造境与悬拟

悬拟是诗歌创作的一种手段，但绝非“凭空想象”那么简单。它对王国维的“造境”说具有方法论上的意义。运用悬拟手法可以更好地解读古诗。

论秦蜀交通与唐代的蜀道诗路

秦蜀两地虽山水相连,古时却因秦岭横亘,交通不易,往来艰难。自战国以降,经历代开掘,遂有子午、褒斜、陈仓、骆谷等道穿越秦岭,连通秦蜀。唐代国力强盛,驿道发达,秦蜀之交通在前代基础上亦有所发展,公私往来较前代更为频繁,而因诗歌创作之兴盛,遂形成了以蜀道书写为内容的蜀道诗。又因创作者有亲身经行与否的区别,唐人的蜀道书写也形成了悬拟想象与亲历纪行两类,在艺术上也有以物象、意象之形塑创造为主和以实录所历、呈现经行之别,却又都为古代秦岭巴蜀之地域文化与文学书写作出了独特贡献。由于唐代诗人出色的蜀道书写,秦蜀间之交通线,或亦可称之为唐代的“蜀道诗路”。

元稹《连昌宫词》新解

《连昌宫词》是元稹的重要诗篇,它不是元稹"闭门伏案依题悬拟之作",而是元稹追忆往日"经过行宫感时抚事之作"。《连昌宫词》作于元和十三年四月暮春初夏之交的时节,写作动因是诗人元稹期待执政当局能够"努力庙谋休用兵",为李唐的复兴,为百姓的生活做出自己的努力与贡献。

电影工业美学的批评与超越——与陈旭光先生商榷

陈旭光提出的"电影工业美学"概念是近年来针对中国电影进入新时代、面临新机遇、迎接新挑战的一个重要的理论命题。它是一种悬拟的批评方法,成体系地论述了中国电影所面临的问题与突破的可能。但它也是一个综合的、中间层面的、妥协的、折中的理论命题,缺乏清晰的研究对象和研究范围。文章对这一概念提出批评,并试图对这一概念的内容进行更为丰富的补充。

Numerical Study of Water and Suspended Matter Exchange Between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

POM was used to study the monthly mean circulation in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. The calculated results showed almost all major characteristics of the circulation system. The calculated circulation system and observational data were used to determine the sediment concentration, volume transport, heat flux and suspended matter flux between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. The conclusions obtained were that the volume and heat are transported northward through the 32°N section during each season; that in winter and autumn, total suspended matter is transported southward, and is larger in winter than in autumn. The reason is that the Yellow Sea Coastal Current is strong and always contains more suspend matter in winter and autumn. The seasonal suspended matter exchange between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea are 0.58×10 7 tons in spring, 2.81×10 7 tons in summer, -2.60×10 7 tons in autumn and -3.40×10 7 tons in winter. Net flux of suspended matter from the Yellow Sea to the East China Sea is 2.61×10 7 tons every year.

Simulating Resin Infusion through Textile Reinforcement Materials for the Manufacture of Complex Composite Structures

Increasing demand for weight reduction and greater fuel efficiency continues to spur the use of composite materials in commercial aircraft structures. Subsequently, as composite aerostructures become larger and more complex, traditional autoclave manufacturing methods are becoming prohibitively expensive. This has prompted renewed interest in out-of-autoclave processing techniques in which resins are introduced into a reinforcing preform. However, the success of these resin infusion methods is highly dependent upon operator skill and experience, particularly in the development of new manufacturing strategies for complex parts. Process modeling, as a predictive computational tool, aims to address the issues of reliability and waste that result from traditional trial-and-error approaches. Basic modeling attempts, many of which are still used in industry, generally focus on simulating fluid flow through an isotropic porous reinforcement material. How- ever, recent efforts are beginning to account for the multiscale and multidisciplinary complexity of woven materials, in simulations that can provide greater fidelity. In particular, new multi-physics process models are able to better predict the infusion behavior through textiles by considering the effect of fabric deformation on permeability and porosity properties within the reinforcing material. In addition to reviewing pre- vious research related to process modeling and the current state of the art, this paper highlights the recent validation of a multi-physics process model against the experimental infusion of a complex double dome component. By accounting for deformation-dependent flow behavior, the multi-physics process model was able to predict realistic flow behavior, demonstrating considerable improvement over basic isotropic permeability models.

Numerical Research on the Fiber Suspensions in a Turbulent T-shaped Branching Channel Flow

The concentration and orientation of fiber in a turbulent T-shaped branching channel flow are investi-gated numerically. The Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations together with the Reynolds stress turbulent model are solved for the mean flow field and the turbulent kinetic energy. The fluctuating velocities of the fluid are assumed as a random variable with Gaussian distribution whose variance is related to the turbulent kinetic energy. The slender-body theory is used to simulate the fiber motion based on the known mean and fluctuating velocities of the fluid. The results show that at low Reynolds number, fiber concentration is high in the flow separation regions, and fiber orientation throughout the channel is widely distributed with a slight preference of aligning along the horizontal axis. With increasing of Re, the high concentration region disappears, and fiber orientation becomes ho-mogeneous without any preferred direction. At high Reynolds number, fiber concentration increases gradually along the flow direction. The differences in the distribution of concentration and orientation between different fiber aspect ratio are evident only at low Re. Both Re and fiber aspect ratio have small effect on the variance of orientation angle.

Simulation of Solid Suspension in a Stirred Tank Using CFD-DEM Coupled Approach＊

Computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM) coupled approach was employed to simulate the solid suspension behavior in a Rushton stirred tank with consideration of transitional and rotational motions of millions of particles with complex interactions with liquid and the rotating impeller. The simulations were satisfactorily validated with experimental data in literature in terms of measured particle velocities in the tank.Influences of operating conditions and physical properties of particles(i.e., particle diameter and density) on the two-phase flow field in the stirred tank involving particle distribution, particle velocity and vortex were studied.The wide distribution of particle angular velocity ranging from 0 to 105r·min 1is revealed. The Magnus force is comparable to the drag force during the particle movement in the tank. The strong particle rotation will generate extra shear force on the particles so that the particle morphology may be affected, especially in the bio-/polymer-product related processes. It can be concluded that the CFD-DEM coupled approach provides a theoretical way to understand the physics of particle movement in micro- to macro-scales in the solid suspension of a stirred tank.

Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of One Particle Migrating in a Pulsating Flow in Microvessel

A lattice Boltzmann model of two dimensions is used to simulate the movement of a single rigid particle suspended in a pulsating flow in micro vessel The particle is as big as a red blood cell, and the micro vessel is four times as wide as the diameter of the particle. It is found that Segrd-Silberberg effect will not respond to the pulsation of the flow when the Reynolds number is relatively high. However, when the Reynolds number is low enough, Segrd-Silberberg effect disappears. In the steady flow, different initial position leads to different equilibrium positions. In a pulsating flow, different frequencies of pulsation also cause different equilibrium positions. Particularly, when the frequency of pulsation is closed to the human heart rate, Segrd-Silberberg effect presents again. The evolutions of velocity, rotation, and trajectory of the particle are investigated to find the dynamics of such abnormal phenomenon.

Numerical simulation of pollution process due to resuspension of bed materials adsorbing pollutants in alluvial rivers

Resuspension of bed materials absorbing pollutants potentially poses unpredictable challenges to water management in alluvial rivers and its mechanism of transport has not been widely recognized.In this study,a transport equation that defines the movement of pollutants adsorbed on the bed materials in the active bed layer is established,on the basis of mass conservation law and continuum theory.The transport equation is coupled into the 1-D mathematical model to numerically investigate water pollution process due to the scour of the bed sediment adsorbing pollutants.Comparisons with the situation in which the dynamics of the active bed layer is not considered indicate that the periodical evolution of the bed layer plays an innegligible role in the pollution process due to sediment re-suspension.Furthermore,comparisons of the results with available experimental observations are presented,and fairly good agreement is obtained.