as coordinate teachers＇ needs, effectively change teachers＇ attitude and actively promote the establishment of good interpersonal relationship to explain the research on the Management Mechanism of Teachers in Public Security Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Psychological Contract.

Comparison of six statistical approaches in the selection of appropriate fish growth models

The performance of six statistical approaches,which can be used for selection of the best model to describe the growth of individual fish,was analyzed using simulated and real length-at-age data.The six approaches include coefficient of determination(R2),adjusted coefficient of determination(adj.-R2),root mean squared error(RMSE),Akaike's information criterion(AIC),bias correction of AIC(AICc) and Bayesian information criterion(BIC).The simulation data were generated by five growth models with different numbers of parameters.Four sets of real data were taken from the literature.The parameters in each of the five growth models were estimated using the maximum likelihood method under the assumption of the additive error structure for the data.The best supported model by the data was identified using each of the six approaches.The results show that R2 and RMSE have the same properties and perform worst.The sample size has an effect on the performance of adj.-R2,AIC,AICc and BIC.Adj.-R2 does better in small samples than in large samples.AIC is not suitable to use in small samples and tends to select more complex model when the sample size becomes large.AICc and BIC have best performance in small and large sample cases,respectively.Use of AICc or BIC is recommended for selection of fish growth model according to the size of the length-at-age data.

Numerical Simulation and Experiment on Dam Break Problem

In this paper, two novel numerical computation methods are introduced which have been recently developed at Research Institute for Applied Mechanics （ R/AM ）, Kyushu University, for strongly nonlinear wave-body interaction problems, such as ship motions in rough seas and resulting green-water impact on deck. The first method is the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, in which the free surface flow is treated as a multi-phase flow which is solved using a Cartesian grid. The second method is the MPS method, which is a so-called particle method and hence no grid is used. The features and calculation procedures of these numerical methods are described. One validation computation against a newly conducted experiment on a dam break problem, which is also described in this paper, is presented.

Antioxidant Activity of Isothiocyanate Extracts from Broccoli

Isothiocyanates(ITCs) extracts were prepared from fresh broccoli.Their antioxidant properties were evaluated by using the in vitro bioassays,including superoxide anion radical( 2 O·-) ,hydroxyl radical(HO·-) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydracyl(DPPH·) radical-scavenging methods,lipid peroxidation assay,and reducing power assay.The ITCs extracts exhibited significant dose-dependent antioxidant activities(P<0.01) .Its antioxidant-stability was affected by temperature and storage condition,although it was more stable than vitamin C(Vc) .GC-MS iden-tified sulforaphane in the ITCs extracts.The antioxidant activity of sulforaphane was approximately one tenth to one fifth of that of Vc.Sulforaphane was experimented to be one of dominating contributors to antioxidant capacity of ITCs extracts.However,there was no direct antioxidant activity found for benzyl isothiocyanate(BITC) in vitro. Therefore,it could be concluded that the general group(-N=C=S) was not the essential part for the antioxidant activity of sulforaphane.It is suggested that the ITCs extracts from broccoli can be developed into a promising food additive for healthy food.

Psychosocial oncology in China——Challenges and opportunities

Objective:In China over the past decade,psychosocial oncology has emerged as a new program. Development of this program requires attention to current opportunities,obstacles and cultural concerns. Methods: A selected literature review of academic papers in Chinese and English language journals and web sites was analyzed for themes regarding the current status,challenges,and opportunities for psychosocial oncology in China. Results: China’s national cancer strategy (2004-2010),based on WHO guidelines,is focused on cancer prevention and treatment,as well as quality of life among cancer patients and their families. The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association is now funding research,training and international collaboration in psychosocial oncology. The newly organized Chinese Psychosocial Oncology Society,founded in 2006,aims to provide a national forum for psychosocial oncology research. Cultural and systemic challenges to establishing psychosocial oncology as a core discipline in China include: (1) the family’s desire to ‘protect’ cancer patients by with-holding cancer-related information; (2) stigma and privacy regarding mental health issues; (3) biomedical practitioners’ claims that psychosocial on-cology is not sufficiently evidence-based; and (4) limited funding for psychosocial oncology care and research. Conclusion: The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) is considered a valuable resource towards China’s interest in partnering with the international psychosocial oncology community to enhance the discipline globally.

The Analysis of the Members＇ Subjective Apiration in Group Psychological Counseling Process

Objective This stud）＇ aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding analysis of interpersonal pattern group psychological counseling pro-cess. Result Through the qualitative analysis,we fred that members＇ sub-jective apiration have two trends： One trend is with the group psycholo-gical counseling process for increasing;another kind is： increase--decrease--increase ,specificly showing that：：existing subjective apiration-- The subjective will weaken （because of denial and skepticism this group ）or strengthen （accepting this group）-- the subjective apiration increases, applying new pattern in groups--the subjective apiration become specification, the new pattern to repl-ace the old pattern in life. Conclusion 1. In interpersonal group counseling process, members＇ subjective apiration exists two kinds of trend that to weakened after reinforcement and enhancement gradually strengthen： 2. Members＇ subjective apiration of group psychological counseling can influence the effect of group psychological counseling.

Interannual salinity variability of the Northern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass

This paper discusses the interannual variability of the Northern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(NYSCWM) and the factors that influence it,based on survey data from the 1976–2006 national standard section and the Korea Oceanographic Data Center,monthly E-P flux data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,and meridional wind speed data from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set. The results show that:1) the mean salinity of the NYSCWM center has a slightly decreasing trend,which is not consistent with the high salinity center; 2) both the southern salinity front and the halocline of the NYSCWM display a weakening trend,which indicates that the difference between the NYSCWM and coastal water decreases; 3) the Yellow Sea Warm Current intrusion,the E-P flux of the northern Yellow Sea,and the strength of the winter monsoon will affect the NYSCWM salinity during the following summer.

The Importance of Psychic Distance in the Internationalization Process of Polish Companies Pilot Research Results

Research objectives presented in the article are of theoretical, methodological, and empirical nature. The theoretical aim of the article is to present the different approaches to conceptualization and operationalization of psychic distance. The methodological aim of the article is to show the pilot research results of quantitative research planned in future. The paper aims at presenting the results of testifying the questionnaire, especially reactions of the respondents on the level of difficulty of questions included in it. The empirical aim of the article is to present the perceptions of managers about the importance of psychic distance stimuli （differences in culture, differences in economic and political systems, as well as differences in mentality and geographic distance） in the process of Polish companies＇ internationalization. The paper is based on the critical literature overview and on the field research conducted on the sample of 18 Polish companies with the technique of direct interview. In the first part of the article, the research design as well as methodological issues connected with psychic distance measurement is presented. The second part of the article is dedicated to the field research results on the importance of psychic distance in the process of internationalization. The conclusions of the current stage of the research will comprise the base of complete research. The conducted research enabled the author to answer the following research questions： What is the impact of psychic distance stimuli on the process of Polish companies＇ internationalization （the directions and forms of internationalization, the pace and amount of countries subject to foreign expansion of Polish companies, and the value of sales and foreign capital engagement of Polish companies abroad）？ What is the impact of psychic distance stimuli on managers＇ decisions connected with engagement on international markets （initiating business with foreign partners, leading business on international markets, and withdrawal business from international markets）？ What are the factors determining perceptions of psychic distance by managers？ What is the size of psychic distance among Poland and the foreign expansion markets of Polish companies？ The respondents stated that the managers＇ perceptions about psychic distance importance in the process of companies＇ internationalization depend on the managers＇ experience in activity on international markets, the knowledge of managers about international markets, the level of education of managers, and the level of stability and changeability of environment, in which the company operates. According to the managers, the most important factors having impact on decisions connected with internationalization are： cultural differences （especially differences in religion）, political differences （especially the level of democracy）, geographic distance （the differences in time zones）, the differences in economic systems （the level of economic development）, and the differences in mentality （different way of thinking of managers）. The factors having impact on companies＇engagement in international markets are： the level of democracy, the level of infrastructure development, different way of thinking of managers, and differences in time zones. The managers stated that the most significant differences in cultural systems are among Poland-China, Poland-Turkey, and Poland-Romania. The most significant differences in economic systems occur among Poland and the receivers of Polish export China, Ukraine, and the United States. The biggest differences in political systems are among Poland-China, Poland-Russia Belarus, and Poland-Ukraine. According to the managers, the biggest differences in mentality occur among Poland-China, Poland-Turkey, and Poland-the United States. Geographic distance is the most important factor in Polish export to the United States, China, Turkey, and Spain. There is applied a methodology stating that psychic distance （and its stimuli） should not be measured only with the use of objective constructs and statistical data, but also with the use of subjective data, such as the responses of decision makers of companies under internationalization. The value of the article is the presentation of the application of new research tool for psychic distance measurement.

The Analysis of the Members＇ Subjective Apiration in Group Psychological Counseling Process

Objective This study aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding analysis of interpersonal pattern group psychological counseling pro-cess. Result Through the qualitative analysis,we find that members＇ sub-jective apiration have two trends： One trend is with the group psycholo-gical counseling process for increasing;another kind is： increase--decrease--increase, specificly showing that：：existing subjective apiration-- The subjective will weaken （because of denial and skepticism this group ）or strengthen （accepting this group）-- the subjective apiration increases, applying new pattern in groups--the subjective apiration become specification, the new pattern to repl-ace the old pattern in life. Conclusion 1. In interpersonal group counseling process, members＇ subjective apiration exists two kinds of trend that to weakened after reinforcement and enhancement gradually strengthen; 2. Members＇ subjective apiration of group psychological counseling can influence the effect of group psychological counseling.

Building mechanism exploration of new deepwater terminal in Hengsha

To promote the construction of Shanghai international shipping center, the planneu new acepwatcr terminal construction in Hengsha pushes forward the innovation and breakthroughs of the existing port manage- ment system and building mechanisms. Through reviewing, analyzing, comparing and summarizing the suc- cessful experience of the major ports at home and abroad, market-oriented recommendations will be proposed in terms of effectiveness and feasibility, as well as the idea of＂Shanghai Freeport＂.

Research on the Development of Shanghai Creative Industry Park

With the rise and development of knowledge economy in the world, the economic form is undergoing a global strategic change, the creative economy has become the new economic form of international strategic competition, and shows a number of development trends. The creative industry is rising rapidly at an unprecedented rate and becoming an important pillar of the economic development of all countries. In recent years, with the adjustment of China＇s industrial structure, creative industry has been paid more and more attention. Shanghai as the early development of Creative Industrial Park City, in recent years, the number of creative industrial parks in Shanghai has been more and more, according to the author statistics 2017 Shanghai, the current creative industrial park has reached 385, these industrial parks are mainly located in the city center, mainly engaged in the project to fashion design, cultural media, architectural design, Research and development design, consulting planning mainly.

Strategy research on new urban space development and new deepwater terminal in Hengsha

From a strategic perspective,the paper presents a forward-looking thinking supported by interdisciplinary of modern logistics,estuary and coast,environment and ecology,economic management and mathematical statistics. It leads to a reasonable solution to space expansion by reclamation. Construction of new deepwater terminal is the best usage of land resources and can strengthen the status of Shanghai as an international shipping center,thus support the preparation and strategic decision of future urban development of Shanghai.