Validating simulation model is one of the important aspects for modeling and simulation. Some methods of validating model are compared and analyzed. Several typical methods, such as TIC’s inequality coefficient, gray...Validating simulation model is one of the important aspects for modeling and simulation. Some methods of validating model are compared and analyzed. Several typical methods, such as TIC’s inequality coefficient, gray interconnected analysis, direct spectrum estimation, maximum entropy spectral estimation based on Burg or Marple, are chosen and programmed in C language. Some examples by using the program are given. The results show that the program is available and it is best to adopt multi methods for validating models.展开更多
Background:Marginal changes in the execution of competitive sports movements can represent a significant change for performance success.However,such differences may emerge only at certain execution intensities and are...Background:Marginal changes in the execution of competitive sports movements can represent a significant change for performance success.However,such differences may emerge only at certain execution intensities and are not easily detectable through conventional biomechanical techniques.This study aimed to investigate if and how competition standard and progression speed affect race walking kinematics from both a conventional and a coordination variability perspective.Methods:Fifteen experienced athletes divided into three groups(elite,international,and national) were studied while race walking on a treadmill at two different speeds(12.0 and 15.5 km/h).Basic gait parameters,the angular displacement of the pelvis and lower limbs,and the variability in continuous relative phase between six different joint couplings were analyzed.Results:Most of the spatio-temporal,kinematic,and coordination variability measures proved sensitive to the change in speed.Conversely,non-linear dynamics measures highlighted differences between athletes of different competition standard when conventional analytical tools were not able to discriminate between different skill levels.Continuous relative phase variability was higher for national level athletes than international and elite in two couplings(pelvis obliquity—hip flex/extension and pelvis rotation—ankle dorsi/plantarflexion) and gait phases(early stance for the first coupling,propulsive phase for the second) that are deemed fundamental for correct technique and performance.Conclusion:Measures of coordination variability showed to be a more sensitive tool for the fine detection of skill-dependent factors in competitive race walking,and showed good potential for being integrated in the assessment and monitoring of sports motor abilities.展开更多
A new kind of region pair grey difference classifier was proposed. The regions in pairs associated to form a feature were not necessarily directly-connected, but were selected dedicatedly to the grey transition betwee...A new kind of region pair grey difference classifier was proposed. The regions in pairs associated to form a feature were not necessarily directly-connected, but were selected dedicatedly to the grey transition between regions coinciding with the face pattern structure. Fifteen brighter and darker region pairs were chosen to form the region pair grey difference features with high discriminant capabilities. Instead of using both false acceptance rate and false rejection rate, the mutual information was used as a unified metric for evaluating the classifying performance. The parameters of specified positions, areas and grey difference bias for each single region pair feature were selected by an optimization processing aiming at maximizing the mutual information between the region pair feature and classifying distribution, respectively. An additional region-based feature depicting the correlation between global region grey intensity patterns was also proposed. Compared with the result of Viola-like approach using over 2 000 features, the proposed approach can achieve similar error rates with only 16 features and 1/6 implementation time on controlled illumination images.展开更多
Datapath accounts for a considerable part of power consumption in VLSI circuit design. This paper presents a method for physical implementation of datapath to achieve low power consumption. Regularity is a characteris...Datapath accounts for a considerable part of power consumption in VLSI circuit design. This paper presents a method for physical implementation of datapath to achieve low power consumption. Regularity is a characteristic of datapath and the key of the proposed method, where synthesis is tightly combined with placement to make full use of regularity, so that low power consumption is achieved. In This paper, a new concept of Synthesis In Relative Placement (SIRP) is given to deal with the semi-regularity in some datapath. Experimental results of a sample circuit validated the proposed method.展开更多
Combining Peng-Robinson （PR） equation of state （EoS） with an association model derived from shield-sticky method （SSM） by Liu et al., a new cubic-plus-association （CPA） EoS is proposed to describe the ther-mod...Combining Peng-Robinson （PR） equation of state （EoS） with an association model derived from shield-sticky method （SSM） by Liu et al., a new cubic-plus-association （CPA） EoS is proposed to describe the ther-modynamic properties of pure ionic liquids （ILs） and their mixtures. The new molecular parameters for 25 ILs are obtained by fitting the experimental density data over a wide temperature and pressure range, and the overall aver-age deviation is 0.22%. The model parameter b for homologous ILs shows a good linear relationship with their mo-lecular mass, so the number of model parameters is reduced effectively. Using one temperature-independent binary adjustable parameter kij, satisfactory correlations of vapor-liquid equilibria （VLE） for binary mixtures of ILs ＋ non-associating solvents and ＋ associating solvents are obtained with the overall average deviation of vapor pressure 2.91% and 7.01%, respectively. In addition, VLE results for ILs ＋ non-associating mixtures from CPA, lattice-fluid （LF） and square-well chain fluids with variable range （SWCF-VR） EoSs are compared.展开更多
文摘Validating simulation model is one of the important aspects for modeling and simulation. Some methods of validating model are compared and analyzed. Several typical methods, such as TIC’s inequality coefficient, gray interconnected analysis, direct spectrum estimation, maximum entropy spectral estimation based on Burg or Marple, are chosen and programmed in C language. Some examples by using the program are given. The results show that the program is available and it is best to adopt multi methods for validating models.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program(973 Program) of China(No.2011CB706506)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51221004 and 51375012)+1 种基金the National High-Tech R&D Program(863 Program) of China(Nos.2013AA041303 and 2013IM030500)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.Y13E050014)
文摘Background:Marginal changes in the execution of competitive sports movements can represent a significant change for performance success.However,such differences may emerge only at certain execution intensities and are not easily detectable through conventional biomechanical techniques.This study aimed to investigate if and how competition standard and progression speed affect race walking kinematics from both a conventional and a coordination variability perspective.Methods:Fifteen experienced athletes divided into three groups(elite,international,and national) were studied while race walking on a treadmill at two different speeds(12.0 and 15.5 km/h).Basic gait parameters,the angular displacement of the pelvis and lower limbs,and the variability in continuous relative phase between six different joint couplings were analyzed.Results:Most of the spatio-temporal,kinematic,and coordination variability measures proved sensitive to the change in speed.Conversely,non-linear dynamics measures highlighted differences between athletes of different competition standard when conventional analytical tools were not able to discriminate between different skill levels.Continuous relative phase variability was higher for national level athletes than international and elite in two couplings(pelvis obliquity—hip flex/extension and pelvis rotation—ankle dorsi/plantarflexion) and gait phases(early stance for the first coupling,propulsive phase for the second) that are deemed fundamental for correct technique and performance.Conclusion:Measures of coordination variability showed to be a more sensitive tool for the fine detection of skill-dependent factors in competitive race walking,and showed good potential for being integrated in the assessment and monitoring of sports motor abilities.
基金Supported by the Joint Research Funds of Dalian University of Technology and Shenyang Automation Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘A new kind of region pair grey difference classifier was proposed. The regions in pairs associated to form a feature were not necessarily directly-connected, but were selected dedicatedly to the grey transition between regions coinciding with the face pattern structure. Fifteen brighter and darker region pairs were chosen to form the region pair grey difference features with high discriminant capabilities. Instead of using both false acceptance rate and false rejection rate, the mutual information was used as a unified metric for evaluating the classifying performance. The parameters of specified positions, areas and grey difference bias for each single region pair feature were selected by an optimization processing aiming at maximizing the mutual information between the region pair feature and classifying distribution, respectively. An additional region-based feature depicting the correlation between global region grey intensity patterns was also proposed. Compared with the result of Viola-like approach using over 2 000 features, the proposed approach can achieve similar error rates with only 16 features and 1/6 implementation time on controlled illumination images.
基金Project (No. 2002 AA1Z1140) supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China and the Fork Ying Tong Education Foundation (No. 94031), China
文摘Datapath accounts for a considerable part of power consumption in VLSI circuit design. This paper presents a method for physical implementation of datapath to achieve low power consumption. Regularity is a characteristic of datapath and the key of the proposed method, where synthesis is tightly combined with placement to make full use of regularity, so that low power consumption is achieved. In This paper, a new concept of Synthesis In Relative Placement (SIRP) is given to deal with the semi-regularity in some datapath. Experimental results of a sample circuit validated the proposed method.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20876041, 20736002）, the National Basic Research Program of China （2009CB219902）, the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of China （Grant IRT0721） and the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities （Grant B08021） of China.
文摘Combining Peng-Robinson （PR） equation of state （EoS） with an association model derived from shield-sticky method （SSM） by Liu et al., a new cubic-plus-association （CPA） EoS is proposed to describe the ther-modynamic properties of pure ionic liquids （ILs） and their mixtures. The new molecular parameters for 25 ILs are obtained by fitting the experimental density data over a wide temperature and pressure range, and the overall aver-age deviation is 0.22%. The model parameter b for homologous ILs shows a good linear relationship with their mo-lecular mass, so the number of model parameters is reduced effectively. Using one temperature-independent binary adjustable parameter kij, satisfactory correlations of vapor-liquid equilibria （VLE） for binary mixtures of ILs ＋ non-associating solvents and ＋ associating solvents are obtained with the overall average deviation of vapor pressure 2.91% and 7.01%, respectively. In addition, VLE results for ILs ＋ non-associating mixtures from CPA, lattice-fluid （LF） and square-well chain fluids with variable range （SWCF-VR） EoSs are compared.
