以情抗理 以情役律──论汤显祖的情感美学观

汤显祖的情感美学观包括“情生诗歌”的情本论、出生入死的情感超越论、以情抗理的情理观和以情役律的情形（形式）观，分别解答了情感与艺术、情感与现实、情感与理性、情感与形式的关系问题。其对美学主体性和个性解放的热切呼唤，代表着时代的美学潮动和精神脉动，由此而昭示出其在明清情感美学思想发展中的历史作用和独特贡献。

Study on unknown input reduced-order observer for fault diagnosis

A novel unknown input reduced-order observer (UIRO) design scheme is presented. It is proved that unknown input appearing in measurement can be eliminated by a simple algebraic transformation. Then, a new UIRO design scheme is proposed via a transformation under no unknown input existing in measurement. Compared with other known results, the condition is weaker than others. So it was further reasonable. The design procedure proposed is simple and straightforward enough to be applied. An example is given to show its efficiency in fault diagnosis.