矩法正态性检验的有效性

矩法正态性检验的适用条件是假设Ｈ０成立的条件下，ｇ１和ｇ２的抽样分布服从近似正态分布．通过模拟正态总体抽样试验和理论推断均表明：当样本含量小于２００时，上述条件得不到满足。即使ｎ＝７００，ｇ２的峰态检验仍不适合ｕ检验的条件。以正态性检验国际标准ＩＳＯ／ＤＩＳ５４７９推荐的用ｂ１、ｂ２作偏态与峰态检验为参照标准，考察了八种不同样本含量时矩法正态性检验结论的有效性．结果表明：ｇ１的偏态检验显示有很好的稳健性，而峰态检验由于ｇ爱分布呈偏态，明显偏离适用条件，致使检验结论的正确性受到较大影响。

鲍曼不动杆菌随机扩增多态性DNA法基因分型的研究

目的利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对鲍曼不动杆菌进行基因分型建立DNA指纹图谱,调查该菌在各临床科室的流行情况,并将其与药敏谱进行比较。方法随机收集中南大学湘雅二医院2007年9月到2008年9月分离出的86株鲍曼不动杆菌,采用WHO推荐的K-B法对鲍曼不动杆菌进行药物敏感试验,建立药敏谱,同时利用随机扩增多态性DNA法(RAPD)技术进行基因分型,建立DNA指纹图谱,对二者进行比较,然后结合药敏谱和指纹图谱分析各临床科室鲍曼不动杆菌的感染情况。结果药物敏感试验将86株鲍曼不动杆菌分为47型,RAPD技术将其分为14型,其中A、F、D、B和L型为5种优势型,其菌株数分别为22、15、11、9和7株。本院ICU,老年病科,神经内科,呼吸内科,神经外科鲍曼不动杆菌检出率较高。结论RAPD分型方法优于药敏分型,其在流行病学研究上更能证实菌株的相关性,在早期发现和预防感染暴发流行中起重要作用。

非酿酒酵母菌株区分技术研究进展

随着对葡萄酒酿造过程中非酿酒酵母的不断深入了解,人们对非酿酒酵母在葡萄酒酿造中带来的特征性香气口感越发重视,但对于不同的非酿酒酵母能带来的香气的研究还不够深入,难以区分非酿酒酵母菌株。因此,本文介绍了随机扩增多态性DNA法、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱法、串联重复t RNA指纹图谱法、扩增片段长度多态性法、微卫星DNA标记法等5种DNA分子标记技术的方法和原理,同时探讨了DNA分子标记技术在国内外非酿酒酵母菌株区分中的应用状况与前景。

CYP3A4*18A、CYP3A4*18B和MDR1 C3435T基因多态性对阿托伐他汀血药浓度及疗效的影响

目的探讨高脂血症患者CYP3A4*18A、*18B和MDR1 C3435T基因多态性对阿托伐他汀血药浓度、调脂疗效的影响。方法 115例福建籍汉族高脂血症患者以聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性法(polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)进行基因分型,HPLC-UV检测阿托伐他汀稳态血药谷浓度,均相酶法监测治疗前、用药1个月后血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)水平。用SPSS13.0软件以ANOVA方差分析高脂血症患者基因型与调脂疗效、血药浓度之间的关系。结果 115例高脂血症患者,CYP3A4*18A、*18B的突变频率分别为3.48%和23.48%,MDR1 C3435T突变率为31.74%,三基因位点SNPs分布与文献报道的国人正常人群无显著性差异(P>0.05);CYP3A4*18A和MDR1 C3435T各基因型患者ATV血药浓度组间及组内差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CYP3A4*18B基因突变纯合子(AA)组患者ATV血药浓度显著高于突变杂合子(GA)组和野生型纯合子(GG)组(P=0.016)。CYP3A4*18A、MDR1 C3435T不同基因型患者的调脂效率无显著性差异(P>0.05),CYP3A4*18B基因的AA组患者TC调脂效果显著优于GA组和GG组患者(P=0.02);LDL-C变化率三基因型组间均有显著差异,依次为AA组>GA组>GG组(P=0.01),对TG和HDL-C的调节作用3种基因型患者无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗前后,TC的变化率与血药浓度呈显著性相关(P=0.031),而其余3种脂质变化率与血药浓度相关性无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MDR1 C3435T与CYP3A4*18A基因SNPs(single nucleotide polymorphisms),不影响ATV血药浓度及其疗效。携带CYP3A4*18B基因的患者接受ATV治疗时,比未携带者血药浓度高,调脂疗效更显著。

脂多糖刺激对马氏珠母贝血细胞DNA甲基化修饰的影响

【目的】研究马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)血细胞基因组DNA的甲基化修饰情况及其在脂多糖(LPS)刺激后的变化,为探究甲基化修饰在珍珠贝免疫防御中的作用提供理论基础。【方法】运用甲基化敏感扩增多态性法(MSAP)分析马氏珠母贝血细胞(正常养殖贝)以及注射LPS后(6、12、24 h)基因组CCGG位点甲基化的修饰水平变化,并对甲基化修饰位点进行回收测序。【结果】共获得1 102个清晰可辨的DNA条带,其中全甲基化位点条带215个,半甲基化位点条带127个,非甲基化位点条带760个。对照组血细胞基因组CCGG位点的甲基化修饰比例为23.76%,注射LPS后,甲基化比例为28.10%~48.25%,注射6 h时最低,12 h时最高;对特异性片段测序后,经Blast比对,得到5条存在甲基化修饰的基因序列,其中2条具有注释信息,分别是干扰素调控因子(Interferon regulatory factor)和磷脂酶BL2(Putative phospholipase B-like 2)。【结论】马氏珠母贝血细胞基因组CCGG位点的甲基化修饰参与调控LPS诱导的免疫反应,在免疫防御中发挥重要作用。

潮汕地区幽门螺杆菌DNA指纹图谱46例分析

目的通过检测潮汕地区消化性溃疡及胃炎患者幽门螺杆菌的感染情况,对病人胃内分离的Hp进行DNA指纹图谱分析,探讨本地区Hp基因型与疾病的相互关系。方法收集我院消化内科内镜检查显示胃黏膜尿素酶试验阳性患者46例(消化性溃疡30例,单纯性胃炎16例),取胃窦黏膜组织进行Hp培养、总DNA的提纯和纯化、随机扩增多态性DNA指纹法(RAPD)分析,采用聚类分析作基因分型,同时采用免疫印迹法测定血清空泡毒素VacA抗体。结果46例临床分离菌株指纹各不相同,分为3个基因型别(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型),Ⅰ型以胃炎多见,Ⅲ型以溃疡多见,有显著性差异(p<0·05);血清VacA抗体阳性率在各疾病组和基因型组间无显著性差别(p>0·05)。结论提示不同基因型别的Hp与不同的疾病类别有关,RAPD是有效的基因分型方法。

Adsorption Performance of Activated Carbon Prepared from Corn Stalks

[Objective] This study aimed to study the adsorption performance of activated carbon prepared from corn stalks. [Methed] With granular activated carbon prepared from corn stalks as research object, adsorption performance simulation test equipment was set up to investigate the adsorption performance of the prepared activated carbon for methanol by static weight method. In addition, the effects of adsorption bed structure, activated carbon particle size in adsorption bed, addition amount of graphite powder in activated carbon and modified activated carbon on systematic adsorption performance were studied. [Result] Under conditions of same activated carbon and same adsorption temperature, the adsorption performance of new adsorption bed A （installed with finned diaphragm adsorbate tubes） was signifi- cantly better than that of unmodified adsorption bed B. Compared with adsorption bed B, adsorption bed A took 5 min shorter to reach the adsorption amount of 0.22 g/g. Under the same adsorption temperature, the adsorption performance of bed loaded with different-particle size activated carbon was significantly better than that loaded with same-particle size activated carbon. The bed loaded with different-particle size activated carbon took 16 min shorter to reach the adsorption capacity of 0.22 g/g compared with the bed loaded with same-particle size activated carbon. Adding proper amount of graphite powder in activated carbon could enhance the thermal conductivity and strengthen the adsorption properties. The optimum addition amount of graphite powder was 20% of the total amount of activated carbon. Com- pared with that of the control, the adsorption performance of activated carbon soaked by weak acidic solution was significantly improved. It took 3 min shorter to reach 87.1% of the equilibrium adsorption amount. [Conclusion] This study will provide reference for optimizing structural design of adsorption bed and adsorption refrigeration system.

Review of Research Methods on Biodiversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） are essential functional microbiology in natural ecosystems. It is very important to research community composition and di- versity of AMF for achieving sustainable development of ecosystems. The paper described several methods of researching the diversity of AMF, especially for molecular techniques, reviewed the application status of these methods in AMF research, and pointed out that the effective combination of morphological and molecular methods could better reveal the biodiversity and ecological functions of AMF in natural ecosystems.

Static characteristics of a novel flux-switching permanent magnet linear motor

A novel flux-switching permanent magnet linear motor（FSPMLM） is proposed for linear direct driving machine tools.First,the two-and three-dimensional topological configuration of the proposed motor is presented;the basic operational principle of the FSPMLM is introduced;and the magnetic fields at the two typical conditions of no-load are analyzed.Secondly,the FSPMLM is analyzed by the two-dimensional finite element method（FEM） to investigate the static electromagnetic characteristics such as flux-linkage,back EMF（electromotive force） and inductance performances.The cogging forces of two kinds of FSPMLMs with different shaped cores are analyzed and compared,and the results show that the cogging force is significantly reduced by using the E-shaped cores.Additionally,based on the co-energy method,the thrust equation is derived and verified by the simulation results obtained by the FEM.Finally,an experimental prototype is used to test the characteristics under open circuit and load conditions.The simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed motor has advantages of a sinusoidal back-EMF waveform,a small cogging effect and a high thrust density,and it is suitable for the application of linear direct driving machine tools.

Environmental availability and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in zinc leaching residue

Four different methods,namely mineralogical analysis,three-stage BCR sequential extraction procedure,dynamic leaching test and Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index Method were used to access the environmental activity and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in zinc leaching residue.The results demonstrate that the environmental activity of heavy metals declines in the following order：CdZnCuAsPb.Potential ecological risk indices for single heavy metal are CdZnCuAsPb.Cd has serious potential ecological risk to the ecological environment and contributes most to the potential toxicity response indices for various heavy metals in the residue.

Analysis of dynamic characteristics of self-aligning ball bearing

A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric analysis of the centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment, the contact loads, the contact angles, the radial deformation and the radial stiffness is carried out. The analytical results show that the applied loads and the rotational speed are two main factors that can influence the distributions of the contact loads and values of the contact angles. The centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment increase with the increase in the rotational speed, resulting in the decrease of the inner raceway contact load and the increase of the outer raceway contact load. The outer raceway contact angle increases under the centrifugal force; on the contrary, the inner raceway contact angle decreases. Furthermore, the differences between the inner and the outer contact angles increase with the increase in the rotational speed. The higher rotational speed results in the decrease in radial stiffness for the self-aligning ball bearing, and the raceway curvature coefficient, to some extent, also influences the radial stiffness.

DNMT3B 579 G>T promoter polymorphism and risk of esophagus carcinoma in Chinese

AIM:To investigate the relationship between 579 G>T polymorphisms in the DNMT3B gene, which is involved in de novo methylation and associated with the risk of esophagus cancer (EC) in Chinese. METHODS:DNMT3B 579 G>T genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP in 194 EC patients and 210 healthy controls matched for age and sex, who did not receive radiotherapy or chemotherapy for newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed EC. RESULTS:In control subjects, the frequency of T/T and G/T genotypes, and T and G alleles was 81.4%, 18.1%, 90.05% and 9.55%, respectively. The distribution of genotypes and allelotypes in the EC patients was not significantly different from that in the controls. When stratified by sex and age, there was still no significant association between the risks of EC and GT and GG genotypes. This study also showed a distinct difference in the distribution of DNMT3B and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) between Chinese and Koreans.CONCLUSION:DNMT3B 579 G>T polymorphism may not be a stratification marker to predict the susceptibility to EC, at least in Chinese. DNMT3B promoter SNP is diverse in ethnic populations.

Interleukin-1 and TNF-α polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori in a Brazilian Amazon population

AIM： To study the association between Interleukin-1 （IL-1） and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α polymorphisms, infection by Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） and the development of gastrointestinal diseases.METHODS： Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 177 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases and from 100 healthy volunteers. The polymorphisms in IL-1β and TNF-α genes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method （PCRRFLP） and those from IL-1RN with PCR. The presence of infection due to H pylori and the presence of the CagA toxin were detected by serology. The histopathological parameters in the gastric biopsies of the patients were according to the Sydney classification.RESULTS： A comparison of the frequencies of the different polymorphisms studied among the patients and the control group demonstrated that the allele IL- 1RN＊2 was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma. Carriers of the allele IL- RN＊2 and those with reactive serology for anti-CagA IgG had a greater risk of developing peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma, as well as a higher degree of inflammation and neutrophilic activity in the gastricCONCLUSION： Our results indicate a positive association between IL-1RN gene polymorphism and infection by positive H pylori CagA strains and the development of gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma.

XRCC1 genetic polymorphism Arg399Gln and gastric cancer risk:A meta-analysis

AIM： To evaluate the association between X-ray crosscomplementing gene 1 （XRCCl） genetic polymorphism Arg399Gln and gastric cancer risk by means of metaanalysis. METHODS： We searched PubMed and NCBI up to June 1, 2008. A total of 16 clinical trials and reports were identified, but only 8 trials qualified under our selection criteria. Statistical analysis was performed with the software program Review Manage, version 4.2.8. RESULTS： Of the 8 case-control studies selected for this meta-analysis, a total of 1334 gastric cancer cases and 2194 controls were included. For Arg399GIn, the Gin/Gin genotype carriers did not have a decreased cancer risk compared with those individuals with the Arg/Arg genotype （OR = 0.92, 95% CI, 0.71-1.19; P = 0.51）. Similarly, no associations were found in the recessive and dominant modeling （Gin/Gin vs Arg/GIn ＋ Arg/Arg： OR = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77-1.19; P = 0.70 and Gin/Gin ＋ Arg/GIn vs Arg/Arg： OR = 0.90, 95% CI, 0.77-1.05; P = 0.18）. CONCLUSION： No association is found between the XRCC1 polymorphism Arg399GIn and gastric cancer risk.

Improvement of Pseudo-static Method for Slope Stability Analysis

traditional In this paper, two drawbacks pseudo-static method （vertical of the slice method） in the slope stability evaluation have been studied. First, the sliding mass is divided into vertical slices according to this method, which is irrational to some extent in the seismic design of slope. Second, only peak ground acceleration （PGA） is considered, and the effects of shaking frequency and duration on slope stability are neglected. And then, based on the theory of elastic wave and the summarized geological model, this paper put forwards an improved method of pseudo-method by using the theory of elastic wave and Hilbert-Huang transform. The improved pseudostatic method gives reasonable considerations to the time-frequency effects of seismic wave and its rationality has been verified by the shaking table test. This method can evaluate the safety of a slope, the happening time and the scale of landslides. At the same time, this method also can improve the high accuracy of the evaluation of the safety of the slope.

Pseudo-dynamic analysis of seismic stability of reinforced slopes considering non-associated flow rule

The required reinforcement force to prevent instability and the yield acceleration of reinforced slopes are computed under seismic loading by applying the kinematic approach of limit analysis in conjunction with the pseudo-dynamic method for a wide range of soil cohesion, friction angle, dilation angle and horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients. Each parameter threatening the stability of the slope enhances the magnitude of the required reinforcement force and vice versa. Moreover, the yield acceleration increases with the increase in soil shear strength parameters but decreases with the increase in the slope angle. The comparison of the present work with some of the available solutions in the literatures shows a reasonable agreement.

Soliton Solutions for Nonisospectral AKNS Equation by Hirota＇s Method

Bilinear form of the nonisospectral AKNS equation is given. The N-soliton solutions are obtained through Hirota＇s method.

Determination of risperidone in human plasma by HPLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in Chinese volunteers

This study presents a rapid, specific and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for determination of risperidone (RIS) in human serum using paroxetine as an internal standard (IS). An Alltima-C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 3 μm) and a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile (40:60, v/v) were used for separation. The analysis was performed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) method, and the peak area of the m/z 411.3→191.1 transition for RIS was measured versus that of the m/z 330.1→192.1 transition for IS to generate the standard curves. The assay linearity of RIS was confirmed over the range 0.25～50.00 ng/ml and the limit of quantitation was 0.05 ng/ml. The linear range corresponds well with the serum concentrations of the analytes obtained in clinical pharmacokinetic studies. Intraday and interday relative standard deviations were 1.85%～9.09% and 1.56%～4.38%, respectively. The recovery of RIS from serum was in the range of 70.20%～84.50%. The method was successfully applied to investigate the bioequivalence between two kinds of tablets (test versus reference products) in 18 healthy male Chinese volunteers. The result suggests that two formulations are bioequivalent.

Relationship between estrogen receptor gene polymorphism and clinical indexes associated with coronary heart disease

Objective: To investigate the relationship between estrogen receptor(ER) gene and the clinical indexes associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: By means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), we analyzed ER gene polymorphism in 84 CHD patients and 61 healthy subjects and non-CHD inpatients. The clinical indexes associated with CHD were analyzed in relation to the three ER genotypes. Results: There were significant differences in the incidence of hypertension (58.62%), fibrinogen (Fib) concentration (3.5±0.8 g/L), body mass index (BMI, 25.1±3.2), HDL-C concentration (1.0±0.2 mmol/L) between PP genotype group and other genotype groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: ER gene polymorphism may affect ER-mediated cardiovascular protective effect by modulating the expression of ER.

Investigation on the Dynamic Responses of a Truss Spar Platform for Different Mooring Line Groups

The dynamic responses of any floating platform arc dependent on the mass, stiffness and damping characteristics of the body as well as mooring system. Therefore, it is very essential to study the effect of individual contributions to the system that can finally help to economise their cost. This paper focuses on the effect of mooring stiffness on the responses of a truss spar platform, obtained by different grouping of lines. The study is part of our present researches on mooring systems which include the effect of line pretension, diameter and azimuth angles. The platform is modelled as a rigid body with three degrees-of-freedom and its motions are analyzed in time-domain using the implicit Newmark Beta technique. The mooring lines restoring force-excursion relationship is evaluated using a quasi-static approach. It is observed that the mooring system with lines arranged in less number of groups exhibits better performance in terms of the restoring forces as well as mean position of platform. However, the dynamic motions of platform remain unaffected for different line groups.