目的研究高尿酸血症对血压水平及高血压患病率的影响。方法对体检检出5 058例高尿酸血症及性别相同、年龄相同或相近的5058例非高尿酸血症进行分析,探讨其对血压水平、高血压患病率的影响及与多种心血管危险因素的关系。结果高尿酸血症...目的研究高尿酸血症对血压水平及高血压患病率的影响。方法对体检检出5 058例高尿酸血症及性别相同、年龄相同或相近的5058例非高尿酸血症进行分析,探讨其对血压水平、高血压患病率的影响及与多种心血管危险因素的关系。结果高尿酸血症组收缩压、舒张压分别较对照组升高4 mm Hg和3 mm Hg,高血压患病率为41.9%（95%C I：40.5%-43.3%）,显著高于对照组31.3%（95%C I：30.0%-32.6%）,差异有统计学意义。高尿酸血症组肥胖、高胆固醇血症及高三酰甘油血症患病率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。高尿酸血症、男性、年龄增长、肥胖、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症和高三酰甘油血症是高血压的独立危险因素。结论高尿酸血症与较高的血压水平有关,可能是高血压患病率增加的独立危险因素。展开更多
Background: The aim of the SMOOTH(San Marino Observational Outlooking Trial on Hypertension) study was to explore hypertension awareness, treatment and control and the associated metabolic abnormalities and risk facto...Background: The aim of the SMOOTH(San Marino Observational Outlooking Trial on Hypertension) study was to explore hypertension awareness, treatment and control and the associated metabolic abnormalities and risk factors in the population of San Marino, a small state in the Mediterranean area, for which limited evidence is available. Methods: Nine general practitioners enrolled 4590 consecutive subjects(44%of the SanMarino population age 40-75 years), seen in their office by collecting history, physical and laboratory data and office blood pressure(BP) measurements. Results: Of these subjects, 2446 were normotensive and 2144 hypertensive; 62.3%of hypertensive patients were aware of their condition, 58.6%were treated(monotherapy 31.5%, combination therapy 27.1%), and 21.7%were controlled. Hypertension awareness and treatment were more frequent above age 50 and in females; BP control was similarly low in both genders. As compared to normotensives, hypertensive subjects were less frequently smokers(20.1 versus 27.8%), had greater body mass index(28.1±4.5 versus 25.8±3.7 g/m2), and a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus(15.8 versus 6.3%), lower high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol and higher prevalence of increased blood total cholesterol(66.1 versus 51.3%), triglycerides and serum uric acid. Values of subjects with ’high-normal’blood pressure were closer to those of hypertensive subjects. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects,and in treated than in untreated hypertensives. Conclusions: Even in a small Mediterranean country with high health-care standards, hypertension awareness, treatment and control are inadequate and hypertension clusters with metabolic abnormalities and risk factors as in non-Mediterranean areas.展开更多
Objective: To assess trends in blood pressure (BP) levels, prevalence, awareness , and control of hypertension in the Czech population from 1985 to 2000/01. Desi gn: Five independent cross sectional population surveys...Objective: To assess trends in blood pressure (BP) levels, prevalence, awareness , and control of hypertension in the Czech population from 1985 to 2000/01. Desi gn: Five independent cross sectional population surveys conducted in 1985, 1988 , 1992, 1997/98, and 2000/01. Setting: Six, mostly rural, districts of the Czech Republic (Praha vchod, Beneov, Pardubice, Chrudim, Cheb, and Hradec). Part icipants: Men and women aged 25-64 years randomly selected from six districts u sing the National Population Register/General Health Insurance Company Register (covering, by law, all citizens). The total number of participants was 11 726. M ain outcome measures: We assessed the mean systolic BP, diastolic BP and pulse p ressure, prevalence of hypertension (systolic BP≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP≥ 90 mmHg, or current treatment with antihypertensive drugs), awareness, treatment , and control of hypertension. Results: Mean systolic BP, diastolic BP, and puls e pressure decreased significantly over a period of 15/16 years. This was associ ated with a significant decrease in the prevalence of hypertension (from 47.1 to 39.1%, P< 0.001) and with an increase in its awareness (from 49.5 to 67.2%, P < 0.001), use of antihypertensive medication (from 29.3 to 49.3%, P< 0.001), an d hypertension control (from 3.9 to 17.0%, P< 0.001). Despite having lower BP v alues and prevalence of hypertension, females showed higher awareness of the dis ease, and were more frequently taking antihypertensive medication, and their hyp ertension was better controlled. Conclusion: The reduction in population BP and improved control of hypertension may have contributed to the decrease in cerebro vascular and coronary heart disease mortality in the Czech Republic. The positiv e longitudinal changes seen in the MONICA regions need not necessarily reflect t he situation in the country as a whole. The situation is far from being optimal; a major problem is inadequate treatment of hypertension.展开更多
糖尿病高血压病(diabetes mellitus with hypertension,DMH)是糖尿病最常见的并发症,发病率高,并发症多,危害性大[1-2]。据报道,国外糖尿病高血压患病率为40%~80%[3],国内为59.9%[4]。糖尿病与高血压相互影响,共同对大小血管造成损伤[5]...糖尿病高血压病(diabetes mellitus with hypertension,DMH)是糖尿病最常见的并发症,发病率高,并发症多,危害性大[1-2]。据报道,国外糖尿病高血压患病率为40%~80%[3],国内为59.9%[4]。糖尿病与高血压相互影响,共同对大小血管造成损伤[5],成为动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、心力衰竭、脑血管并发症的强危险因素,既加重心脑血管事件的发病率,又加速视网膜病变以及肾脏病变的发生和发展,使糖尿病患者致残和死亡风险增加7.2倍,给国家和家庭造成沉重负担[6]。早筛查、早发现、早治疗DMH,可极大降低糖尿病患者心脑肾等血管并发症的发生率和死亡率[7]。展开更多
文摘目的研究高尿酸血症对血压水平及高血压患病率的影响。方法对体检检出5 058例高尿酸血症及性别相同、年龄相同或相近的5058例非高尿酸血症进行分析,探讨其对血压水平、高血压患病率的影响及与多种心血管危险因素的关系。结果高尿酸血症组收缩压、舒张压分别较对照组升高4 mm Hg和3 mm Hg,高血压患病率为41.9%（95%C I：40.5%-43.3%）,显著高于对照组31.3%（95%C I：30.0%-32.6%）,差异有统计学意义。高尿酸血症组肥胖、高胆固醇血症及高三酰甘油血症患病率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。高尿酸血症、男性、年龄增长、肥胖、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症和高三酰甘油血症是高血压的独立危险因素。结论高尿酸血症与较高的血压水平有关,可能是高血压患病率增加的独立危险因素。
文摘Background: The aim of the SMOOTH(San Marino Observational Outlooking Trial on Hypertension) study was to explore hypertension awareness, treatment and control and the associated metabolic abnormalities and risk factors in the population of San Marino, a small state in the Mediterranean area, for which limited evidence is available. Methods: Nine general practitioners enrolled 4590 consecutive subjects(44%of the SanMarino population age 40-75 years), seen in their office by collecting history, physical and laboratory data and office blood pressure(BP) measurements. Results: Of these subjects, 2446 were normotensive and 2144 hypertensive; 62.3%of hypertensive patients were aware of their condition, 58.6%were treated(monotherapy 31.5%, combination therapy 27.1%), and 21.7%were controlled. Hypertension awareness and treatment were more frequent above age 50 and in females; BP control was similarly low in both genders. As compared to normotensives, hypertensive subjects were less frequently smokers(20.1 versus 27.8%), had greater body mass index(28.1±4.5 versus 25.8±3.7 g/m2), and a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus(15.8 versus 6.3%), lower high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol and higher prevalence of increased blood total cholesterol(66.1 versus 51.3%), triglycerides and serum uric acid. Values of subjects with ’high-normal’blood pressure were closer to those of hypertensive subjects. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects,and in treated than in untreated hypertensives. Conclusions: Even in a small Mediterranean country with high health-care standards, hypertension awareness, treatment and control are inadequate and hypertension clusters with metabolic abnormalities and risk factors as in non-Mediterranean areas.
文摘Objective: To assess trends in blood pressure (BP) levels, prevalence, awareness , and control of hypertension in the Czech population from 1985 to 2000/01. Desi gn: Five independent cross sectional population surveys conducted in 1985, 1988 , 1992, 1997/98, and 2000/01. Setting: Six, mostly rural, districts of the Czech Republic (Praha vchod, Beneov, Pardubice, Chrudim, Cheb, and Hradec). Part icipants: Men and women aged 25-64 years randomly selected from six districts u sing the National Population Register/General Health Insurance Company Register (covering, by law, all citizens). The total number of participants was 11 726. M ain outcome measures: We assessed the mean systolic BP, diastolic BP and pulse p ressure, prevalence of hypertension (systolic BP≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP≥ 90 mmHg, or current treatment with antihypertensive drugs), awareness, treatment , and control of hypertension. Results: Mean systolic BP, diastolic BP, and puls e pressure decreased significantly over a period of 15/16 years. This was associ ated with a significant decrease in the prevalence of hypertension (from 47.1 to 39.1%, P< 0.001) and with an increase in its awareness (from 49.5 to 67.2%, P < 0.001), use of antihypertensive medication (from 29.3 to 49.3%, P< 0.001), an d hypertension control (from 3.9 to 17.0%, P< 0.001). Despite having lower BP v alues and prevalence of hypertension, females showed higher awareness of the dis ease, and were more frequently taking antihypertensive medication, and their hyp ertension was better controlled. Conclusion: The reduction in population BP and improved control of hypertension may have contributed to the decrease in cerebro vascular and coronary heart disease mortality in the Czech Republic. The positiv e longitudinal changes seen in the MONICA regions need not necessarily reflect t he situation in the country as a whole. The situation is far from being optimal; a major problem is inadequate treatment of hypertension.
文摘糖尿病高血压病(diabetes mellitus with hypertension,DMH)是糖尿病最常见的并发症,发病率高,并发症多,危害性大[1-2]。据报道,国外糖尿病高血压患病率为40%~80%[3],国内为59.9%[4]。糖尿病与高血压相互影响,共同对大小血管造成损伤[5],成为动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、心力衰竭、脑血管并发症的强危险因素,既加重心脑血管事件的发病率,又加速视网膜病变以及肾脏病变的发生和发展,使糖尿病患者致残和死亡风险增加7.2倍,给国家和家庭造成沉重负担[6]。早筛查、早发现、早治疗DMH,可极大降低糖尿病患者心脑肾等血管并发症的发生率和死亡率[7]。
