采用事件相关电位(Event-Related Potentials,E R P s)方法研究产品设计与性能的冲突对消费者决策过程的影响。在网络购物环境下,消费者对展示了设计与性能的产品进行购买决策,实验结束后根据设计(高审美吸引力/适中审美吸引力)与性能(...采用事件相关电位(Event-Related Potentials,E R P s)方法研究产品设计与性能的冲突对消费者决策过程的影响。在网络购物环境下,消费者对展示了设计与性能的产品进行购买决策,实验结束后根据设计(高审美吸引力/适中审美吸引力)与性能(高/低)是否一致将产品刺激划分为四种组别:组别1(一致:高审美吸引力设计+高性能)、组别2(冲突:高审美吸引力设计+低性能)、组别3(冲突:适中审美吸引力设计+高性能)和组别4(一致:适中审美吸引力设计+低性能)。研究结果显示,组别2和3会在大脑前额皮层诱发波幅较大的负成分N270波,说明消费者根据产品设计形成的性能期望与实际性能不符,形成了刺激与大脑内源信息的冲突,从神经学角度验证了"消费者认为高审美吸引力的设计意味着高性能"。组别1和2会在大脑顶区皮层诱发波幅较大的正成分P2波,这两个组别产品的确定购买率也较高,表明产品设计的美学对消费者的购买决策有正向影响。性能信息也影响着消费者对产品的审美体验,当产品设计的审美吸引力高时,冲突会降低消费者对产品的审美体验,进而降低产品的确定购买率;而当设计的审美吸引力适中时,冲突会提高消费者对产品的审美体验,进而提高产品的确定购买率。对比具有冲突的两个组别,组别2的产品确定购买率高于组别3,说明存在冲突时,审美体验也正向影响消费者的决策。该发现解释了消费者在网络购物时浏览商品照片和规格参数界面时的神经和心理层面的决策过程。展开更多
档案管理在我国的社会发展中起着举足轻重的作用。在深入分析档案管理的需求和现状的基础上,为了提高档案管理的效率和准确性,采取了一些有效的技术手段和方法。本研究旨在解决档案管理中的抗冲突问题。通过开发高抗冲突射频识别(radio ...档案管理在我国的社会发展中起着举足轻重的作用。在深入分析档案管理的需求和现状的基础上,为了提高档案管理的效率和准确性,采取了一些有效的技术手段和方法。本研究旨在解决档案管理中的抗冲突问题。通过开发高抗冲突射频识别(radio frequency identification, RFID)标签,实现对档案的有效管理和追踪。实验证明,本研究提出的高抗冲突RFID标签在档案管理中具有良好的效果。该研究的结果对于提升档案管理的智能化水平具有重要意义。展开更多
Comparative analyses were conducted to compare the effects of the behavioral characteristics of the drivers of taxis and private cars on the capacity and safety of signalized intersections. Data were collected at sixt...Comparative analyses were conducted to compare the effects of the behavioral characteristics of the drivers of taxis and private cars on the capacity and safety of signalized intersections. Data were collected at sixteen signalized intersections in the Nanjing area in China. The risk-taking behaviors of the drivers of taxis and private cars were compared. The results suggest that 19.9% of taxi drivers have committed at least one of the identified risky behaviors, which is 2.37 times as high as that of the drivers of private cars(8.4%). The traffic conflicts technique was used to estimate the safety effects of taxis and private cars. The overall conflict rate for taxis is 21.4% higher than that for private cars, implying that taxis are more likely to be involved in conflicts. Almost all of the identified traffic conflicts can be attributed to certain levels of risk-taking behaviors committed by either taxi drivers or the drivers of private cars, and taxi drivers are more likely to be at fault in a conflict. Failure to yield to right-of-way and improper lane change is the leading causes of the conflicts in which taxis are at-fault. The research team further studied the effects of taxis on the queue discharge characteristics at signalized intersections. The results show that the presence of taxis significantly reduces both start-up lost time and saturation headways. The effects of taxis on saturation flow rates are dependent on the proportion of taxis in the discharge flow, and the saturation flow rates increase with the increase in the proportion of taxis. The adjustment factors for various proportions of taxis for different turning movements are then calculated to quantitatively evaluate the effects of taxis on the capacity of signalized intersections.展开更多
文摘采用事件相关电位(Event-Related Potentials,E R P s)方法研究产品设计与性能的冲突对消费者决策过程的影响。在网络购物环境下,消费者对展示了设计与性能的产品进行购买决策,实验结束后根据设计(高审美吸引力/适中审美吸引力)与性能(高/低)是否一致将产品刺激划分为四种组别:组别1(一致:高审美吸引力设计+高性能)、组别2(冲突:高审美吸引力设计+低性能)、组别3(冲突:适中审美吸引力设计+高性能)和组别4(一致:适中审美吸引力设计+低性能)。研究结果显示,组别2和3会在大脑前额皮层诱发波幅较大的负成分N270波,说明消费者根据产品设计形成的性能期望与实际性能不符,形成了刺激与大脑内源信息的冲突,从神经学角度验证了"消费者认为高审美吸引力的设计意味着高性能"。组别1和2会在大脑顶区皮层诱发波幅较大的正成分P2波,这两个组别产品的确定购买率也较高,表明产品设计的美学对消费者的购买决策有正向影响。性能信息也影响着消费者对产品的审美体验,当产品设计的审美吸引力高时,冲突会降低消费者对产品的审美体验,进而降低产品的确定购买率;而当设计的审美吸引力适中时,冲突会提高消费者对产品的审美体验,进而提高产品的确定购买率。对比具有冲突的两个组别,组别2的产品确定购买率高于组别3,说明存在冲突时,审美体验也正向影响消费者的决策。该发现解释了消费者在网络购物时浏览商品照片和规格参数界面时的神经和心理层面的决策过程。
文摘档案管理在我国的社会发展中起着举足轻重的作用。在深入分析档案管理的需求和现状的基础上,为了提高档案管理的效率和准确性,采取了一些有效的技术手段和方法。本研究旨在解决档案管理中的抗冲突问题。通过开发高抗冲突射频识别(radio frequency identification, RFID)标签,实现对档案的有效管理和追踪。实验证明,本研究提出的高抗冲突RFID标签在档案管理中具有良好的效果。该研究的结果对于提升档案管理的智能化水平具有重要意义。
基金Projects(51322810,50908050)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Comparative analyses were conducted to compare the effects of the behavioral characteristics of the drivers of taxis and private cars on the capacity and safety of signalized intersections. Data were collected at sixteen signalized intersections in the Nanjing area in China. The risk-taking behaviors of the drivers of taxis and private cars were compared. The results suggest that 19.9% of taxi drivers have committed at least one of the identified risky behaviors, which is 2.37 times as high as that of the drivers of private cars(8.4%). The traffic conflicts technique was used to estimate the safety effects of taxis and private cars. The overall conflict rate for taxis is 21.4% higher than that for private cars, implying that taxis are more likely to be involved in conflicts. Almost all of the identified traffic conflicts can be attributed to certain levels of risk-taking behaviors committed by either taxi drivers or the drivers of private cars, and taxi drivers are more likely to be at fault in a conflict. Failure to yield to right-of-way and improper lane change is the leading causes of the conflicts in which taxis are at-fault. The research team further studied the effects of taxis on the queue discharge characteristics at signalized intersections. The results show that the presence of taxis significantly reduces both start-up lost time and saturation headways. The effects of taxis on saturation flow rates are dependent on the proportion of taxis in the discharge flow, and the saturation flow rates increase with the increase in the proportion of taxis. The adjustment factors for various proportions of taxis for different turning movements are then calculated to quantitatively evaluate the effects of taxis on the capacity of signalized intersections.
