敬畏感的情绪成分分析:基于社交网络的文本挖掘

敬畏感是一种复杂的情感体验,它既包含正性的情绪,也包含负性的情绪。对于不同情绪成分所占的比重,目前还存在一定的争议。基于文本挖掘技术,本研究对Twitter和新浪微博上以敬畏感为关键词的文本内容进行情感/情绪分析。结果发现,敬畏体验中,快乐、期待、信任、惊奇所占的比例较大,而恐惧、悲伤、愤怒、厌恶所占的比例较小。研究结果在一定程度上支持了敬畏感以积极情绪为主,为理解敬畏感的情绪成分以及敬畏感的诱发提供了一定的证据。

近年来国外关于音乐才能相关性因素的研究

本文从音乐才能的概念、个体生理因素与音乐才能的关系、其它能力与音乐才能的关系、情绪情感与音乐才能的关系等方面,收集整理了部分国外近年来关于音乐才能相关性因素的研究资料,简要归纳了各种研究成果。通过对这些成果的集中观察,总结出了此类研究所具有的一些特征。

Emotional State Transition Model Based on Stimulus and Personality Characteristics

In order to use mathematical methods to study how cognitive reappraisal strategies affect the output state of emotions,Gross's cognitive reappraisal strategy is transformed into a quantitative parameter which is proposed to describe the general perception of emotional events on the basis of the emotion regulation.According to Gross's emotional regulation model,the Finite State Machine(FSM) model is used for describing the process of emotional state transition and the Likert 5 grading scale is introduced to study the level of an individual's reappraisal according to the participant's self-evaluation.The experimental results verify that the algorithm can effectively describe the relationship between the reappraisal strategy,emotional events and an emotiongenerative process.There are multiple dimensions of a human's emotional state.Thus,in the field of human-computer interaction,further research requires the development of a specific algorithm which can be implemented by a computer for the emotion regulation process.

Self-perceptions and social–emotional classroom engagement following structured physical activity among preschoolers: A feasibility study

Background: The well-rounded development of the child, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health, may be the most efficient route to well-being and academic success. The primary goal was to investigate the feasibility of implementing a 12-week structured program of physical activity(PA) incorporating cognitive, social, and emotional elements in preschool. Additionally, this study, using a within-subject design,examined the acute effects of a PA session on classroom engagement and changes on perceived competence and peer acceptance from the first to the last week of the program.Methods: Twenty-seven preschoolers(mean age = 4.2 years) completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children before and after a twice-weekly PA program. Unobtrusive classroom observations were conducted for verbal, social, and affective engagement during the first and last week of the program, both following a structured PA session(experimental day) and on a day without PA(control day). Treatment fidelity was monitored to ensure that the intervention was delivered as designed.Results: The children exhibited longer periods of verbal and social engagement during classroom periods that followed PA sessions than on non-PA days. Children also expressed more positive affect following PA sessions during the last week of the PA program. Despite high baseline scores,perceptions of general competence increased meaningfully(η2= 0.15, p = 0.05), driven by increase in perceptions of cognitive competence(η2= 0.15,p = 0.06).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of providing structured PA program to preschoolers. Moreover, these initial findings suggest that purposely designed, structured PA may help advance the social–emotional engagement and perceived competence of preschool children.

Emotional Vector Distance Based Sentiment Analysis of Wakamono Kotoba

In this paper,we propose a method for estimating emotion in Wakamono Kotoba that were not registered in the system,by using Wakamono Kotoba example sentences as features.The proposed method applies Earth Mover's Distance(EMD) to vector of words.As a result of the evaluation experiment using 14 440 sentences,higher estimation accuracy is obtained by considering emotional distance between words-an approach that had not been used in the conventional research-than by using only word importance value.

ANALYSIS OF AFFECTIVE ECG SIGNALS TOWARD EMOTION RECOGNITION

Recently,as recognizing emotion has been one of the hallmarks of affective computing,more attention has been paid to physiological signals for emotion recognition.This paper presented an approach to emotion recognition using ElectroCardioGraphy(ECG) signals from multiple subjects.To collect reliable affective ECG data,we applied an arousal method by movie clips to make subjects experience specific emotions without external interference.Through precise location of P-QRS-T wave by continuous wavelet transform,an amount of ECG features was extracted sufficiently.Since feature selection is a combination optimization problem,Improved Binary Particle Swarm Optimization(IBPSO) based on neighborhood search was applied to search out effective features to improve classification results of emotion states with the help of fisher or K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) classifier.In the experiment,it is shown that the approach is successful and the effective features got from ECG signals can express emotion states excellently.

What Do Emotions Do？ A Pragmatist Approach to the Role of Emotions in Media Events

Expressions of emotion in the media, especially in the context of news, are often criticized as promoting irrational attitudes. For supporters of this kind of criticism, rather than addressing such emotional sensitivity, journalism should be objective, appealing to the rationality of the public. Anger, indignation, enthusiasm, and expressions of joy or sadness should not have part in public debates. From this perspective, rationality and emotions are opposed, the former being fundamental for the constitution of the public sphere, while the latter falls into the category of inner impulses. While Kant denied any sort of rationality to emotions, Gustave Lebon attributed emotional attitudes to crowds rather than to a public. In a crowd, emotions spread like an epidemic through a kind of contagion. The present study is based on a contrasting perspective and focuses on the rationality of emotions＇, whether in philosophy （Nussbaum）, sociology （Paperman, Aranguren 2014; Livet 2002）, or psychology （Krant-Gruber）. Oddly enough, these different approaches do not seem to have affected media studies where, belief in the irrationality of emotions, still dominates analyses of media coverage of natural or industrial catastrophes, wars, or terrorist attacks. Instead of considering the nature of emotions, or the question of whether they actually corrupt the objectivity of journalism and the supposed rationality of public debates, I will seek to develop a pragmatist approach to the question of what, emotions actually do. In fact, the idea of emotions spreading contagiously had been disputed since the 18th century when Adam Smith asked how a British newspaper reader could be affected by an earthquake happening in China. Suffering from a distance, says Adam Smith, is not the product of some kind of contagion. If we want to understand this sort of feeling, we have to imagine an inner moral spectator inside of every human being Oddly enough, Adam Smith considers emotions to be moral feelings. To feel horrified by the consequences of an earthquake, or to feel indignant about the death of innocent victims, are moral attitudes. In this respect, they are rational, but the feelings of indignation or horror also include bodily reactions. We scream, put our hands over our mouths; we blush, have tears in our eyes; we feel our heartbeat accelerate etc. These bodily reactions seem impulsive and entirely subjective, but to what extent can we say that they are rational or moral？

Relationship between negative emotions and perceived support among parents of hospitalized,critically ill children

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to describe relationships between negative emotions and perceived emotional support in parents of children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted face-to-face interviews between January 2019 and January 2020.Study variables included depression(PHQ-9 Scale),anxiety(Emotional Distress-Anxiety-Short Form 8a),anger(Emotional Distress-Anger-Short Form 5a),fear(Fear-Affect Computerized Adaptive Test),somatic fear(Fear-Somatic Arousal-Fixed Form),loneliness(Revised 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale),and perceived emotional support(Emotional Support-Fixed Form).Results:Eighty parents reported symptoms of depression 8.00(4.00,13.75),anxiety(23.43±7.80),anger(13.40±5.46),fear(72.81±27.26),somatic fear 9.00(6.00,12.75),loneliness(39.35±12.00),and low perceived emotional support(32.14±8.06).Parents who were young,single,low-income,and with limited-post secondary education reported greater loneliness and lower perceived emotional support.Fear correlated with depression(r=0.737,P<0.01)and anxiety(r=0.900,P<0.01).Inverse relationships were discovered between perceived emotional support and loneliness(r=-0.767,P<0.01),anger(r=-0.401,P<0.01),and depression(r=-0.334,P<0.01).Conclusions:The cluster of negative emotions identified will serve as potential targets for future interventions designed to enhance support for parents of critically ill children.

A Study on Chinese English Leamers＇ Use of Emotion Words

Most educated Chinese take English as an important communication tool and the language has been increasingly frequently used in all walks of life in the country. This paper is to examine the use of English emotion words on the target group of English learners in China. The study is designed to find out the relationship between the use of emotion words and such relevant variables as language proficiency, gender, and age. The results demonstrate that the use of emotion words is significantly linked to the level of proficiency as well as gender. Age is found to have slight effect on the use of emotion words. The study also reveals that more positive emotion words are produced than negative ones in the speech. Based on the major findings, some implications and suggestions are offered： Firstly, English learners in China are expected to improve their language proficiency, particularly that of listening and speaking. Secondly, they are supposed to enhance their culture awareness of English by means of exposing themselves to as much authentic language as possible.

Gait Recorded by Smart Phone Can Reveal Your Emotion

So far,a lot of scientific studies have been carried out on nonverbal signals,which are considered as extrinsic expression of human’s intrapsychic state.Among them,emotion detection aims to automatically determine a person’s affective state,with immense potentials in many areas from health care,psychological detection to human-computer interaction.Traditional emotion detection is based on expressions,or linguistic and acoustic features in speech.However,

悲伤情绪中的审美体验

我们着眼于人在悲伤和快乐情绪下对美的体验,对此类过程中的神经机制开展了研究。这两种体验的共同特性在于“美”,却与相反的情感效价相关联。20位受试者在一台功能性磁共振成像扫描仪中观看并重估120幅图片,这些图片已经由每位受试者分为以下四类:悲伤之美、快乐之美、没感觉、难看。在受试者的两种审美体验过程中,内侧眶额叶皮层(mOFC)处于活跃状态。另外,这两种审美体验介入大脑的不同区域:快乐之美涉及与积极情绪相关的大脑区域,悲伤之美则涉及与消极体验相关的大脑区域。在这两种审美体验过程中,受试者小脑的不同区域被激活。功能连通性分析表明,内侧眶额叶皮层的活动受辅助运动区和(或)中间扣带皮层调节,后者已知在由他人悲伤引发的共情体验中会被激活。

Paying less but harvesting more:the effect of unconscious acceptance in regulating frustrating emotion

Previous studies indicate that emotion regulation may occur unconsciously, without the cost of cognitive effort, while conscious acceptance may enhance negative experiences despite having potential long-term health benefits. Thus, it is important to overcome this weakness to boost the efficacy of the acceptance strategy in negative emotion regulation. As unconscious regulation occurs with little cost of cognitive resources, the current study hypothesizes that unconscious acceptance regulates the emotional consequence of negative events more effectively than does conscious acceptance. Subjects were randomly assigned to conscious acceptance, unconscious acceptance and no-regulation conditions. A frustrating arithmetic task was used to induce negative emotion. Emotional experiences were assessed on the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale while emotion-related physiological activation was assessed by heart-rate reactivity. Results showed that conscious acceptance had a significant negative affective consequence, which was absent during unconscious acceptance. That is, unconscious acceptance was linked with little reduction of positive affect during the experience of frustration, while this reduction was prominent in the control and conscious acceptance groups. Instructed, conscious acceptance resulted in a greater reduction of positive affect than found for the control group. In addition, both conscious and unconscious acceptance strategies significantly decreased emotion-related heart-rate activity(to a similar extent) in comparison with the control condition. Moreover, heart-rate reactivity was positively correlated with negative affect and negatively correlated with positive affect during the frustration phase relative to the baseline phase, in both the control and unconscious acceptance groups. Thus, unconscious acceptance not only reduces emotion-related physiological activity but also better protects mood stability compared with conscious acceptance. This suggests that the clinical practice of acceptance therapy may need to consider using the unconscious priming of an accepting attitude, instead of intentionally instructing people to implement such a strategy, to boost the efficacy of acceptance in emotion regulation.

Exploring University ESL/EFL Teachers' Emotional Well-Being and Emotional Regulation in the United States, Japan and Austria

Teacher well-being has been shown to play a central role in the quality of teaching and student achievement(Day & Gu, 2009;Klusmann, Kunter, Trautwein, Lüdtke, & Baumert, 2008). However,the teaching profession is currently in crisis as it faces record rates of burnout and attrition(Borman & Dowling, 2008;Hong, 2010;Lovewell, 2012), including stressors specific to the changing nature of foreign language teaching(Hiver & Dornyei, 2015;Wieczorek, 2016) and to higher education(Kinman & Wray, 2013). This study seeks to understand how language teachers perceive of and experience their emotional well-being and what strategies they employ to manage it. Through a series of 12 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with ESL/EFL tertiary-level teachers in the United States, Japan and Austria, we explore a range of contexts examining how participants perceive of factors that add to or detract from their emotional well-being, the challenges and joys these teachers face in their professional and personal lives, and the most salient emotional regulation strategies that they employ to manage their emotions.

Caring to Teach: Exploring the Affective Economies of English Teachers in Singapore

The ethical project of education hinges on the ideal of caring relations between teachers and students, an ideal that entails deep emotional commitments on the part of teachers. Drawing on interview data from a larger study of teachers’ lived experiences in Singapore’s secondary schools,this paper examines the cultural politics of caring as an emotional practice in teaching. The ethic of care serves to construct normative accounts of good teaching based on "feeling rules," and becomes a disciplinary technology for evaluating the professional, social and emotional competencies of teachers. I suggest that this project in turn entails an ideological effort to mobilize teachers’ emotional attachment to this ethical ideal. The ethic of care shapes the subjectivities, beliefs, and practices of English teachers, particularly as they circulate through the neoliberal imperatives of educational accountability regimes.