An attempt had been made to isolate and identify the low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa. The dried plants were heat extracted with ethanol and then extracted with petroleum ether. The constituents were...An attempt had been made to isolate and identify the low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa. The dried plants were heat extracted with ethanol and then extracted with petroleum ether. The constituents were isolated and analyzed by GC-MS and then we retrieved them on NIST08 mass spectrometry database to determine their structures. Finally, successful results were achieved, 111 compounds were obtained and identified. 105 of them were reported for the first time in lsodon excisa and 22 of them were first found in natural products. Thus, the main constituents of it were found to be Sitosterol （33.28%）, 3-Amino-4-pyrazolecarbonitrile （9.55%）展开更多
Platichthys stellatus is an economically important marine bony fish species that is cultured in China on a large scale.However,very little is known about its immune-related genes.In this study,the transcriptome of the...Platichthys stellatus is an economically important marine bony fish species that is cultured in China on a large scale.However,very little is known about its immune-related genes.In this study,the transcriptome of the immune organs ofP.stellatus that were intraperitoneally challenged with the pathogen Edwardsiella ictaluri JCM1680 is analyzed.Total RNA from four tissues(spleen,kidney,liver,and intestine) was mixed equally and then sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform.Overall,28 465 813 quality reads were generated and assembled into 43 061 unigenes.Similarity searches against public protein sequence databases were used to annotate 28 291 unigenes(65.7%of the total),368 of which were associated with immunoregulation,including 188 related to immunity response.Additionally,the transcript levels of immunity response unigenes annotated as related to tumor necrosis factor(TNF),TNF receptor,chemokine,major histocompatibility complex,and interleukin-6 were investigated in the different tissues of normal and infected P.stellatus by real-time quantitative PCR.The results confirmed that the unigenes identified in the transcriptome database were indeed expressed and up-regulated in infected P.stellatus.To our knowledge,this is the first report of the sequencing and analysis of the transcriptome of P.stellatus.These findings provide insights into the transcriptomics and immunogenetics of bony fish.展开更多
In his work, was applied crossings between pairs of variables, homogeneity test and technical exhaustive AID （Automatic Interaction Detection） for formation of groups second sample each of the following deficiencies...In his work, was applied crossings between pairs of variables, homogeneity test and technical exhaustive AID （Automatic Interaction Detection） for formation of groups second sample each of the following deficiencies： see, listen, move and intellectual from database obtained from the 2010 Population Census data sample （respondents Complete Questionnaire） formed by 20,635,472 people interviewed all over the country with the objective of studying relationship between different variables such as disability, level of education, gender, income in minimum wages among others.展开更多
Significant amounts of free amino acids exist in commercially sold vegetables and fruits. Despite of the fact, only a little information is available about the free amino acid contents in foods. To utilize information...Significant amounts of free amino acids exist in commercially sold vegetables and fruits. Despite of the fact, only a little information is available about the free amino acid contents in foods. To utilize information of free amino acids in food, we have carried out the experiments to quantitate the free amino acids by derivatized with NBD-F （4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan） and analyzed on reversed-phase UHPLC （ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography） equipped with ultraviolet visible detector. Almost all of food extracts contained free amino acids including GABA （T-amino butyrate）. Contents of free amino acids vary considerably depending upon vegetables and fruits. Principal free amino acids found in vegetables and fruits were asparagine, glutamine, arginine and GABA, which are involved in important metabolic pathways in human. About 140 species of vegetables and fruits were subjected for the data base. All of the plants and fruits we examined exhibit significant amount of free amino acids, those are clearly distinct from data bases obtained after acid hydrolysis treated food samples. Since glutamate and GABA act as excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in CNS, respectively; free amino acids in vegetables and fruits that we eat daily, should be an important source for the cellular metabolic activities.展开更多
The Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is a wide spread common opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide variety of infectious diseases,from benign skin infections to life-threatening diseases such...The Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is a wide spread common opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide variety of infectious diseases,from benign skin infections to life-threatening diseases such as the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)infection.Although emerging evidence suggests that lysine acetylation may play critical roles in bacterial physiology,the atlas of acetylome in S.aureus has not been studied.To comprehensively profile protein lysine acetylation in S.aureus,we used an integrated approach that combined immune affinity peptide enrichment using anti-lysine acetylation antibody,high-pH HPLC fractionation,and HPLC/mass spectrometry analysis.This study led to the identification of 1361 non-redundant acetylation sites on 412 proteins found in a search of S.aureus protein database extracted from the Swiss-Prot database.We further performed bioinformatic analysis to characterize this modification,including gene ontology annotation,protein-protein interaction,and domain analysis of the acetylation sites.We found that the acetylated proteins were enriched in multiple biological pathways,such as ribosomal function and energy metabolism.Our data provides a rich source for functional studies of lysine acetylation in S.aureus.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the material properties of normal and degenerated intervertebral discs （IVDs） and examine the effect of degenerative changes on IVD pathology. Methods： A computer-based online search was...Objective： To investigate the material properties of normal and degenerated intervertebral discs （IVDs） and examine the effect of degenerative changes on IVD pathology. Methods： A computer-based online search was undertaken to identify English articles about material properties of IVDs published from January 1950 to 2011 in PubMed database. The retrieved keywords included material properties, intervertebral disc and degeneration. Based on the principles of reliability, advancement and efficiency, the obtained data were primarily examined, and the original source was retrieved to read the full-text. Repetitive articles were excluded. The data of material properties of normal and degenerated IVDs were summarized and analyzed by meta-analysis. Results： The data of Young＇s modulus, Poisson＇s ratio, shear modulus, hydraulic permeability and intradiscal pres- sure of normal and degenerated 1VDs were obtained. Com- pared with normal IVDs, the Young＇s modulus and shear modulus of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus werehigher in degenerated IVDs, the Poisson＇s ratio was lower while the hydraulic permeability and intradiscal pressure were higher. Besides, the degeneration-related alterations in IVDs had an influence both on itself and other spinal structures, leading to diseases such as bulging disc, discogenic pain and spinal stenosis. Meanwhile, the heavy mechanical loading and injury indicated important pathways to IVD degeneration. Conclusions： To a certain extent, the degenerative changes of IVD influence its material properties. And the degeneration-related alterations of composition can cause structural failure oflVDs, leading to injuries and diseases.展开更多
文摘An attempt had been made to isolate and identify the low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa. The dried plants were heat extracted with ethanol and then extracted with petroleum ether. The constituents were isolated and analyzed by GC-MS and then we retrieved them on NIST08 mass spectrometry database to determine their structures. Finally, successful results were achieved, 111 compounds were obtained and identified. 105 of them were reported for the first time in lsodon excisa and 22 of them were first found in natural products. Thus, the main constituents of it were found to be Sitosterol （33.28%）, 3-Amino-4-pyrazolecarbonitrile （9.55%）
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Nos.2012AA10A413,2012AA10A408)the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project(No.201205025)
文摘Platichthys stellatus is an economically important marine bony fish species that is cultured in China on a large scale.However,very little is known about its immune-related genes.In this study,the transcriptome of the immune organs ofP.stellatus that were intraperitoneally challenged with the pathogen Edwardsiella ictaluri JCM1680 is analyzed.Total RNA from four tissues(spleen,kidney,liver,and intestine) was mixed equally and then sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform.Overall,28 465 813 quality reads were generated and assembled into 43 061 unigenes.Similarity searches against public protein sequence databases were used to annotate 28 291 unigenes(65.7%of the total),368 of which were associated with immunoregulation,including 188 related to immunity response.Additionally,the transcript levels of immunity response unigenes annotated as related to tumor necrosis factor(TNF),TNF receptor,chemokine,major histocompatibility complex,and interleukin-6 were investigated in the different tissues of normal and infected P.stellatus by real-time quantitative PCR.The results confirmed that the unigenes identified in the transcriptome database were indeed expressed and up-regulated in infected P.stellatus.To our knowledge,this is the first report of the sequencing and analysis of the transcriptome of P.stellatus.These findings provide insights into the transcriptomics and immunogenetics of bony fish.
文摘In his work, was applied crossings between pairs of variables, homogeneity test and technical exhaustive AID （Automatic Interaction Detection） for formation of groups second sample each of the following deficiencies： see, listen, move and intellectual from database obtained from the 2010 Population Census data sample （respondents Complete Questionnaire） formed by 20,635,472 people interviewed all over the country with the objective of studying relationship between different variables such as disability, level of education, gender, income in minimum wages among others.
文摘Significant amounts of free amino acids exist in commercially sold vegetables and fruits. Despite of the fact, only a little information is available about the free amino acid contents in foods. To utilize information of free amino acids in food, we have carried out the experiments to quantitate the free amino acids by derivatized with NBD-F （4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan） and analyzed on reversed-phase UHPLC （ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography） equipped with ultraviolet visible detector. Almost all of food extracts contained free amino acids including GABA （T-amino butyrate）. Contents of free amino acids vary considerably depending upon vegetables and fruits. Principal free amino acids found in vegetables and fruits were asparagine, glutamine, arginine and GABA, which are involved in important metabolic pathways in human. About 140 species of vegetables and fruits were subjected for the data base. All of the plants and fruits we examined exhibit significant amount of free amino acids, those are clearly distinct from data bases obtained after acid hydrolysis treated food samples. Since glutamate and GABA act as excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in CNS, respectively; free amino acids in vegetables and fruits that we eat daily, should be an important source for the cellular metabolic activities.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2012ZX09301001-007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370814)+1 种基金the Shanghai Pujiang Program(13PJ1410300)the support of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2013M531236,2013M541567)
文摘The Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is a wide spread common opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide variety of infectious diseases,from benign skin infections to life-threatening diseases such as the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)infection.Although emerging evidence suggests that lysine acetylation may play critical roles in bacterial physiology,the atlas of acetylome in S.aureus has not been studied.To comprehensively profile protein lysine acetylation in S.aureus,we used an integrated approach that combined immune affinity peptide enrichment using anti-lysine acetylation antibody,high-pH HPLC fractionation,and HPLC/mass spectrometry analysis.This study led to the identification of 1361 non-redundant acetylation sites on 412 proteins found in a search of S.aureus protein database extracted from the Swiss-Prot database.We further performed bioinformatic analysis to characterize this modification,including gene ontology annotation,protein-protein interaction,and domain analysis of the acetylation sites.We found that the acetylated proteins were enriched in multiple biological pathways,such as ribosomal function and energy metabolism.Our data provides a rich source for functional studies of lysine acetylation in S.aureus.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30928005）, the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China （No. CSTC2009BB5013）, the Third Military Medical University Research Foundation of China （No. 2009XHG16）, and the Graduate Student＇s Scientific Research Innovation Foundation of Chinese Government （No. CDJXS11121145）.
文摘Objective： To investigate the material properties of normal and degenerated intervertebral discs （IVDs） and examine the effect of degenerative changes on IVD pathology. Methods： A computer-based online search was undertaken to identify English articles about material properties of IVDs published from January 1950 to 2011 in PubMed database. The retrieved keywords included material properties, intervertebral disc and degeneration. Based on the principles of reliability, advancement and efficiency, the obtained data were primarily examined, and the original source was retrieved to read the full-text. Repetitive articles were excluded. The data of material properties of normal and degenerated IVDs were summarized and analyzed by meta-analysis. Results： The data of Young＇s modulus, Poisson＇s ratio, shear modulus, hydraulic permeability and intradiscal pres- sure of normal and degenerated 1VDs were obtained. Com- pared with normal IVDs, the Young＇s modulus and shear modulus of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus werehigher in degenerated IVDs, the Poisson＇s ratio was lower while the hydraulic permeability and intradiscal pressure were higher. Besides, the degeneration-related alterations in IVDs had an influence both on itself and other spinal structures, leading to diseases such as bulging disc, discogenic pain and spinal stenosis. Meanwhile, the heavy mechanical loading and injury indicated important pathways to IVD degeneration. Conclusions： To a certain extent, the degenerative changes of IVD influence its material properties. And the degeneration-related alterations of composition can cause structural failure oflVDs, leading to injuries and diseases.
