基于Bristol粪便性状分型的肠道准备方案对结肠镜检查效率的影响研究

目的研究基于Bristol粪便性状分型的肠道准备方案对结肠镜检查效率的影响。方法选取西安医学院第二附属医院于2020年10月至2022年9月收治的88例拟行结肠镜检查患者进行随机对照试验,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组44例。对照组男22例、女22例,年龄(48.71±3.44)岁,实施常规肠道准备方案;观察组男21例、女23例,年龄(48.55±3.40)岁,实施基于Bristol粪便性状分型的肠道准备方案。对比两组患者接受不同肠道准备方案后肠道准备成功率、结肠清洁度[Boston肠道准备量表(BBPS)]、结肠进镜时间、整体检查时间。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果观察组肠道准备合格率高于对照组[79.55%(35/44)比47.73%(21/44)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.625,P=0.002);观察组的右侧、中间、左侧BBPS评分均高于对照组[(2.11±0.69)分比(1.71±0.52)分、(2.31±0.48)分比(1.95±0.57)分、(2.29±0.47)分比(1.99±0.67)分],结肠进镜时间、整体检查时间均短于对照组[(11.20±0.85)min比(11.62±1.05)min、(15.17±1.24)min比(16.28±1.73)min],差异均有统计学意义(t=3.071、P=0.003,t=3.205、P=0.002,t=2.432、P=0.017,t=2.062、P=0.042,t=3.459、P=0.001)。结论基于Bristol粪便性状分型的肠道准备方案能提高肠道准备成功率和结肠清洁度,缩短结肠进镜和整体检查时间,显著优化了结肠镜检查的效率和质量,为临床提供了一种更有效的肠道准备方法。

Bristol大便性状分型量表对拟行肠镜检查老年人肠道准备的指导价值

目的评价Bristol大便性状分型量表(BSFS)对老年人肠道准备质量的指导价值及强化肠道准备方案对Bristol大便性状1型及2型老年患者的效果及耐受性。方法选取2019年3月至12月于北京老年医院内镜中心预约肠镜检查的患者240例,采用随机数表法将Bristol大便性状1型及2型的患者分为A组、B组,其余3~7型患者为C组。A、C组应用聚乙二醇电解质散行标准肠道准备方案,B组应用聚乙二醇电解质散联合莫沙必利行强化肠道准备方案。采用肠道准备成功率、波士顿肠道准备评分(BBPS)、息肉检出率、进退镜时间及盲肠插管成功率评估患者肠道准备质量。记录患者不良反应发生情况、肠道准备满意度及重复肠道准备方案意愿。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行数据分析,3组间比较采用单因素方差分析或χ2检验。结果与A组相比,B、C组肠道准备成功率、BBPS、息肉检出率及盲肠插管成功率显著增高,进退镜时间显著降低,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与A组相比,C组肠道准备满意度、重复肠道准备方案意愿高(均P<0.05)。A、B组在恶心、腹胀发生率,肠道准备满意度及重复肠道准备方案意愿方面比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论BSFS量表对老年肠镜检查患者肠道准备质量有一定指导价值,Bristol大便性状1型及2型的老年人行强化肠道准备方案有良好的效果及耐受性。

基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化护理干预在肠镜检查患者中的应用效果

目的探讨基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化护理干预在肠镜治疗患者肠道准备中的应用效果。方法选择江苏省连云港市第一人民医院于2016年8月1日—2018年7月31日收治的行肠镜检查及治疗患者320例,按照数字随机法分为研究组和对照组,每组160例。对照组给予常规肠道准备护理方法,干预组给予基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化护理干预方法,观察两组患者肠道准备清洁度、肠道准备过程中不良反应、检查完成时间及患者对护理工作的满意度情况。结果干预组患者肠道清洁度明显高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组肠道准备过程中不良反应低于对照组(P<0.05);干预组检查完成时间明显低于对照组(P<0.05);医护对护理工作的满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化护理干预应用于临床治疗中,可以发现肠镜检查患者的准备清洁度有所提高,同时肠道准备过程中的不良反应有所缓减,缩短肠镜检查时间以及提高了工作满意度,临床护理效果显著。

基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化肠道准备方案在肠镜诊疗前的应用效果

为探讨基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化肠道准备方案在肠镜诊疗前的应用效果,将2019年于我科拟接受肠镜诊疗的140例患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各70例,肠镜诊疗前,对照组予以常规肠道准备,观察组根据患者Bristol粪便性状分型予以个性化肠道准备方案,比较2组肠道准备质量、不良反应及肠镜检查时间。结果显示,观察组肠道准备合格率(95.71%)明显高于对照组(82.86%),肠道准备期间不良反应发生率(4.29%)明显低于对照组(15.71%),而且肠镜检查时间[(15.12±2.34)min]明显短于对照组[(21.86±3.29)min],P <0.05。结果表明,基于Bristol粪便性状分型的个性化肠道准备有助于提高肠道准备质量,减少不良反应,缩短肠镜检查时间。

Bristol大便分型评估对肠镜检查肠道准备质量的影响

目的评价Bristol大便分型评估对结肠镜检查患者肠道准备质量的影响效果。方法将2018年6~11月住院需要进行结肠镜检查的284例患者,按时间段分为对照组和观察组,对照组使用2L恒康正清进行肠道准备,观察组先对患者进行Bristol大便分型评估,对Bristol大便性状1、2型患者采用2L+2L恒康正清进行肠道准备,其余患者均使用2L恒康正清进行肠道准备。观察2组患者肠道准备合格率及息肉的检出率。结果观察组肠道准备合格率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);肠镜检查中息肉的检出率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对结肠镜检查的患者肠道准备前进行Bristol大便分型评估,筛查出Bristol大便性状1、2型患者,采用2L+2L恒康正清进行肠道准备的方案更能明显提高肠道准备的质量。

健脾补中益气汤联合益生菌治疗脾肾阳虚证慢性腹泻临床研究

目的:观察健脾补中益气汤联合益生菌治疗脾肾阳虚证慢性腹泻临床疗效及对肠道菌群、粪便性状的影响。方法:选取脾肾阳虚证型慢性腹泻患者100例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和联合组,每组各50例。对照组单纯应用益生菌治疗,联合组应用益生菌联合自拟健脾补中益气汤治疗。观察2组临床疗效,以及治疗前后肠道菌群数量(双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌)、粪便性状[排便次数、Bristol大便性状分型量表(BSFS)评分]情况。结果:治疗后,联合组愈显率为86.00%,对照组为66.00%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌菌群数量均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),肠杆菌、肠球菌菌群数量均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);且联合组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌菌群数量高于对照组(P<0.05),肠杆菌、肠球菌菌群数量低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组排便次数、BSFS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且联合组排便次数、BSFS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:健脾补中益气汤联合益生菌治疗脾肾阳虚证慢性腹泻,可改善患者肠道菌群数量及排便情况,疗效优于单纯益生菌治疗。

Correlation and path coefficient analysis for phenotypic traits of noble scallop Chlamys nobilis

In April of 2006, a base population of the noble scallop Chlamys nobilis was established by collecting parental breeders from the stocks in Wushi, Zhanjiang. In December of 2006, 200 individuals were randomly sampled from the base population and subjected for correlation and path coefficient analysis. It was found that there were statistically significant phenotypic correlations among the traits （P 〈 0.01）. Total weight was significantly and positively correlated with the shell length （r = 0.934 3）, shell height （r = 0.895 9）, shell width （r = 0.899 1 ）, muscle weight （r = 0.882 0） and shell weight （r = 0.937 9）, respectively. Shell length, shell width, muscle weight, shell height and shell weight had positive and direct effects on the total weight, with values of 0.397 1, 0.321 9, 0.172 1, 0.089 6 and 0.066 9, respectively. Shell length, shell width and muscle weight had higher direct effects on the total weight than shell height and shell weight. A combined evaluation of correlation, direct effects and indirect effects showed that direct selection for shell length, shell width, muscle weight, shell height and shell weight would be effective to improving the total weight. It was concluded that these traits could be regarded as the selection criteria in breeding programs of the species.

Study on Influencing Factors of Farmland Soil Heavy Metals in Central Yunnan Province

[Objective] This study aimed to explore the relationship between contents of heavy metals with soil type, altitude distribution as well as physical and chemical properties. [Method] Based on determination of contents of soil heavy metals and soil physical and chemical properties from agricultural land in Central Yunnan Province, the relationship between soil heavy metals with soil type, altitude distribu- tion and soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. [Result] The average contents of all heavy metals in farmland of Central Yunnan didn＇t extend their limits of Grade II in the National Soil Environmental Quality Standard （GB15618-1995）. and the heavy metals content in red soil was higher than that in other types. Soil Cd content changes slightly with the altitude, while contents of other heavy metals were greatly affected by altitude. There were extremely significant positive correlation between heavy metals and clay particle content, that is, soil with heavier texture has more heavy metals. There was positive correlation between pH and each heavy metal content; there were positive correlation between Mn with Pb, Cd, Hg and Hg; exchangeable Ca and Mg contents in soil show negative correlations with most heavy metals. [Conclusion] This study has provided scientific bases for the heavy metal management in Central Yunnan area.

Canonical Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Characters of Brassica juncea in Western China

[Objective] The study aimed at exploring the relationship among the agronomic characters of B. juncea in western China, in order to provide scientific basis for the breeding of B. juncea in western China. [Method] 39 B. juncea materials from western China were used for the canonical correlation analysis, and canonical correlations between each pair of the four ecological character （containing 18 variables） were verified, including yield characters （5 variables）, caulis characters （6 variables）, branch characters （3 variables） and pod characters （3 variables）. [Result] Yield per plant of B. juncea in western China suffered a tremendous influence from effective pod number per plant while was not significantly affected by the total pod number per plant, seed number per pod and 1 000-seed weight; the most important character related with the yield character of B. juncea in western China was caulis character, followed by the branch character and pod character; yield characters, caulis characters, branch characters and pod characters of B. juncea in western China were closely correlated. [Conclusion] In order to improve the yield characters of B. juncea in western China, caulis characters should be focused on, followed by branch characters and pod characters; rapeseed varieties with high performance in total pod number per plant and effective pod number per plant should be chosen through the perspectives of effective branch number, plant height, pod number of main inflorescence, fruit stalk number of main inflorescence and other traits, while rapeseed varieties with high performance in seed number per pod and 1 000-seed weight should be chosen through the perspectives of beak length and other traits.

Molecular Markers and Agronomic Traits of a New Kind of Genic Male Sterile Material Mian 7AB-4-2 in Brassica napus L.

[ Objective] The study was to investigate the agronomic traits and breeding characteristics of genic male sterile material Mian 7AB-4- 2 in Brassica napus. [ Method] The differences in agronomic traits and polymorphisms in SSR markers, between the genic male sterile material Mian 7AB-4-2 in Brassica napus and its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 were investigated by hybridization and molecular identification; and the percentage of sterile individuals of Mian 7AB-4-2 and of the hybrids with its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 from test cross and back cross were also studled. [ Result] Mian 7AB-4-2 was not significantly different in agronomic traits from its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 at 0.05 probability level. The per- centages of sterile individuals in the pollinated fertile Mian 7AB-4-2 plants were over 60%, and that in its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 was about 25%. In test crosses with other nine sterile lines, Mian 7AB-4-1 kept the percentage of sterile individuals of sterile lines over 90%, and the percentage of sterile individuals from back cross over 80%. With regard to molecular markers, Mian 7AB-4-2 and its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 were different in the band number from SSR primers a2 and E10. [ Conclusion] The results indicate that Mian 7AB-4-2 is helpful for rapeseed breeding, quickening the application of new materials in field breeding.

排便训练联合益生菌在小儿便秘中的治疗效果研究

探讨排便训练联合益生菌在小儿便秘中的治疗效果。方法 随机抽取100例小儿便秘患儿作为本次研究对象,选取时间点在2021年1月-12月之间,按照分组原则将患者均等分为对照组和研究组,其中选择益生菌治疗者为对照组,例数50例,选择排便训练联合益生菌治疗为研究组,例数50例。对比治疗效果、排便情况、患儿家属满意度。结果 治疗后,观察组的治疗率、排便积分以及患儿家属满意度均由于对对照组。结论 排便训练联合益生菌在小儿便秘中的应用具有积极意义,有效提升治疗有效率及家属满意度,改善患儿排便情况,利于病症进一步好转,值得推广。

Genetic analysis of fruit shape traits at different maturation stages in sponge gourd

The fruit shape is important quantitative trait closely related to the fruit quality. However, the genetic model of fruit shapes has not been proposed. Therefore, in the present study, analysis of genetic effects for fruit shape traits （fruit length and fruit perimeter） in sponge gourd was conducted by employing a developmental genetic model including fruit direct effects and maternal effects. Analysis approaches of unconditional and conditional variances were applied to evaluate the genetic behavior of fruit shape traits at economical and physiological maturation times. The results of variance analysis indicated that fruit length and fruit perimeter were simultaneously affected by fruit direct genetic effects and maternal effects. Fruit direct genetic effects were relatively more important for fruit shape traits at whole developmental period. The gene expression was most active at the economical maturation stage （1-12 d after flowering） for two shape traits, and the activation of gene was mostly due to direct dominance effects at physiological maturation stage （13-60 datter flowering）. The coefficients due to different genetic effects, as well as the phenotypic correlation coefficients, varied significantly between fruit shape traits themselves at various maturation stages. The results showed that it was relatively easy to improve fruit shape traits for industrial purpose by carefully selecting the parents at economical maturation stage instead of that at physiological maturation stage.

Analysis of phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth-related traits in the half smooth tongue sole,Cynoglossus semilaevis

Phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth-related traits in the half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, were estimated in 22 full-sib families produced by normal and neo-male breeding stocks. As phenotypic males with female genotypes, neo-males are harmful in C. semilaevis aquaculture because they reduce overall production. The present study evaluated the difference in the growth-related traits： total length （TL）, body weight （BW） and square root of body weight （SQ_BW） at the age of 570 days between normal and neo-male offspring （neo-males used as male parents）. The difference in the proportion of females between normal and neo-male offspring was also assessed. Based on the linear mixed model, restricted maximum likelihood （REML） and best linear unbiased prediction （BLUP） were used to estimate various （co）variance components and estimated breeding values （EBVs） of growth-related traits. As a result, all the mean values of the three studied traits were significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Additionally, the female proportion was significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Heritability was 0.128＋0.066 2 for TL, 0.128-4-0.065 5 for BW and 0.132~0.062 9 for SQBW, all of which were low level heritabilities. The correlation coefficients of EBVs and phenotypic values of the target traits were 0.516 for TL, 0.524 for BW and 0.506 for SQ_BW, all of which were highly significant （P〈0.01）. Genetic correlations among TL, BW and SQ_BW were positive high （0.921-0.969） and higher than those of phenotype （0.711-0.748）, both of which had low standard errors （0.063-0.123 for genotype, and 0.010-0.018 for phenotype）. Compared with normal offspring, neo-male offspring have lower breeding values for each studied trait through EBVs comparison. Therefore, neo-male offspring should not be used as broodstock in a C. semilaevis breeding programs.

Differences in functional traits and reproductive allocations between native and invasive plants

Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants may be closely related to the success of the latter.Accordingly,this study examines differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants in Eastern China.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants were all notably higher than those of native species.Additionally,the specific leaf area(SLA)values of invasive plants were remarkably lower than those of native species.Plasticity indexes of SLA,maximum branch angle,and branch number of invasive plants were each notably lower than those of native species.The reproductive allocation coefficient was positively correlated with reproductive branch number and the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio but exhibited negative correlations with SLA and aboveground biomass.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants may strongly influence the success of their invasions.

Genetic Analysis of Main Plant Type-related Traits in Bitter Gourd(Momordica charantia L.)

In this study,the cultivated bitter gourd inbred line‘Foli 112’and the wild bitter gourd accession THMC170 were used as female(P1)and male(P2)parent,respectively,to obtain 4 generations(P1,P2,F1 and F2)through self-crossing and hybridization.The mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model of plant quantitative trait was used to perform genetic analysis for 5 plant type-related traits including the number of internode,leaf length,leaf width,stem width and internode length in bitter gourd.Results showed that the inheritance of internode number,leaf length and leaf width was in accordance with E-6 model which involved two pairs of equi-dominant major genes with additive-dominant polygene model;the stem width was controlled by additive-dominance-epistasis polygene inheritance model(C-0 model);the inheritance of internode length involved 2 pairs of equi-additive major genes with additive-dominant polygene model(E-4 model).Meanwhile,the heritability(h2)of stem width and internode number was 20.08%and 39.28%,respectively,indicating that they were vulnerable to environment impacts;leaf length,leaf width and internode length had a higher heritability of 51.50%,52.16%and 64.36%,respectively;the inheritance of leaf length was mainly controlled by major gene(the heritability of major gene was 40.75%),indicating that early-generation selection was better for leaf length,while the inheritance of leaf width and internode length was mainly controlled by mutiple minor genes,indicating that it was better to select these two parameters for late generation.

Local Partial Least Squares Based Online Soft Sensing Method for Multi-output Processes with Adaptive Process States Division

Local learning based soft sensing methods succeed in coping with time-varying characteristics of processes as well as nonlinearities in industrial plants. In this paper, a local partial least squares based soft sensing method for multi-output processes is proposed to accomplish process states division and local model adaptation,which are two key steps in development of local learning based soft sensors. An adaptive way of partitioning process states without redundancy is proposed based on F-test, where unique local time regions are extracted.Subsequently, a novel anti-over-fitting criterion is proposed for online local model adaptation which simultaneously considers the relationship between process variables and the information in labeled and unlabeled samples. Case study is carried out on two chemical processes and simulation results illustrate the superiorities of the proposed method from several aspects.

Bovine PON1 Gene SNPs and their effects on Bio-economic traits

The objectives of the present study were to determine associations between these polymorphisms of PON1 gene and growth and carcass traits. For this purpose, genotyping was performed on males of 18 Angus, 23 Jinnan cattle, 20 Limousin, 28 Luxi cattle, 26 Qinchuan cattle, 29 Simmental, 29 Charolais. Traits of interest were analyzed using the RFLP-PCR and GLM procedure of SAS 9.1 and least square means of the genotypes were compared by the Tukey＇ s test in the association studies. Association of PONI/ EcoRV genotypes with body weight, average daily gain, rib eye area and tenderness were significant （P〈0.05）, and AG genotype was significant difference with others in average daily gain and tenderness （P〈0.05）, with AA genotype may have higher rib eye area （p〈0.05）. The association analysis of the PONI/Alu I polymorphism showed significant associations between genotypes and growth： body weight and carcass traits net meat weight and tenderness （P〈0.05）. AA genotype was considered more favorable than others in all growth and production traits. There were significant differences among breeds for all associated interests traits and difference between beef breeds and native breeds are obviously in all aspects. And these results may be useful for the breeding selection.

Axial compressive behavior and design method of tubed circular steel reinforced concrete short columns

To study the behavior and design of tubed circular steel reinforced concrete (TCSRC) short column under axial compressive loads, a nonlinear finite element model (FEM) has been developed to simulate this kind of structure. Depending on the FEM results, an elastic-plastic analysis was carried out to clarify the status of steel tube, then a simplified procedure was proposed to predict the compressive axial load strength. The results obtained from this procedure were compared with the test results. It is found that they agree well each other.

Method of Judging Potential Failure States of Electronic Instruments

Potential failures of electronic instrument are very common in the engineering practice.In this paper,potential failure state model is analyzed based on dynamic characteristics of electronic instrument at work and a comprehensive method of judging multi-state reliability is put forward.Then,a multi-state electronic instrument reliability analysis model is built based on Bayesian Networks(BN).Considering the failure-potential failure-normal work states,the model is built to estimate reliability of the system and the conditional probability of the elements.Finally,the model is proved corrective and effective by examples.

基于BSFS探讨大便性状对痔病患者的影响

目的基于布里斯托大便性状分型探讨大便性状对痔病患者的影响。方法2021年11月至2022年11月期间在6家医院进行横断面调查,调查内容包括一般情况调查表、布里斯托大便性状分型量表、痔病症状自拟问卷、PATE评分、Giordano痔病症状严重程度评分、中文版痔病和肛裂患者生命质量量表、简明健康状况调查问卷的躯体疼痛维度。基于布里斯托大便性状分型根据大便性状将患者分为硬便组(n=103)、正常大便组(n=446)和稀便组(n=53),探讨大便性状对痔病患者的影响。结果硬便组、正常大便组和稀便组的肛门疼痛和污裤发作频率评分,肛周瘙痒、肛周潮湿感和污裤强度评分,PATE评分,中文版痔病和肛裂患者生命质量量表排粪维度得分,简明健康状况调查问卷的躯体疼痛维度得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步两两比较结果显示,硬便组的肛门疼痛发作频率评分、PATE评分、中文版痔病和肛裂患者生命质量量表排粪维度得分较正常大便组和稀便组的高,稀便组的污裤发作频率和强度评分较硬便组、正常大便组的高,稀便组的肛周瘙痒强度评分较硬便组的高,硬便组的简明健康状况调查问卷的躯体疼痛维度得分较正常大便组和稀便组的低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017)。结论大便越干硬,痔病患者肛门疼痛发作越频繁,排粪感受更差;大便越稀薄,痔病患者污裤发作频率越频繁,污裤和肛周瘙痒强度更严重。