The hemodynamic consequences of atrial fibrillation (AF) may lead to impairme nt of the left ventricular function and a reduction in exercise capacity. Studie s on mechanical and neurohormonal remodelling in patients ...The hemodynamic consequences of atrial fibrillation (AF) may lead to impairme nt of the left ventricular function and a reduction in exercise capacity. Studie s on mechanical and neurohormonal remodelling in patients with AF are becoming i ncreasingly important. The results could possibly enhance treatment strategies o f these patients. The aim of this study was to assess changes in exercise capaci ty, echocardiographic findings and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) concen trations in patients with non rheumatic persistent AF, before and 30 days after successful cardioversion. Methods: We attempted cardioversion in 42 consecutive patients, aged 58±8 years, with persistent non valvular AF of duration 7.1±7 .1 months. They underwent echocardiography examination and submaximal exercise t esting 24 h before and 30 days after cardioversion. Exercise capacity was determ ined during symptom limited exercise testing, according to a modified Bruce pro tocol with peak VO2 analysis. Plasma samples of ANP were obtained at rest: befor e, the day after, and 30 days after cardioversion therapy, and were prepared by refrigerated centrifugation and stored until radioimmunoassay. The control study group, without AF, comprised of 11 subjects. Results: Cardioversion was success ful in 35 patients. However, in six of the 35 patients, AF reappeared within 1 m onth. There were no statistical differences before cardioversion in exercise tol erance and ejection fraction of left ventricle between the group with successful cardioversion and the group with unsuccessful cardioversion or with recurrence of AF. On the 30th day after cardioversion we recorded a significant increase in exercise tolerance: duration of exercise 13.7±3.2 versus 9.5±3.4 min, (P< 0.0 5); peak oxygen consumption 32.2±3.6 versus 19.85±3.5 ml/min per kg, (P< 0.05) ; and ejection fraction of left ventricle 58.6±9.4 versus 52.7±10.2%(P< 0.05) ; in the sinus rhythm group. There was no significant improvement observed in th e AF group. The mean baseline ANP level was 58.5±15.7 pg/ml in the study group and 34.3±10.2 pg/ml in the control group (P< 0.01). The successful therapy redu ced significantly the pretreatment mean plasma ANP concentration from 58.5±15.7 to 31.4±15.0 pg/ml, (P< 0.01); the day after cardioversion, in the group of 35 patients. It remained stable for the next 30 days(36.9±15.2 pg/ml) in the grou p of 29 patients who remained in sinus rhythm, and increased to 53.4±16.4 pg/ml in the group of six patients who had recurrence of AF. Plasma ANP did not chang e in the group of seven patients with unsuccessful cardioversion. Conclusions: T he restoration of sinus rhythm in patients with persistent AF was associated wit h a significant improvement in cardiac performance and exercise tolerance 1 mont h after cardioversion. Such improvement was not observed in the group with unsuc cessful cardioversion or with AF recurrence. The plasma ANP concentration in pat ients with AF was significantly reduced after successful cardioversion and remai ned stable for a period of 30 days.展开更多
Background: Brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) levels have been reported to fall following cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF). The mechanism for the fall in BNP has not been elucidated and the potential confounding...Background: Brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) levels have been reported to fall following cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF). The mechanism for the fall in BNP has not been elucidated and the potential confounding effects of sedation have not been investigated. Sedation may alter BNP levels via its effects on loading conditions. Accordingly,we studied whether BNP levels change shortly after cardioversion and attempted to control for possible effects of sedation. Methods: BNP levels were obtained before and after cardioversion in patients with AF and in a control group of patients undergoing intravenous conscious sedation for transesophageal echocardiography. Results: BNP levels dropped (260±255 vs. 190±212 pg/ml, p< 0.05) 40 min after cardioversion, decreasing in 33 of 41 subjects who achieved sinus rhythm. By contrast, mean BNP did not fall in subjects in whom cardioversion was not successful. The change in BNP level was not related to the degree of change in heart rate. No control subject experienced a change in cardiac rhythm; BNP levels increased (195±407 vs. 238±458 pg/ml, p< 0.05) in 18/22 subjects after sedation. Baseline BNP levels were elevated in subjectswithAF, andBNP levelswere elevated in parallelwith heart failure symptoms. Conclusions: The rapid fall in BNP after cardioversion (1) may reflect prompt hemodynamic improvement associatedwith rhythmchange and (2) does not appear to be due to the effects of sedation.展开更多
文摘The hemodynamic consequences of atrial fibrillation (AF) may lead to impairme nt of the left ventricular function and a reduction in exercise capacity. Studie s on mechanical and neurohormonal remodelling in patients with AF are becoming i ncreasingly important. The results could possibly enhance treatment strategies o f these patients. The aim of this study was to assess changes in exercise capaci ty, echocardiographic findings and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) concen trations in patients with non rheumatic persistent AF, before and 30 days after successful cardioversion. Methods: We attempted cardioversion in 42 consecutive patients, aged 58±8 years, with persistent non valvular AF of duration 7.1±7 .1 months. They underwent echocardiography examination and submaximal exercise t esting 24 h before and 30 days after cardioversion. Exercise capacity was determ ined during symptom limited exercise testing, according to a modified Bruce pro tocol with peak VO2 analysis. Plasma samples of ANP were obtained at rest: befor e, the day after, and 30 days after cardioversion therapy, and were prepared by refrigerated centrifugation and stored until radioimmunoassay. The control study group, without AF, comprised of 11 subjects. Results: Cardioversion was success ful in 35 patients. However, in six of the 35 patients, AF reappeared within 1 m onth. There were no statistical differences before cardioversion in exercise tol erance and ejection fraction of left ventricle between the group with successful cardioversion and the group with unsuccessful cardioversion or with recurrence of AF. On the 30th day after cardioversion we recorded a significant increase in exercise tolerance: duration of exercise 13.7±3.2 versus 9.5±3.4 min, (P< 0.0 5); peak oxygen consumption 32.2±3.6 versus 19.85±3.5 ml/min per kg, (P< 0.05) ; and ejection fraction of left ventricle 58.6±9.4 versus 52.7±10.2%(P< 0.05) ; in the sinus rhythm group. There was no significant improvement observed in th e AF group. The mean baseline ANP level was 58.5±15.7 pg/ml in the study group and 34.3±10.2 pg/ml in the control group (P< 0.01). The successful therapy redu ced significantly the pretreatment mean plasma ANP concentration from 58.5±15.7 to 31.4±15.0 pg/ml, (P< 0.01); the day after cardioversion, in the group of 35 patients. It remained stable for the next 30 days(36.9±15.2 pg/ml) in the grou p of 29 patients who remained in sinus rhythm, and increased to 53.4±16.4 pg/ml in the group of six patients who had recurrence of AF. Plasma ANP did not chang e in the group of seven patients with unsuccessful cardioversion. Conclusions: T he restoration of sinus rhythm in patients with persistent AF was associated wit h a significant improvement in cardiac performance and exercise tolerance 1 mont h after cardioversion. Such improvement was not observed in the group with unsuc cessful cardioversion or with AF recurrence. The plasma ANP concentration in pat ients with AF was significantly reduced after successful cardioversion and remai ned stable for a period of 30 days.
文摘Background: Brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) levels have been reported to fall following cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF). The mechanism for the fall in BNP has not been elucidated and the potential confounding effects of sedation have not been investigated. Sedation may alter BNP levels via its effects on loading conditions. Accordingly,we studied whether BNP levels change shortly after cardioversion and attempted to control for possible effects of sedation. Methods: BNP levels were obtained before and after cardioversion in patients with AF and in a control group of patients undergoing intravenous conscious sedation for transesophageal echocardiography. Results: BNP levels dropped (260±255 vs. 190±212 pg/ml, p< 0.05) 40 min after cardioversion, decreasing in 33 of 41 subjects who achieved sinus rhythm. By contrast, mean BNP did not fall in subjects in whom cardioversion was not successful. The change in BNP level was not related to the degree of change in heart rate. No control subject experienced a change in cardiac rhythm; BNP levels increased (195±407 vs. 238±458 pg/ml, p< 0.05) in 18/22 subjects after sedation. Baseline BNP levels were elevated in subjectswithAF, andBNP levelswere elevated in parallelwith heart failure symptoms. Conclusions: The rapid fall in BNP after cardioversion (1) may reflect prompt hemodynamic improvement associatedwith rhythmchange and (2) does not appear to be due to the effects of sedation.
