Objective To study the association between the epidermal growth factor(EGF) gene and intelligence in patients with major depression.Methods Intelligence measurement using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS) was pe...Objective To study the association between the epidermal growth factor(EGF) gene and intelligence in patients with major depression.Methods Intelligence measurement using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS) was perfor-med on 120 unrelated patients with major depression and 46 control subjects.Blood was collected from all subjects for extraction of genomic DNA.Four single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the EGF gene were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).Results Mean scores of both score lang and score task,two subtests in WAIS,differed significantly between major depression patients and controls(P<0.0001).Quantitative trait analysis showed that the genetype of rs2250724 was closely associated with score lang and score task in major depression patients.The associations were still significant after 10 000 permutations.Conclusions Although preliminary,our results provide evidence for association between the EGF gene and intelligence in patients with major depression.Genetic variation in the EGF gene may increase the susceptibility of major depression.展开更多
Objective To identify the possible association between C（-106）T polymorphism of the aldose reductase （ALR） gene and diabetic retinopathy （DR） in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM...Objective To identify the possible association between C（-106）T polymorphism of the aldose reductase （ALR） gene and diabetic retinopathy （DR） in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Methods From November 2009 to September 2010, patients with T2DM were recruited and assigned to DR group or diabetic without retinopathy （DWR） group according to the duration of diabetes and the grading of 7-field fundus color photographs of both eyes. Genotypes of the C（-106）T polymorphism （rs759853） in ALR gene were analyzed using the MassARRAY genotyping system and an association study was performed. Results A total of 268 T2DM patients （129 in the DR group and 139 in the DWR group） were included in this study. No statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the age of diabetes onset （P=0.10） and gender （P=0.78）. The success rate of genotyping for the study subjects was 99.6% （267/268）, with one case of failure in the DR group. The frequencies of the T allele in the C（-106）T polymorphism were 16.0% （41/256） in the DR group and 19.4% （54/278） in the DWR group （P=0.36）. There was no signit^cant difference in the C（-106）T genotypes between the 2 groups （P=0.40）. Compared with the wild-type genotype, odds ratio （OR） for the risk of DR was 0.7 （95% CI, 0.38-1.3） for the heterozygous CT genotype and 0.76 （95% CI, 0.18-3.25） for the homozygous TT genotype. The risk of DR was positively associated with microalbuminuria （OR=4.61; 95% CI, 2.34-9.05） and insulin therapy （OR=3.43; 95% CI, 1.94-6.09）. Conclusions Microalbuminuria and insulin therapy are associated with the risk of DR in Chinese patients with T2DM. C（-106）T polymorphism of the ALR gene may not be significantly associated with DR in Chinese patients with T2DM.展开更多
AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian patients.METHODS:Sixty-four patients with c...AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian patients.METHODS:Sixty-four patients with chronic hepatitis,65 with liver cirrhosis and 50 with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this study.HBeAg and hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb) tests were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mutations were analyzed by sequencing.Viral load was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:Of 179 patients,108 (60.3%) were HBeAg(-) and 86 (79.6%) of these HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was not found in HBeAg(+) patients,however,this mutation was detected in 70.7% of HBeAg(-) patients.This mutation was frequently found when HBeAg was not expressed (87.7%),compared to that found in HBeAg seroconverted patients (65.1%).The A1899 mutation was also more prevalent in HBeAg(-) than in HBeAg(+) patients (P=0.004).The T1762/A1764 mutation was frequently found in both HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(-) patients,however,the prevalence of this mutation did not significantly differ among the two groups (P=0.054).In HBeAg(+) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation was correlated with lower HBV DNA (P < 0.001).The A1899 mutation did not correlate with HBV DNA (P=0.609).In HBeAg(-) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation alone was not correlated with HBV DNA (P=0.095),however,the presence of either the T1762/A1764 or A1896 mutations was associated with increased HBV DNA (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The percentage of HBeAg(-) patients is high in Indonesia,and most of the HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was most likely the major cause of HBeAg loss.The T1762/A1764 mutation alone was associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg(+) patients,but not in HBeAg(-) patients.展开更多
Objective:In China over the past decade,psychosocial oncology has emerged as a new program. Development of this program requires attention to current opportunities,obstacles and cultural concerns. Methods: A selected ...Objective:In China over the past decade,psychosocial oncology has emerged as a new program. Development of this program requires attention to current opportunities,obstacles and cultural concerns. Methods: A selected literature review of academic papers in Chinese and English language journals and web sites was analyzed for themes regarding the current status,challenges,and opportunities for psychosocial oncology in China. Results: China’s national cancer strategy (2004-2010),based on WHO guidelines,is focused on cancer prevention and treatment,as well as quality of life among cancer patients and their families. The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association is now funding research,training and international collaboration in psychosocial oncology. The newly organized Chinese Psychosocial Oncology Society,founded in 2006,aims to provide a national forum for psychosocial oncology research. Cultural and systemic challenges to establishing psychosocial oncology as a core discipline in China include: (1) the family’s desire to ‘protect’ cancer patients by with-holding cancer-related information; (2) stigma and privacy regarding mental health issues; (3) biomedical practitioners’ claims that psychosocial on-cology is not sufficiently evidence-based; and (4) limited funding for psychosocial oncology care and research. Conclusion: The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) is considered a valuable resource towards China’s interest in partnering with the international psychosocial oncology community to enhance the discipline globally.展开更多
The activism of patients associations, in decision making, about health and social services, is an expanding phenomenon in Italy and elsewhere. But the civic roles of these patients associations, in health care settin...The activism of patients associations, in decision making, about health and social services, is an expanding phenomenon in Italy and elsewhere. But the civic roles of these patients associations, in health care settings, remain largely unexplored, especially in the case of patients assuming oral anticoagulant therapy （OAT Patients） for various chronic and severe diseases （stroke, chronic arthritis, maintenance or substitution of cardiac valves）. This is a qualitative study, on a Civic Health Organization, the Italian Association of Anti Coagulant Patients （Associazione ltaliana Pazienti Anticolagulati, hereinafter A.I.P.A.） which promotes the rights of OAT patients. The study was carried out in the south of Italy at Cosenza＇s Hospital. Cosenza is a city in the north of Calabria, a poor Southern Italian region. The research, done between March 2010 and December 2012, involved focus groups, key-informant interviews with volunteers from the local A.I.P.A. unit and the hospital professionals （physicians, nurses, managers） of Cosenza＇s Annunziata Hospital. This essay mainly analyzes a micro-form of co-deliberative health care democracy： a stable partnership between AIPA members and the cited hospital professionals, based on a mix of advocacy, planning, and co-delivery service roles. In doing this, the paper sketches the development, aims, activities, internal structure and resources, and the role played by this specific citizen-user/patient/career organization in promoting and/or representing the interests of anti-coagulated patients within the legal arena of the Italian health policy. Finally, the paper comes to the point in which OAT patients refer their perceptions of relational rights.展开更多
Objective To examine insulin resistance and high sensitivity C-reactive protein （hsCRP） association with clinical and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease （CAD） in patients with normal glucose toleranc...Objective To examine insulin resistance and high sensitivity C-reactive protein （hsCRP） association with clinical and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease （CAD） in patients with normal glucose tolerance. Methods In 638 consecutive patients with normal glucose tolerance, 221 had atypical chest pain and normal coronary artery （control group）, 279 had stable angina and CAD （SAP group ）, and 138 suffered acute myocardial infarction （ MI group）. The degree of CAD was further divided into borderline lesion （ lumen diameter narrowing 50% - 69% ）, significant 1-, 2- or 3-vessel disease （ luminal diameter narrowing 〉I 70% ）. Fasting serum glucose, insulin and hsCRP levels and lipid profiles were measured, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance （ HOMA-IR ） was calculated. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess risk factors for 3-vessel disease or acute MI. Results Serum hsCRP, lipoprotein （a） levels, and insulin resistance index （IRI） were higher in AMI group than those in SAP and control groups. Serum hsCRP level and IRI were also higher in 3-vessel disease than those in other groups. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that insulin resistance, cigarette smoking, serum hsCRP, and lipoprotein （a） levels were independent risk factors for acute MI. Lipoprotein （ a ） elevation was an independent risk factor for 3-vessel disease. Conclusion Insulin resistance and high serum hsCRP level were associated with occurrence of acute MI and angiographic severity of coronary disease in patients with normal glucose tolerance.展开更多
目的 建立病情-麻醉-手术三位一体预测术中心血管并发症风险的新方法.方法 分别以美国麻醉学协会的患者体质分级标准(American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification,ASA-PS)、Carrillo's方法作为病情、手...目的 建立病情-麻醉-手术三位一体预测术中心血管并发症风险的新方法.方法 分别以美国麻醉学协会的患者体质分级标准(American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification,ASA-PS)、Carrillo's方法作为病情、手术、麻醉风险分级标准,制作风险评估量表.在2016年1月-2016年12月期间对3 543例各科手术患者进行术前风险评估和分级,记录术中心血管并发症.将病情-麻醉-手术的风险等级与术中心血管并发症进行二元逻辑分析,获得回归系数.利用Logistic回归方程,建立病情-麻醉-手术三位一体风险评估数学模型,用三位一体模型对术中心血管并发症进行预测并与直接用ASA-PS建模的模型比较.结果 3 543例患者术中共发生心血管并发症311例(8.78%).三位一体方法中3种元素对术中并发症的贡献大小依次为病情、麻醉和手术元素,回归系数分别为0.886、0.508、0.268;ASA-pS的回归系数为1.089.三位一体方法术中并发症预测公式为logit (P) =-6.298+0.886×ASA-PS等级+0.508×麻醉等级+0.268×手术等级;ASA-PS方法公式为logit(P)=-4.758+ 1.089×ASA-PS.三位一体方法的受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)和ROC曲线下面积(area under the ROC curve,AUROC)为0.809,ASA-PS的AUROC为0.732.结论 与ASA-PS比较,病情-麻醉-手术三位一体风险评估新方法预测术中心血管并发症的效力和拟合度较好.展开更多
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2006AA02A407)National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2010CB529603)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7102109)
文摘Objective To study the association between the epidermal growth factor(EGF) gene and intelligence in patients with major depression.Methods Intelligence measurement using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS) was perfor-med on 120 unrelated patients with major depression and 46 control subjects.Blood was collected from all subjects for extraction of genomic DNA.Four single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the EGF gene were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).Results Mean scores of both score lang and score task,two subtests in WAIS,differed significantly between major depression patients and controls(P<0.0001).Quantitative trait analysis showed that the genetype of rs2250724 was closely associated with score lang and score task in major depression patients.The associations were still significant after 10 000 permutations.Conclusions Although preliminary,our results provide evidence for association between the EGF gene and intelligence in patients with major depression.Genetic variation in the EGF gene may increase the susceptibility of major depression.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2007CB512201)the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau Grant(2009208)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7131007)
文摘Objective To identify the possible association between C（-106）T polymorphism of the aldose reductase （ALR） gene and diabetic retinopathy （DR） in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Methods From November 2009 to September 2010, patients with T2DM were recruited and assigned to DR group or diabetic without retinopathy （DWR） group according to the duration of diabetes and the grading of 7-field fundus color photographs of both eyes. Genotypes of the C（-106）T polymorphism （rs759853） in ALR gene were analyzed using the MassARRAY genotyping system and an association study was performed. Results A total of 268 T2DM patients （129 in the DR group and 139 in the DWR group） were included in this study. No statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the age of diabetes onset （P=0.10） and gender （P=0.78）. The success rate of genotyping for the study subjects was 99.6% （267/268）, with one case of failure in the DR group. The frequencies of the T allele in the C（-106）T polymorphism were 16.0% （41/256） in the DR group and 19.4% （54/278） in the DWR group （P=0.36）. There was no signit^cant difference in the C（-106）T genotypes between the 2 groups （P=0.40）. Compared with the wild-type genotype, odds ratio （OR） for the risk of DR was 0.7 （95% CI, 0.38-1.3） for the heterozygous CT genotype and 0.76 （95% CI, 0.18-3.25） for the homozygous TT genotype. The risk of DR was positively associated with microalbuminuria （OR=4.61; 95% CI, 2.34-9.05） and insulin therapy （OR=3.43; 95% CI, 1.94-6.09）. Conclusions Microalbuminuria and insulin therapy are associated with the risk of DR in Chinese patients with T2DM. C（-106）T polymorphism of the ALR gene may not be significantly associated with DR in Chinese patients with T2DM.
基金Supported by MRIN Funding (Budget No.cc041/2009)
文摘AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian patients.METHODS:Sixty-four patients with chronic hepatitis,65 with liver cirrhosis and 50 with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this study.HBeAg and hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb) tests were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mutations were analyzed by sequencing.Viral load was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:Of 179 patients,108 (60.3%) were HBeAg(-) and 86 (79.6%) of these HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was not found in HBeAg(+) patients,however,this mutation was detected in 70.7% of HBeAg(-) patients.This mutation was frequently found when HBeAg was not expressed (87.7%),compared to that found in HBeAg seroconverted patients (65.1%).The A1899 mutation was also more prevalent in HBeAg(-) than in HBeAg(+) patients (P=0.004).The T1762/A1764 mutation was frequently found in both HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(-) patients,however,the prevalence of this mutation did not significantly differ among the two groups (P=0.054).In HBeAg(+) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation was correlated with lower HBV DNA (P < 0.001).The A1899 mutation did not correlate with HBV DNA (P=0.609).In HBeAg(-) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation alone was not correlated with HBV DNA (P=0.095),however,the presence of either the T1762/A1764 or A1896 mutations was associated with increased HBV DNA (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The percentage of HBeAg(-) patients is high in Indonesia,and most of the HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was most likely the major cause of HBeAg loss.The T1762/A1764 mutation alone was associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg(+) patients,but not in HBeAg(-) patients.
文摘Objective:In China over the past decade,psychosocial oncology has emerged as a new program. Development of this program requires attention to current opportunities,obstacles and cultural concerns. Methods: A selected literature review of academic papers in Chinese and English language journals and web sites was analyzed for themes regarding the current status,challenges,and opportunities for psychosocial oncology in China. Results: China’s national cancer strategy (2004-2010),based on WHO guidelines,is focused on cancer prevention and treatment,as well as quality of life among cancer patients and their families. The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association is now funding research,training and international collaboration in psychosocial oncology. The newly organized Chinese Psychosocial Oncology Society,founded in 2006,aims to provide a national forum for psychosocial oncology research. Cultural and systemic challenges to establishing psychosocial oncology as a core discipline in China include: (1) the family’s desire to ‘protect’ cancer patients by with-holding cancer-related information; (2) stigma and privacy regarding mental health issues; (3) biomedical practitioners’ claims that psychosocial on-cology is not sufficiently evidence-based; and (4) limited funding for psychosocial oncology care and research. Conclusion: The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) is considered a valuable resource towards China’s interest in partnering with the international psychosocial oncology community to enhance the discipline globally.
文摘The activism of patients associations, in decision making, about health and social services, is an expanding phenomenon in Italy and elsewhere. But the civic roles of these patients associations, in health care settings, remain largely unexplored, especially in the case of patients assuming oral anticoagulant therapy （OAT Patients） for various chronic and severe diseases （stroke, chronic arthritis, maintenance or substitution of cardiac valves）. This is a qualitative study, on a Civic Health Organization, the Italian Association of Anti Coagulant Patients （Associazione ltaliana Pazienti Anticolagulati, hereinafter A.I.P.A.） which promotes the rights of OAT patients. The study was carried out in the south of Italy at Cosenza＇s Hospital. Cosenza is a city in the north of Calabria, a poor Southern Italian region. The research, done between March 2010 and December 2012, involved focus groups, key-informant interviews with volunteers from the local A.I.P.A. unit and the hospital professionals （physicians, nurses, managers） of Cosenza＇s Annunziata Hospital. This essay mainly analyzes a micro-form of co-deliberative health care democracy： a stable partnership between AIPA members and the cited hospital professionals, based on a mix of advocacy, planning, and co-delivery service roles. In doing this, the paper sketches the development, aims, activities, internal structure and resources, and the role played by this specific citizen-user/patient/career organization in promoting and/or representing the interests of anti-coagulated patients within the legal arena of the Italian health policy. Finally, the paper comes to the point in which OAT patients refer their perceptions of relational rights.
文摘Objective To examine insulin resistance and high sensitivity C-reactive protein （hsCRP） association with clinical and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease （CAD） in patients with normal glucose tolerance. Methods In 638 consecutive patients with normal glucose tolerance, 221 had atypical chest pain and normal coronary artery （control group）, 279 had stable angina and CAD （SAP group ）, and 138 suffered acute myocardial infarction （ MI group）. The degree of CAD was further divided into borderline lesion （ lumen diameter narrowing 50% - 69% ）, significant 1-, 2- or 3-vessel disease （ luminal diameter narrowing 〉I 70% ）. Fasting serum glucose, insulin and hsCRP levels and lipid profiles were measured, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance （ HOMA-IR ） was calculated. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess risk factors for 3-vessel disease or acute MI. Results Serum hsCRP, lipoprotein （a） levels, and insulin resistance index （IRI） were higher in AMI group than those in SAP and control groups. Serum hsCRP level and IRI were also higher in 3-vessel disease than those in other groups. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that insulin resistance, cigarette smoking, serum hsCRP, and lipoprotein （a） levels were independent risk factors for acute MI. Lipoprotein （ a ） elevation was an independent risk factor for 3-vessel disease. Conclusion Insulin resistance and high serum hsCRP level were associated with occurrence of acute MI and angiographic severity of coronary disease in patients with normal glucose tolerance.
文摘目的 建立病情-麻醉-手术三位一体预测术中心血管并发症风险的新方法.方法 分别以美国麻醉学协会的患者体质分级标准(American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification,ASA-PS)、Carrillo's方法作为病情、手术、麻醉风险分级标准,制作风险评估量表.在2016年1月-2016年12月期间对3 543例各科手术患者进行术前风险评估和分级,记录术中心血管并发症.将病情-麻醉-手术的风险等级与术中心血管并发症进行二元逻辑分析,获得回归系数.利用Logistic回归方程,建立病情-麻醉-手术三位一体风险评估数学模型,用三位一体模型对术中心血管并发症进行预测并与直接用ASA-PS建模的模型比较.结果 3 543例患者术中共发生心血管并发症311例(8.78%).三位一体方法中3种元素对术中并发症的贡献大小依次为病情、麻醉和手术元素,回归系数分别为0.886、0.508、0.268;ASA-pS的回归系数为1.089.三位一体方法术中并发症预测公式为logit (P) =-6.298+0.886×ASA-PS等级+0.508×麻醉等级+0.268×手术等级;ASA-PS方法公式为logit(P)=-4.758+ 1.089×ASA-PS.三位一体方法的受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)和ROC曲线下面积(area under the ROC curve,AUROC)为0.809,ASA-PS的AUROC为0.732.结论 与ASA-PS比较,病情-麻醉-手术三位一体风险评估新方法预测术中心血管并发症的效力和拟合度较好.
