Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension(PHT)accounts for about 20%of all PHT cases,portal vein thrombosis(PVT) resulting in cavernous transformation being the most common cause.All known complications of PHT may be encounte...Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension(PHT)accounts for about 20%of all PHT cases,portal vein thrombosis(PVT) resulting in cavernous transformation being the most common cause.All known complications of PHT may be encountered in patients with chronic PVT.However,the effect of this entity on the biliary tree and pancreatic duct has not yet been fully established.Additionally,a dispute remains regarding the nomenclature of common bile duct abnormalities which occur as a result of chronic PVT.Although many clinical reports have focused on biliary abnormalities,only a few have evaluated both the biliary and pancreatic ductal systems.In this review the relevant literature evaluating the effect of PVT on both ductal systems is discussed,and findings are considered with reference to results of a prominent center in Turkey,from which the term"portal ductopathy"has been put forth to replace"portal biliopathy".展开更多
Close Reading (Shen 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006) is a four-volume series of intensive-reading textbooks tailored for Chinese college majors of English. In order to build up a state-of-the-art framework for the design of th...Close Reading (Shen 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006) is a four-volume series of intensive-reading textbooks tailored for Chinese college majors of English. In order to build up a state-of-the-art framework for the design of the textbook, we integrated the achievements of cognitive science with the relevant L2 research because we regarded cognitive science as home to L2 research. This vantage stance led to the attempt to enhance the conceptual dimensions in form-meaning relation. Basically, we have targeted at two kinds of input for enhancement in the series of Close Reading: 1) input embodying culture-specific imaginative concepts, and 2) input embodying conventional imaginative concepts that are yet to be activated for further assimilation by the learner. The present microanalysis examines a number of sample tasks drawn from the series of the textbooks to inquire into the cognitive approach.展开更多
文摘Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension(PHT)accounts for about 20%of all PHT cases,portal vein thrombosis(PVT) resulting in cavernous transformation being the most common cause.All known complications of PHT may be encountered in patients with chronic PVT.However,the effect of this entity on the biliary tree and pancreatic duct has not yet been fully established.Additionally,a dispute remains regarding the nomenclature of common bile duct abnormalities which occur as a result of chronic PVT.Although many clinical reports have focused on biliary abnormalities,only a few have evaluated both the biliary and pancreatic ductal systems.In this review the relevant literature evaluating the effect of PVT on both ductal systems is discussed,and findings are considered with reference to results of a prominent center in Turkey,from which the term"portal ductopathy"has been put forth to replace"portal biliopathy".
文摘Close Reading (Shen 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006) is a four-volume series of intensive-reading textbooks tailored for Chinese college majors of English. In order to build up a state-of-the-art framework for the design of the textbook, we integrated the achievements of cognitive science with the relevant L2 research because we regarded cognitive science as home to L2 research. This vantage stance led to the attempt to enhance the conceptual dimensions in form-meaning relation. Basically, we have targeted at two kinds of input for enhancement in the series of Close Reading: 1) input embodying culture-specific imaginative concepts, and 2) input embodying conventional imaginative concepts that are yet to be activated for further assimilation by the learner. The present microanalysis examines a number of sample tasks drawn from the series of the textbooks to inquire into the cognitive approach.
