目的评估术前胸部HRCT的实性影/占位总径比率(CTR)在肺部多发磨玻璃影(GGO)手术病人的预测价值。方法 N0期肺癌手术切除病人91例,以CTR=0.5为截值,将病人分为GGO组和实性结节组,比较两组病人的临床和病理特征以及2年无复发生存率(RFS)...目的评估术前胸部HRCT的实性影/占位总径比率(CTR)在肺部多发磨玻璃影(GGO)手术病人的预测价值。方法 N0期肺癌手术切除病人91例,以CTR=0.5为截值,将病人分为GGO组和实性结节组,比较两组病人的临床和病理特征以及2年无复发生存率(RFS)的差异。结果 91例病人中,共35例(38.5%)病人影像学表现为多发GGO结节。GGO组最大肿瘤直径小于实性结节组(10.2 mm vs 21.6 mm),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。COX多因素回归分析显示,肿瘤直径≥20 mm和结节类型为实性(CTR≥0.5)的结节是RFS的独立预测因子。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示GGO组病人的RFS为91.4%,而实性结节组的RFS为75.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HRCT显示的CTR值是多发性GGO病人随访和治疗的参考指标之一,CTR值>0.5时外科干预更有价值。展开更多
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to detect the optimal dietary protein and energy, as well as the ef fects of protein to energy ratio on growth, for the rare minnow( Gobiocypris rarus), which are critical to nutr...An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to detect the optimal dietary protein and energy, as well as the ef fects of protein to energy ratio on growth, for the rare minnow( Gobiocypris rarus), which are critical to nutrition standardization for model fi sh. Twenty-four diets were formulated to contain three gross energy(10, 12.5, 15 kJ/g), four protein(20%, 25%, 30%, 35%), and two lipid levels(3%, 6%). The results showed that optimal dietary E/P was 41.7–50 kJ/g for maximum growth in juvenile rare minnows at 6% dietary crude lipid. At 3% dietary lipid, specifi c growth rate(SGR) increased markedly when E/P decreased from 62.5 kJ/g to 35.7 kJ/g and gross energy was 12.5 kJ/g, and from 75 kJ/g to 42.9 kJ/g when gross energy was 15.0 kJ/g. The optimal gross energy was estimated at 12.5 kJ /g and excess energy decreased food intake and growth. Dietary lipid exhibited an apparent protein-sparing eff ect. Optimal protein decreased from 35% to 25%–30% with an increase in dietary lipid from 3% to 6% without adversely ef fecting growth. Dietary lipid level af fects the optimal dietary E/P ratio. In conclusion, recommended dietary protein and energy for rare minnow are 20%–35% and 10–12.5 k J/g, respectively.展开更多
Aims Alpine forest gaps can control understory ecosystem processes by manipulating hydrothermal dynamics.Here,we aimed to test the role of alpine forest gap disturbance on total phenol loss(TPL)from the decomposing li...Aims Alpine forest gaps can control understory ecosystem processes by manipulating hydrothermal dynamics.Here,we aimed to test the role of alpine forest gap disturbance on total phenol loss(TPL)from the decomposing litter of two typical shrub species(willow,Salix paraplesia Schneid.,and bamboo,Fargesia nitida(Mitford)Keng f.).Methods We conducted a field litterbag experiment within a representative fir(Abies faxoniana Rehd.)forest based on‘gap openness treatments’(plot positions in the gap included the gap center south,gap center north,canopy edge,expanded edge and closed canopy).The TPL rate and litter surface microbial abundance(fungi and bacteria)of the two shrub species were measured during the following periods over 2 years:snow formation(SF),snow cover(SC),snow melting(ST),the early growing season(EG)and the late growing season(LG).Important Findings At the end of the study,we found that snow cover depth,freeze–thaw cycle frequency and the fungal copies g−1 to bacterial copies g−1 ratio had significant effects on litter TPL.The abundances of fungi and bacteria decreased from the gap center to the closed canopy during the SF,SC,ST and LG periods and showed the opposite trend during the EG periods.The rate of TPL among plot positions closely followed the same trend as microbial abundance during the first year of incubation.In addition,both species had higher rates of TPL in the gap center than at other positions during the first winter,first year and entire 2-year period.These findings suggest that alpine forest gap formation accelerates litter TPL,although litter TPL exhibits dual responses to gap disturbance during specific critical periods.In conclusion,reduced snow cover depth and duration during winter warming under projected climate change scenarios or as gaps vanish may slow litter TPL in alpine biomes.展开更多
文摘目的评估术前胸部HRCT的实性影/占位总径比率(CTR)在肺部多发磨玻璃影(GGO)手术病人的预测价值。方法 N0期肺癌手术切除病人91例,以CTR=0.5为截值,将病人分为GGO组和实性结节组,比较两组病人的临床和病理特征以及2年无复发生存率(RFS)的差异。结果 91例病人中,共35例(38.5%)病人影像学表现为多发GGO结节。GGO组最大肿瘤直径小于实性结节组(10.2 mm vs 21.6 mm),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。COX多因素回归分析显示,肿瘤直径≥20 mm和结节类型为实性(CTR≥0.5)的结节是RFS的独立预测因子。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示GGO组病人的RFS为91.4%,而实性结节组的RFS为75.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HRCT显示的CTR值是多发性GGO病人随访和治疗的参考指标之一,CTR值>0.5时外科干预更有价值。
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2011BAI15B01-41)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2012AA06A302)
文摘An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to detect the optimal dietary protein and energy, as well as the ef fects of protein to energy ratio on growth, for the rare minnow( Gobiocypris rarus), which are critical to nutrition standardization for model fi sh. Twenty-four diets were formulated to contain three gross energy(10, 12.5, 15 kJ/g), four protein(20%, 25%, 30%, 35%), and two lipid levels(3%, 6%). The results showed that optimal dietary E/P was 41.7–50 kJ/g for maximum growth in juvenile rare minnows at 6% dietary crude lipid. At 3% dietary lipid, specifi c growth rate(SGR) increased markedly when E/P decreased from 62.5 kJ/g to 35.7 kJ/g and gross energy was 12.5 kJ/g, and from 75 kJ/g to 42.9 kJ/g when gross energy was 15.0 kJ/g. The optimal gross energy was estimated at 12.5 kJ /g and excess energy decreased food intake and growth. Dietary lipid exhibited an apparent protein-sparing eff ect. Optimal protein decreased from 35% to 25%–30% with an increase in dietary lipid from 3% to 6% without adversely ef fecting growth. Dietary lipid level af fects the optimal dietary E/P ratio. In conclusion, recommended dietary protein and energy for rare minnow are 20%–35% and 10–12.5 k J/g, respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.31570445 and 31800518).
文摘Aims Alpine forest gaps can control understory ecosystem processes by manipulating hydrothermal dynamics.Here,we aimed to test the role of alpine forest gap disturbance on total phenol loss(TPL)from the decomposing litter of two typical shrub species(willow,Salix paraplesia Schneid.,and bamboo,Fargesia nitida(Mitford)Keng f.).Methods We conducted a field litterbag experiment within a representative fir(Abies faxoniana Rehd.)forest based on‘gap openness treatments’(plot positions in the gap included the gap center south,gap center north,canopy edge,expanded edge and closed canopy).The TPL rate and litter surface microbial abundance(fungi and bacteria)of the two shrub species were measured during the following periods over 2 years:snow formation(SF),snow cover(SC),snow melting(ST),the early growing season(EG)and the late growing season(LG).Important Findings At the end of the study,we found that snow cover depth,freeze–thaw cycle frequency and the fungal copies g−1 to bacterial copies g−1 ratio had significant effects on litter TPL.The abundances of fungi and bacteria decreased from the gap center to the closed canopy during the SF,SC,ST and LG periods and showed the opposite trend during the EG periods.The rate of TPL among plot positions closely followed the same trend as microbial abundance during the first year of incubation.In addition,both species had higher rates of TPL in the gap center than at other positions during the first winter,first year and entire 2-year period.These findings suggest that alpine forest gap formation accelerates litter TPL,although litter TPL exhibits dual responses to gap disturbance during specific critical periods.In conclusion,reduced snow cover depth and duration during winter warming under projected climate change scenarios or as gaps vanish may slow litter TPL in alpine biomes.
