有风条件下火灾自然排烟的临界失效风速分析

采用双区模拟思想对有风条件下室内火灾自然补气、自然排烟过程进行分析。引入"总风压系数"和"临界失效风速"的概念,并将其作为评价外界环境风对自然排烟过程影响程度的判定参数。总风压系数非负时,外界风的存在将提高自然排烟的效果;总风压系数为负时,外界风的存在将降低自然排烟的效果,甚至使自然排烟失效。通过对排烟口内外压差以及气体流动进行分析,发现临界失效风速正比于总风压系数绝对值的-1/2次幂,并给出了不同条件下自然排烟临界失效风速的计算方法。实际采用自然排烟方式进行火灾排烟时,应尽量避免出现总风压系数为负的情形,以防止自然排烟的失效。

有风条件下自然排烟准稳态的双区模型分析

采用双区模拟思想对有风条件下自然补气、自然排烟过程准稳态进行了分析.定义了"总风压系数"用以评价外界环境风对自然排烟过程的影响程度,并对不同条件下的自然排烟准稳态进行了计算讨论,给出了不同总风压系数下自然排烟临界失效风速的计算表达式.结果表明:总风压系数非负时,外界风的存在提高了自然排烟的效率,其影响程度与风速、火源功率、排烟口面积有关;总风压系数为负时,外界风的存在降低了自然排烟的效率,但只要外界风速不超过临界失效风速,自然排烟就是有效的,其准稳态时的烟层界面高度要低于无风时的烟层界面高度.因此,在启动建筑自然排烟系统时,应对补气口、排烟口位置进行选择,尽量使总风压系数为正,以提高排烟效率.

Influence of Tip Clearance on Performance of a Contra-Rotating Fan

Influences of tip clearance on the tip flow and associated loss mechanism in a contra-rotating axial flow fan hasbeen studied in the paper, based on three dimensional numerical results. The results with different tip clearanceare compared in terms of stage efficiency, relative total pressure loss coefficient, flow angle. It is found that theefficiency of the contra-rotating fan changes almost linearly with increment of the tip clearance, however, efficiencyof the rear rotor is observed to decrease more dramatically than that of the forward rotor given same tipclearance variation. The analysis on the flow structure indicates that the tip region flow field is qualitatively similarin both rotors. However, with the same clearance value, the leakage flow in the rear rotor is effected by a tipleakage vortex of greater intensity caused by relative loading levels and the inter rotor interaction.