县域商业改革研讨会观点综述(1997年12月 宜兴市)

根据党的十五大精神,江苏省商业经济学会于1997年12月11、12日在宜兴市召开了“县域商业改革研讨会”。来自省内3市12县(市)的贸易(商业)行政主管部门、商经学会、商经企业的20多名代表应邀参加了会议。与会同志在认真学习江泽民总书记十五大报告的基础上,着重讨论了县域商业(包括国有商业和集体商业)以股份合作制为主要形式的深化改革问题。主要观点如下:

当好县域经济的先行官——涞源县电力局局长王学斌谈服务经济建设

涞源县位于太行山、燕山、恒山三山交汇处,是国家级山区贫困县。全县总面积2448平方公里,人口26万,气候宜人,素有“山城、泉城、凉城”之美称,是炎炎夏日的避夏胜地。涞源县电力局担负着全县乡镇企业和286个用电村6万余农户的供用电管理工作,下设15个供电所,5个三产单位。近几年,该局取得了长足发展,35千伏变电站由4座增至目前的9座,容量由12400千伏安增至61250千伏安,供电量由多年在4000万千瓦时左右增至去年的1.38亿千瓦时,连续10年被县委、县政府评为“利税先进单位”。

Review of research on interactions between deepwater steel catenary risers and soft clay seabeds

Steel catenary risers （SCR） have become an enabling technology for deepwater environments. A comprehensive review was conducted on recent research that examined interactions between deepwater steel catenary risers and soft clay seabeds. This included the STRIDE （steel risers in deepwater environments） and CARISIMA （catenary riser soil interaction model for global riser analysis） joint jndustry jrogram＇s test data as well as information from existing papers.

Suspended Sediment Transport and Deposition in the Zhoushan Archipelago Sea Area

The transport mechanism and settlement characteristics of suspended sediments are analyzed in this article on the basis of measured data. Results indicate that the concentration and flux of suspended sediments decrease sharply from Hangzhou Bay to the offshore area. Suspended sediment transport is mainly controlled by advection transport and gravitational circulation transport. The settling velocity of suspended sediments gradually decreases from Hangzhou Bay to the offshore area. The settlement of suspended sediments mainly takes place during the turning phase of the tidal currents.

Principal Denudation Processes and Their Contribution to Fluvial Suspended Sediment Yields in the Upper Yangtze River Basin and Volga River Basin

This paper synthesized the principal land denudation processes and their role in determining riverine suspended sediment yields(SSY) in two typical geographical environments of the Upper Yangtze River Basin in China and the Volga River Basin in Eastern Europe. In the Upper Yangtze River Basin, natural factors including topography, climate,lithology and tectonic activity are responsible for the spatial variation in the magnitude of denudation rates.Human disturbances have contributed to the temporal changes of soil erosion and fluvial SSY during the past decades. On one hand, land use change caused by deforestation and land reclamation has played an important role in the acceleration of sediment production from the central hilly area and lower Jinsha catchment; On the other hand, diverse soil conservation practices(e.g., reforestation,terracing) have contributed to a reduction of soil erosion and sediment production since the late 1980 s.It was difficult to explicitly decouple the effect of mitigation measures in the Lower Jinsha River Basindue to the complexity associated with sediment redistribution within river channels(active channel migration and significant sedimentation). The whole basin can be subdivided into seven sub-regions according to the different proportional inputs of principal denudation processes to riverine SSY. In the Volga River Basin, anthropogenic sheet, rill and gully erosion are the predominant denudation processes in the southern region, while channel bank and bed erosion constitutes the main source of riverine suspended sediment flux in the northern part of the basin. Distribution of cultivated lands significantly determined the intensity of denudation processes.Local relief characteristics also considerably influence soil erosion rates and SSY in the southern Volga River Basin. Lithology, soil cover and climate conditions determined the spatial distribution of sheet, rill and gully erosion intensity, but they play a secondary role in SSY spatial variation.

Sediment Load of Asian Rivers flowing into the Oceans and their Regional Variation

Study of the major Asian rivers discharge to the ocean reveals variations of their water discharges and sediment loads, and local characteristics of river sediment concentrations. On the basis of this, the Asian rivers fall into three regions, including Eurasia Arctic, East Asia, Southeast and South Asia Regions. The Eurasia Arctic Region is characterized by the lowest sediment concentration and load, while the East Asia Region is of the highest sediment concentration and higher sediment load, and the South-East and South Asia Region yields higher sediment concentration and highest sediment load.The sediment loads of these regions are mainly controlled by climate, geomorphology and tectonic activity. The Eurasia Arctic rivers with large basin areas and water discharge, drain low relief which consists of tundra sediment, thus causing the lowest sediment load. The East Asia rivers with small basin areas and lowest water discharges, drain extensive loess plateau, and transport most erodible loess material, which results in highest sediment concentration. The SE and South Asia rivers originating from the Tibet Plateau have large basin areas and the largest water discharges because of the Summer Monsoon and high rainfall influence, causing the highest sediment load.In Asia, tectonic motion of the Tibet Plateau plays an important role. Those large rivers originating from the Tibet Plateau transport about 50% of the world river sediment load to ocean annually, forming large estuaries and deltas, and consequently exerting a great influence on sedimentation in the coastal zone and shelves.

Suspended sediment transport analysis in two Italian instrumented catchments

Suspended sediment transport in streams is an effective indicator of soil erosion at the watershed scale. This process was studied using the data obtained from two continuous monitoring stations installed in Italian watersheds, the Rio Cordon and Torrente CarapeUe. The catchments have substantially different climatic, morphological and land use characteristics. The Rio Cordon, a small Alpine watershed, has been monitored since 1986, while in the Torrente Carapelle, a medium-size Mediterranean watershed, the monitoring station has provided data since 2007. Several flood events with suspended sediment transport were isolated in the two catchments, excluding those determined by snowmelt in the Rio Cordon as this process does not affect the Carapelle watershed. Analysis of the events showed different behavior in terms of hysteresis loop trends between water discharge （m3 S-1） and suspended sediment concentration （g 1-1） values, as the Rio Cordon confirms clockwise relationships most frequently, while counter-clockwise trends represent the majority of cases for the Carapelle Torrent. The different behavior of the two watersheds was further analyzed by evaluating relationships between the main hydrological parameters related to suspended sediment transport. Runoff controls the total sediment budget in both catchments. In contrast, it was noted that the runoff process does not interfere in the magnitude of the suspended sediment transport in the Rio Cordon catchment, while variations due to the larger size of the catchment area characterize the events in the Carapelle watershed. Lastly, a flow peak threshold that determines the advance or delay of the hydrograph peak with respect to the sedigraph peak was established for the Carapelle Torrent, while it was not reported in the Rio Cordon.

Dynamic Resonant Frequency Bands of Suspension System of Vehicles with Varying Speeds Based on Time⁃Frequency Spectrum

The dynamic responses of suspension system of a vehicle travelling at varying speeds are generally nonstationary random processes,and the non-stationary random analysis has become an important and complex problem in vehicle ride dynamics in the past few years.This paper proposes a new concept,called dynamic frequency domain(DFD),based on the fact that the human body holds different sensitivities to vibrations at different frequencies,and applies this concept to the dynamic assessment on non-stationary vehicles.The study mainly includes two parts,the first is the input numerical calculation of the front and the rear wheels,and the second is the dynamical response analysis of suspension system subjected to non-stationary random excitations.Precise time integration method is used to obtain the vertical acceleration of suspension barycenter and the pitching angular acceleration,both root mean square(RMS)values of which are illustrated in different accelerating cases.The results show that RMS values of non-stationary random excitations are functions of time and increase as the speed increases at the same time.The DFD of vertical acceleration is finally analyzed using time-frequency analysis technique,and the conclusion is obviously that the DFD has a trend to the low frequency region,which would be significant reference for active suspension design under complex driving conditions.

县域公路网现状分析与评价

建立了县域公路网的评价指标体系、各指标的评价标准和综合评判模型．通过实例分析，得出了吉林地区１９９３年道路与交通的特征参数和结论。

Design and Fabrication of a Novel Core-Suspended Optic Fiber for Distributed Gas Sensor

We designed a novel core-suspended capillary fiber that the core was suspended in the air hole and close to the inner surface of the capillary, and experimentally demonstrated its fabrication technology. In addition, a method for linking a single mode fiber and a core-suspended fiber was proposed based on splicing and tapering at the fusion point between the two fibers. By combining with the optical time domain reflectometer technology, we constructed a distributed gas sensor system to monitor greenhouse gas based on this novel fiber.