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无生命名词与抽象名词语法性别形成的理据
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作者 田飞洋 《殷都学刊》 2012年第1期109-113,共5页
名词语法性别为约定俗成,但约定并非等于无理。即使是无生命名词与抽象名词,其语法性别虽无自然性别基础,其约定过程也有据可寻。本文旨在结合法语、俄语、德语以及梵语等印欧语言材料,探讨此类名词性别标记约定过程的理据性。文章认为... 名词语法性别为约定俗成,但约定并非等于无理。即使是无生命名词与抽象名词,其语法性别虽无自然性别基础,其约定过程也有据可寻。本文旨在结合法语、俄语、德语以及梵语等印欧语言材料,探讨此类名词性别标记约定过程的理据性。文章认为,理据性有单一性和多重性之别,而所谓无理实属表象,是多重历时理据在共时交叉的结果。历史语言学关于语法范畴演化进程研究的一个根本任务,即是对有关理据做出分门别类的梳理。理据性不等于普遍性,不同语言其性别范畴的划分依据,有共性更有个性,有客观性更有主观性。 展开更多
关键词 无生命名词 抽象名词 性别理据
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谈英汉语言中的性别歧视现象 被引量:3
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作者 王春燕 《山东教育学院学报》 2002年第5期72-73,共2页
当今 ,英语中的性别歧视问题倍受重视 ,从语言界到社会女权主义者都强烈要求寻找一条中间道路以解决长期以来语言上的歧视问题 ,消除这一因社会态度和社会偏见而造成的语言性别歧视现象。文章结合各种诱发性别歧视的原因 ,重点分析了词... 当今 ,英语中的性别歧视问题倍受重视 ,从语言界到社会女权主义者都强烈要求寻找一条中间道路以解决长期以来语言上的歧视问题 ,消除这一因社会态度和社会偏见而造成的语言性别歧视现象。文章结合各种诱发性别歧视的原因 ,重点分析了词汇的各种性别歧视现象 ,希望能对学习和研究者有所帮助。 展开更多
关键词 性别歧视 语言差异 英语 汉语 语言发展
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Italian Asset Managers' Behavior: Evidence on Overconfidence, Risk Taking and Gender
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作者 Daniela Beckmann Torben Lutje Luca Rebeggiani 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2011年第12期1368-1385,共18页
This paper offers new insights into the Italian mutual fund industry. Surveying Italian professionals, we do not only reveal typical gender differences but also detect divergence to their German counterparts. While di... This paper offers new insights into the Italian mutual fund industry. Surveying Italian professionals, we do not only reveal typical gender differences but also detect divergence to their German counterparts. While disclosing Italian professionals' overly positive self-assessment in general, we find evidence for male overconfidence in particular--though without being accompanied by excessive control illusion of the own information level. Asset managers' risk taking reveals further differences: Italian female professionals do not only assess themselves as more risk averse than their male colleagues, they also prefer a more passive portfolio management compared to the level they are allowed to. Moreover, in a tournament scenario near the end of the investment period female asset managers do not try to become the ultimate top performer when they have outperformed their peer group so far. However, in case of underperformance, the risk of deviating from the benchmark makes especially female professionals willing to seize a chance of catching up. Overall, compared to their German counterparts, we find Italian asset managers to be slightly more risk averse. Matching bounded former results on Italian mutual funds, we discuss interdependencies as well as impact of our findings at the individual asset managers' level on trading activity, management style and performance. 展开更多
关键词 institutional investors GENDER OVERCONFIDENCE risk taking tournament behavior
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