培养学生良好情感 促进学生健康发展

情感生活是学生精神生活的核心,完善人格的关键。本文通过对良好情绪、情感在人生历程中的重要作用和培养对策的描述,旨在阐明情感智商是导致人们事业和生活中成功与失败的分水岭,在整个教育过程中起着举足轻重的作用。提出:对于现代教育不仅要重视智力的开发、能力的培养,更应该注重健康情感的培育,这样才能更有效地达到塑造合格人才的教育目标。

歌唱心理素质三要素探析

歌唱者的心理素质主要由三个要素构成，即情绪（情感）、性格（个性）和意识（包括有意识和潜意识）。所谓情绪（情感）指主体对于外界刺激所持态度的心理反应。所谓性格（个性）指个人带有倾向性的、本质的、比较稳定的心理特征的总和。所谓意识指主体的特定心理对特定事物感性积累后的理性思维和认知结果。歌唱心理三要素共同构筑了歌唱心理素质，并在其表现过程中相互协调，相互促进，为歌唱表现的实践过程提供了稳定和有效的心理基础。

歌唱心理对声乐演唱和教学的影响及作用

歌唱心理对声乐演唱和教学起到不可低估的作用,它主要由情绪(情感)、性格(个性)、意识三个方面共同构筑。歌唱心理素质的培养和发声技巧的训练同等重要,声乐教师应遵循科学的心理方法展开声乐教学。

Self-perceptions and social–emotional classroom engagement following structured physical activity among preschoolers: A feasibility study

Background: The well-rounded development of the child, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health, may be the most efficient route to well-being and academic success. The primary goal was to investigate the feasibility of implementing a 12-week structured program of physical activity(PA) incorporating cognitive, social, and emotional elements in preschool. Additionally, this study, using a within-subject design,examined the acute effects of a PA session on classroom engagement and changes on perceived competence and peer acceptance from the first to the last week of the program.Methods: Twenty-seven preschoolers(mean age = 4.2 years) completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children before and after a twice-weekly PA program. Unobtrusive classroom observations were conducted for verbal, social, and affective engagement during the first and last week of the program, both following a structured PA session(experimental day) and on a day without PA(control day). Treatment fidelity was monitored to ensure that the intervention was delivered as designed.Results: The children exhibited longer periods of verbal and social engagement during classroom periods that followed PA sessions than on non-PA days. Children also expressed more positive affect following PA sessions during the last week of the PA program. Despite high baseline scores,perceptions of general competence increased meaningfully(η2= 0.15, p = 0.05), driven by increase in perceptions of cognitive competence(η2= 0.15,p = 0.06).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of providing structured PA program to preschoolers. Moreover, these initial findings suggest that purposely designed, structured PA may help advance the social–emotional engagement and perceived competence of preschool children.

Emotional Vector Distance Based Sentiment Analysis of Wakamono Kotoba

In this paper,we propose a method for estimating emotion in Wakamono Kotoba that were not registered in the system,by using Wakamono Kotoba example sentences as features.The proposed method applies Earth Mover's Distance(EMD) to vector of words.As a result of the evaluation experiment using 14 440 sentences,higher estimation accuracy is obtained by considering emotional distance between words-an approach that had not been used in the conventional research-than by using only word importance value.

良好课堂心理氛围的创设

课堂教学是中学教育的基本组织形式,提高课堂效率,是实现教学目标的重要途径。课堂教学是教师与学生的双向交流过程,良好的课堂心理氛围的创设,是顺利完成教学任务的保证,这需要师生双方的共同努力,其中,在教学中起主导作用的教师,理应承担重要的责任。为此,教师应从自身做起,注意优化学生良好的心理品格,培养学生对学习的积极探究品质,运用包括调控反馈机制、激励评价原则等在内的教学方式方法,保持学生的积极向上的心理需求,以发挥学生的智力潜能,从而有效地推进由应试教育向素质教育的转变。

Emotional State Transition Model Based on Stimulus and Personality Characteristics

In order to use mathematical methods to study how cognitive reappraisal strategies affect the output state of emotions,Gross's cognitive reappraisal strategy is transformed into a quantitative parameter which is proposed to describe the general perception of emotional events on the basis of the emotion regulation.According to Gross's emotional regulation model,the Finite State Machine(FSM) model is used for describing the process of emotional state transition and the Likert 5 grading scale is introduced to study the level of an individual's reappraisal according to the participant's self-evaluation.The experimental results verify that the algorithm can effectively describe the relationship between the reappraisal strategy,emotional events and an emotiongenerative process.There are multiple dimensions of a human's emotional state.Thus,in the field of human-computer interaction,further research requires the development of a specific algorithm which can be implemented by a computer for the emotion regulation process.

What Do Emotions Do？ A Pragmatist Approach to the Role of Emotions in Media Events

Expressions of emotion in the media, especially in the context of news, are often criticized as promoting irrational attitudes. For supporters of this kind of criticism, rather than addressing such emotional sensitivity, journalism should be objective, appealing to the rationality of the public. Anger, indignation, enthusiasm, and expressions of joy or sadness should not have part in public debates. From this perspective, rationality and emotions are opposed, the former being fundamental for the constitution of the public sphere, while the latter falls into the category of inner impulses. While Kant denied any sort of rationality to emotions, Gustave Lebon attributed emotional attitudes to crowds rather than to a public. In a crowd, emotions spread like an epidemic through a kind of contagion. The present study is based on a contrasting perspective and focuses on the rationality of emotions＇, whether in philosophy （Nussbaum）, sociology （Paperman, Aranguren 2014; Livet 2002）, or psychology （Krant-Gruber）. Oddly enough, these different approaches do not seem to have affected media studies where, belief in the irrationality of emotions, still dominates analyses of media coverage of natural or industrial catastrophes, wars, or terrorist attacks. Instead of considering the nature of emotions, or the question of whether they actually corrupt the objectivity of journalism and the supposed rationality of public debates, I will seek to develop a pragmatist approach to the question of what, emotions actually do. In fact, the idea of emotions spreading contagiously had been disputed since the 18th century when Adam Smith asked how a British newspaper reader could be affected by an earthquake happening in China. Suffering from a distance, says Adam Smith, is not the product of some kind of contagion. If we want to understand this sort of feeling, we have to imagine an inner moral spectator inside of every human being Oddly enough, Adam Smith considers emotions to be moral feelings. To feel horrified by the consequences of an earthquake, or to feel indignant about the death of innocent victims, are moral attitudes. In this respect, they are rational, but the feelings of indignation or horror also include bodily reactions. We scream, put our hands over our mouths; we blush, have tears in our eyes; we feel our heartbeat accelerate etc. These bodily reactions seem impulsive and entirely subjective, but to what extent can we say that they are rational or moral？

ANALYSIS OF AFFECTIVE ECG SIGNALS TOWARD EMOTION RECOGNITION

Recently,as recognizing emotion has been one of the hallmarks of affective computing,more attention has been paid to physiological signals for emotion recognition.This paper presented an approach to emotion recognition using ElectroCardioGraphy(ECG) signals from multiple subjects.To collect reliable affective ECG data,we applied an arousal method by movie clips to make subjects experience specific emotions without external interference.Through precise location of P-QRS-T wave by continuous wavelet transform,an amount of ECG features was extracted sufficiently.Since feature selection is a combination optimization problem,Improved Binary Particle Swarm Optimization(IBPSO) based on neighborhood search was applied to search out effective features to improve classification results of emotion states with the help of fisher or K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) classifier.In the experiment,it is shown that the approach is successful and the effective features got from ECG signals can express emotion states excellently.

Escaping and Transforming Consciousness, Emotions, and Body

＂Emotion is a specific manner of apprehending the world＂ and transforming the world rather than an ＂accidental modification of a subject who is surrounded by an unchanged world,＂ according to Jean-Paul Sartre. Both Sketch for a Theory of the Emotions and Being and Nothingness set out to investigate these relationships in broadly two ways. One, consciousness of the world of others is experienced through our emotions （anger, fear, shame, and pride for instance） as a body that escapes our grasp in being-seen-by-another. Two, we apprehend the world through our emotions in the process of magical transformation （for example, fear, melancholy, and sadness）. This paper examines emotions on two levels： how we experience our ontological state as being-for-itself-in-itself and being-in-the-world-for-others; and how we conceive emotions as ＂magic＂ changing its relationship with the world ＂so that the world should change its qualities.＂ What is of critical interest here is the relationship between consciousness and emotions. Situating this discussion in the context of Satre＇s critique on psychology, it proceeds to advance his existential psychoanalysis, starting with establishing a place for emotions and concluding with its transformative power to escape their situations.

A Study on Chinese English Leamers＇ Use of Emotion Words

Most educated Chinese take English as an important communication tool and the language has been increasingly frequently used in all walks of life in the country. This paper is to examine the use of English emotion words on the target group of English learners in China. The study is designed to find out the relationship between the use of emotion words and such relevant variables as language proficiency, gender, and age. The results demonstrate that the use of emotion words is significantly linked to the level of proficiency as well as gender. Age is found to have slight effect on the use of emotion words. The study also reveals that more positive emotion words are produced than negative ones in the speech. Based on the major findings, some implications and suggestions are offered： Firstly, English learners in China are expected to improve their language proficiency, particularly that of listening and speaking. Secondly, they are supposed to enhance their culture awareness of English by means of exposing themselves to as much authentic language as possible.

Gait Recorded by Smart Phone Can Reveal Your Emotion

So far,a lot of scientific studies have been carried out on nonverbal signals,which are considered as extrinsic expression of human’s intrapsychic state.Among them,emotion detection aims to automatically determine a person’s affective state,with immense potentials in many areas from health care,psychological detection to human-computer interaction.Traditional emotion detection is based on expressions,or linguistic and acoustic features in speech.However,

Paying less but harvesting more:the effect of unconscious acceptance in regulating frustrating emotion

Previous studies indicate that emotion regulation may occur unconsciously, without the cost of cognitive effort, while conscious acceptance may enhance negative experiences despite having potential long-term health benefits. Thus, it is important to overcome this weakness to boost the efficacy of the acceptance strategy in negative emotion regulation. As unconscious regulation occurs with little cost of cognitive resources, the current study hypothesizes that unconscious acceptance regulates the emotional consequence of negative events more effectively than does conscious acceptance. Subjects were randomly assigned to conscious acceptance, unconscious acceptance and no-regulation conditions. A frustrating arithmetic task was used to induce negative emotion. Emotional experiences were assessed on the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale while emotion-related physiological activation was assessed by heart-rate reactivity. Results showed that conscious acceptance had a significant negative affective consequence, which was absent during unconscious acceptance. That is, unconscious acceptance was linked with little reduction of positive affect during the experience of frustration, while this reduction was prominent in the control and conscious acceptance groups. Instructed, conscious acceptance resulted in a greater reduction of positive affect than found for the control group. In addition, both conscious and unconscious acceptance strategies significantly decreased emotion-related heart-rate activity(to a similar extent) in comparison with the control condition. Moreover, heart-rate reactivity was positively correlated with negative affect and negatively correlated with positive affect during the frustration phase relative to the baseline phase, in both the control and unconscious acceptance groups. Thus, unconscious acceptance not only reduces emotion-related physiological activity but also better protects mood stability compared with conscious acceptance. This suggests that the clinical practice of acceptance therapy may need to consider using the unconscious priming of an accepting attitude, instead of intentionally instructing people to implement such a strategy, to boost the efficacy of acceptance in emotion regulation.

Caring to Teach: Exploring the Affective Economies of English Teachers in Singapore

The ethical project of education hinges on the ideal of caring relations between teachers and students, an ideal that entails deep emotional commitments on the part of teachers. Drawing on interview data from a larger study of teachers’ lived experiences in Singapore’s secondary schools,this paper examines the cultural politics of caring as an emotional practice in teaching. The ethic of care serves to construct normative accounts of good teaching based on "feeling rules," and becomes a disciplinary technology for evaluating the professional, social and emotional competencies of teachers. I suggest that this project in turn entails an ideological effort to mobilize teachers’ emotional attachment to this ethical ideal. The ethic of care shapes the subjectivities, beliefs, and practices of English teachers, particularly as they circulate through the neoliberal imperatives of educational accountability regimes.

Exploring University ESL/EFL Teachers' Emotional Well-Being and Emotional Regulation in the United States, Japan and Austria

Teacher well-being has been shown to play a central role in the quality of teaching and student achievement(Day & Gu, 2009;Klusmann, Kunter, Trautwein, Lüdtke, & Baumert, 2008). However,the teaching profession is currently in crisis as it faces record rates of burnout and attrition(Borman & Dowling, 2008;Hong, 2010;Lovewell, 2012), including stressors specific to the changing nature of foreign language teaching(Hiver & Dornyei, 2015;Wieczorek, 2016) and to higher education(Kinman & Wray, 2013). This study seeks to understand how language teachers perceive of and experience their emotional well-being and what strategies they employ to manage it. Through a series of 12 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with ESL/EFL tertiary-level teachers in the United States, Japan and Austria, we explore a range of contexts examining how participants perceive of factors that add to or detract from their emotional well-being, the challenges and joys these teachers face in their professional and personal lives, and the most salient emotional regulation strategies that they employ to manage their emotions.