In order to provide important parameters for schedule designing, decision-making bases for transit operation management and references for passengers traveling by bus, bus transit travel time reliability is analyzed a...In order to provide important parameters for schedule designing, decision-making bases for transit operation management and references for passengers traveling by bus, bus transit travel time reliability is analyzed and evaluated based on automatic vehicle location （AVL） data. Based on the statistical analysis of the bus transit travel time, six indices including the coefficient of variance, the width of travel time distribution, the mean commercial speed, the congestion frequency, the planning time index and the buffer time index are proposed. Moreover, a framework for evaluating bus transit travel time reliability is constructed. Finally, a case study on a certain bus route in Suzhou is conducted. Results show that the proposed evaluation index system is simple and intuitive, and it can effectively reflect the efficiency and stability of bus operations. And a distinguishing feature of bus transit travel time reliability is the temporal pattern. It varies across different time periods.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the optimal technology for en- zymolysis of jeUyfish brain protein by bromefain. [Method] Effects of enzymolysis temperature, the amount of added enzyme, solid/liquid ratio,...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the optimal technology for en- zymolysis of jeUyfish brain protein by bromefain. [Method] Effects of enzymolysis temperature, the amount of added enzyme, solid/liquid ratio, enzymolysis time and pH on the enzymolysis of total protein were investigated through single factor ex- periments, and some technical parameters were optimized by orthogonal experi- ments. [Result] The results revealed that enzymolysis temperature of 55℃, the amount of added enzyme of 4 000 U/g, solid/liquid ratio of 1：4, the amount of added enzyme time for 5 h and pH 7 were the optimal combination of parameters for the enzymolysis; the average degree of hydrolysis obtained from the verification tests was 36.9%, indicating that the optimized results of the orthogonal experiment were credible. [Conclusion] This study provides the optimized conditions reliable theo- retical foundation and technical support for the exploitation and utilization of jellyfish resources as medicines or functional food in China.展开更多
For the time-dependent harmonic oscillator and generalized harmonic oscillator with or without external forces in non-commutative space, wave functions, and geometric phases are derived using the Lewis-Riesenfeld inva...For the time-dependent harmonic oscillator and generalized harmonic oscillator with or without external forces in non-commutative space, wave functions, and geometric phases are derived using the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant. Coherent states are obtedned as the ground state of the forced system. Quantum fluctuations are calculated too. It is seen that geometric phases and quantum fluctuations are greatly affected by the non-commutativity of the space.展开更多
Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres were synthesized using the sol-gel method and were characterized by TEM, FT-IR and BET techniques. The diameter of the microspheres is about 100—150 nm, and the average mesopore diameter...Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres were synthesized using the sol-gel method and were characterized by TEM, FT-IR and BET techniques. The diameter of the microspheres is about 100—150 nm, and the average mesopore diameter is 2.55 nm, while the specific surface area is 1 088.9 m2/g. Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres adsorb glutaraldehyde and immobilize laccase by means of the aldehyde group in glutaral which can react with the amidogen of laccase. The immobilization conditions were optimized at a glutaraldehyde concentration of 0.75%, a crosslinking time of 8 h, a laccase concentration of 0.04 L/L and an immobilization time of 10 h. When diesel leakage concentration was 80 mg/L, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of immobilized laccase reached 49.23%, which was slightly lower than the corrosion inhibition efficiency of free laccase(59%). The diesel degradation ratio could reach up to 45%. It has been proved that the immobilized laccase could degrade diesel to inhibit corrosion.展开更多
Traffic congestion has caused many detrimental effects including higher fuel consumption, more vehicle emissions, increased accidents, as well as greater tension due to uncertain travel time. In addition to delay, the...Traffic congestion has caused many detrimental effects including higher fuel consumption, more vehicle emissions, increased accidents, as well as greater tension due to uncertain travel time. In addition to delay, the variability and reliability of travel time has been of concern to motorists on their daily travel, especially during peak periods. The objective of this study is to examine freeway travel time variability and reliability under different traffic and weather conditions with the use of TRANSMIT data collected by roadside readers deployed on a 40-mile segment of the Interstate Highway 1-287 in New Jersey. Travel time variability and reliability measures including mean travel time, the 95th percentile travel time, travel time index, buffer index, and planning time index under recurring and non-recurring congestion （adverse weather） are investigated. It was found that the standard deviation of travel time increased, due to the weather condition varying from dry to rain and to snow, while the buffer index increased from 29% to 45% and to 94%.展开更多
The paper analyzes the variation characteristics of energy fields of seismicity 2.1≤M L ≤4.5 in Jiangsu and its neighboring areas during the period between January 1970 and December 2007.It also analyzes the variati...The paper analyzes the variation characteristics of energy fields of seismicity 2.1≤M L ≤4.5 in Jiangsu and its neighboring areas during the period between January 1970 and December 2007.It also analyzes the variations of time "weight" coefficients of the major typical energy fields,using random function theory with seismic energy fields as a space-time random function field based on Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) expansion methods.The results show that the expansion accuracy of the first seven typical fields is 0.9244.The strength of seismic energy varies remarkably in different tectonic blocks in the study area.High value areas are in middle and southern Jiangsu,and the south Yellow Sea.The distribution of the typical fields also shows that it is an area that affects most significantly the seismic energy fields of the study region.The time "weight" coefficients of the first six typical fields vary with time,and the amplitude of the variations has strong temporal correlations with moderate-strong earthquakes in the region.展开更多
Aiming to resolve the technical problems of lower gas concentrations and a reduced effective drainage period caused by gas-drainage borehole fracture development, a flexible gel （FG） gas-drainage borehole sealing ma...Aiming to resolve the technical problems of lower gas concentrations and a reduced effective drainage period caused by gas-drainage borehole fracture development, a flexible gel （FG） gas-drainage borehole sealing material was developed that adapts to borehole deformation. In this study, based on orthogonal tests, the effect of the ratio of material to water, stirring time and stirring speed on the viscosity, filtration property, water retention and pumpability of the FG were studied. The results indicate that the stirring speed, ratio of material to water and stirring time in turn increased the viscosity and the ratio of material to water, stirring time and stirring speed enhanced the filtration property and water retention. The FG pumps smoothly and achieves the optimal state of high water retention, low fluid loss and low viscosity when the ratio of material to water is 1：10, the stirring speed is 800 r/min, and the stirring time is 12 min. The field test results indicate that, after using the FG, the average drainage gas concentration increases by 25.9% and 27.6g and the average negative pressure of extraction increases by 2.7 kPa and 3.5 kPa com- pared with expansive cement and polyurethane, respectively.展开更多
Ambient noise tomography is a rapidly emerging field of seismological research. This paper presents the current status of ambient noise data processing and its development history over the past several years, with the...Ambient noise tomography is a rapidly emerging field of seismological research. This paper presents the current status of ambient noise data processing and its development history over the past several years, with the intention to explain and justify this development through salient examples. The ambient noise data processing procedure can be divided into four principal phases： ① single station data preparation; ② cross- correlation and temporal stacking; ③ measurements of dispersion curves （ performed with frequency-time analysis for both group and phase speeds） ; ④ quality control, including SNR analysis and selection of the acceptable measurements. In addition, we provide a specific solution for a better use of the seismic station data to ambient noise study.展开更多
基金The Soft Science Research Project of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (No. 2008-k5-14)
文摘In order to provide important parameters for schedule designing, decision-making bases for transit operation management and references for passengers traveling by bus, bus transit travel time reliability is analyzed and evaluated based on automatic vehicle location （AVL） data. Based on the statistical analysis of the bus transit travel time, six indices including the coefficient of variance, the width of travel time distribution, the mean commercial speed, the congestion frequency, the planning time index and the buffer time index are proposed. Moreover, a framework for evaluating bus transit travel time reliability is constructed. Finally, a case study on a certain bus route in Suzhou is conducted. Results show that the proposed evaluation index system is simple and intuitive, and it can effectively reflect the efficiency and stability of bus operations. And a distinguishing feature of bus transit travel time reliability is the temporal pattern. It varies across different time periods.
基金Supported by the Talents Introduction Project of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology(2112rc0104)the Special Fund for the Integration of Production,Education and Research for the 2011 Key Science&Technology Projects in Maoming City(2011A01004)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the optimal technology for en- zymolysis of jeUyfish brain protein by bromefain. [Method] Effects of enzymolysis temperature, the amount of added enzyme, solid/liquid ratio, enzymolysis time and pH on the enzymolysis of total protein were investigated through single factor ex- periments, and some technical parameters were optimized by orthogonal experi- ments. [Result] The results revealed that enzymolysis temperature of 55℃, the amount of added enzyme of 4 000 U/g, solid/liquid ratio of 1：4, the amount of added enzyme time for 5 h and pH 7 were the optimal combination of parameters for the enzymolysis; the average degree of hydrolysis obtained from the verification tests was 36.9%, indicating that the optimized results of the orthogonal experiment were credible. [Conclusion] This study provides the optimized conditions reliable theo- retical foundation and technical support for the exploitation and utilization of jellyfish resources as medicines or functional food in China.
文摘For the time-dependent harmonic oscillator and generalized harmonic oscillator with or without external forces in non-commutative space, wave functions, and geometric phases are derived using the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant. Coherent states are obtedned as the ground state of the forced system. Quantum fluctuations are calculated too. It is seen that geometric phases and quantum fluctuations are greatly affected by the non-commutativity of the space.
基金supported by the Foundation for Top Talents Program of China University of Petroleum
文摘Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres were synthesized using the sol-gel method and were characterized by TEM, FT-IR and BET techniques. The diameter of the microspheres is about 100—150 nm, and the average mesopore diameter is 2.55 nm, while the specific surface area is 1 088.9 m2/g. Mesoporous SiO_2 microspheres adsorb glutaraldehyde and immobilize laccase by means of the aldehyde group in glutaral which can react with the amidogen of laccase. The immobilization conditions were optimized at a glutaraldehyde concentration of 0.75%, a crosslinking time of 8 h, a laccase concentration of 0.04 L/L and an immobilization time of 10 h. When diesel leakage concentration was 80 mg/L, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of immobilized laccase reached 49.23%, which was slightly lower than the corrosion inhibition efficiency of free laccase(59%). The diesel degradation ratio could reach up to 45%. It has been proved that the immobilized laccase could degrade diesel to inhibit corrosion.
文摘Traffic congestion has caused many detrimental effects including higher fuel consumption, more vehicle emissions, increased accidents, as well as greater tension due to uncertain travel time. In addition to delay, the variability and reliability of travel time has been of concern to motorists on their daily travel, especially during peak periods. The objective of this study is to examine freeway travel time variability and reliability under different traffic and weather conditions with the use of TRANSMIT data collected by roadside readers deployed on a 40-mile segment of the Interstate Highway 1-287 in New Jersey. Travel time variability and reliability measures including mean travel time, the 95th percentile travel time, travel time index, buffer index, and planning time index under recurring and non-recurring congestion （adverse weather） are investigated. It was found that the standard deviation of travel time increased, due to the weather condition varying from dry to rain and to snow, while the buffer index increased from 29% to 45% and to 94%.
基金the Key Projects in the National S&T Pillar Program during the Eleventh "Five-year Plan" Period(2006BAC01B03-03-01),China Earthquake AdministrationYouth Fund of Earthquake Administration of Jiangsu Province(2009),China
文摘The paper analyzes the variation characteristics of energy fields of seismicity 2.1≤M L ≤4.5 in Jiangsu and its neighboring areas during the period between January 1970 and December 2007.It also analyzes the variations of time "weight" coefficients of the major typical energy fields,using random function theory with seismic energy fields as a space-time random function field based on Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) expansion methods.The results show that the expansion accuracy of the first seven typical fields is 0.9244.The strength of seismic energy varies remarkably in different tectonic blocks in the study area.High value areas are in middle and southern Jiangsu,and the south Yellow Sea.The distribution of the typical fields also shows that it is an area that affects most significantly the seismic energy fields of the study region.The time "weight" coefficients of the first six typical fields vary with time,and the amplitude of the variations has strong temporal correlations with moderate-strong earthquakes in the region.
基金supported by the Central Universities Special Funds for Fundamental Research Funds of the China University of Mining and Technology (No. 2013ZDP01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51274195 and U1361106)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2012571)the National Major Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project (No. 2013YQ17046309)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-12-0959)the Qing Lan Project
文摘Aiming to resolve the technical problems of lower gas concentrations and a reduced effective drainage period caused by gas-drainage borehole fracture development, a flexible gel （FG） gas-drainage borehole sealing material was developed that adapts to borehole deformation. In this study, based on orthogonal tests, the effect of the ratio of material to water, stirring time and stirring speed on the viscosity, filtration property, water retention and pumpability of the FG were studied. The results indicate that the stirring speed, ratio of material to water and stirring time in turn increased the viscosity and the ratio of material to water, stirring time and stirring speed enhanced the filtration property and water retention. The FG pumps smoothly and achieves the optimal state of high water retention, low fluid loss and low viscosity when the ratio of material to water is 1：10, the stirring speed is 800 r/min, and the stirring time is 12 min. The field test results indicate that, after using the FG, the average drainage gas concentration increases by 25.9% and 27.6g and the average negative pressure of extraction increases by 2.7 kPa and 3.5 kPa com- pared with expansive cement and polyurethane, respectively.
基金Jointly funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(40774018)the Seismic Scientific and Technological Spark Project,China Earthquake Administration(XH13009Y)the Earthquake Research Foundation,Earthquake Administration of Anhui Province(20120702)
文摘Ambient noise tomography is a rapidly emerging field of seismological research. This paper presents the current status of ambient noise data processing and its development history over the past several years, with the intention to explain and justify this development through salient examples. The ambient noise data processing procedure can be divided into four principal phases： ① single station data preparation; ② cross- correlation and temporal stacking; ③ measurements of dispersion curves （ performed with frequency-time analysis for both group and phase speeds） ; ④ quality control, including SNR analysis and selection of the acceptable measurements. In addition, we provide a specific solution for a better use of the seismic station data to ambient noise study.
