AIM： To investigate the frequency and clinical signifi- cance of the myeloid-derived suppressor cells （MDSC） in human colorectal carcinoma （CRC）. METHODS： Samples of peripheral blood and tumor tis- sue from 49 C...AIM： To investigate the frequency and clinical signifi- cance of the myeloid-derived suppressor cells （MDSC） in human colorectal carcinoma （CRC）. METHODS： Samples of peripheral blood and tumor tis- sue from 49 CRC patients were analyzed. Mononuclear cells were isolated by FicolI-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and were subjected to a flow cytometry- based immunophenotypic analysis. RESULTS： A considerable increase in the percentage of CD33＋HLA-DR MDSCs was observed in the periph- eral blood （1.89% ：1= 0.75%） and tumor tissues （2.99%±1.29%） of CRC patients as compared with that in theperipheral blood of healthy controls （0.54%±0.35%）. This expanded CD33＋HLA-DR subset exhibited imma- ture myeloid cell markers, but not lineage markers, and showed up-regulation of CD18/CD11b expression as compared with the MDSCs from healthy donors. Fur- ther studies showed that the MDSC proportion in CRC peripheral blood was correlated with nodal metastasis （P = 0.023）, whereas that in tumor tissues was cor- related with nodal/distant metastasis （P = 0.016/P = 0.047） and tumor stage （P = 0.028）, suggesting the involvement of MDSCs in CRC tumor development. CONCLUSION： Characterization of MDSCs in CRC sug- gests the clinical significance of circulating and tumor- infiltrating MDSCs and may provide new insights into the CRC immunotherapy targeting MDSCs.展开更多
The expression ＂My Hideous Progeny＂ is widely known to be taken from Mary Shelley＇s preface to the revised edition of Frankenstein （1831）, in which she wrote, of the novel itself and of its creature, Frankenstein...The expression ＂My Hideous Progeny＂ is widely known to be taken from Mary Shelley＇s preface to the revised edition of Frankenstein （1831）, in which she wrote, of the novel itself and of its creature, Frankenstein＇s monster. This paper argues that, if the monster is seen not only as the product of Frankenstein＇s workshop of filthy creation, but also as the child from whom Frankenstein as parent recoils in horror; the works of Kiki Smith, Abigail Lane, and Cindy Sherman, created out of body parts, may also be considered hideous progenies of female creativity. Like Mary Shelley＇s gothic novel, the body, in the work of these three women artists, is not only the raw material of their art, but also the screen on which we project our bad dreams. Through the art of Smith, Lane, and Sherman, we can certainly feel the shudder of body horror that ripples through the Gothic canon from Frankenstein, whose manmade monster＇s yellow skin barely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath. Departing from their artistic examples, we will be able to perceive how the monstrous feminine in contemporary art can be grounded in a very famous hallmark work of Gothic literature.展开更多
在龙门石窟魏唐窟龛的相关壁面空间内,如洞窟额楣、佛龛平座、主像背光等结构性部位,往往以浮雕的方式刻画各式烘托主像的装饰性画面。这些浮雕作品,或以几何图画,或以卷草纹样,或以带有情节寓意的佛典故事场景,或以展示施主生活面貌的...在龙门石窟魏唐窟龛的相关壁面空间内,如洞窟额楣、佛龛平座、主像背光等结构性部位,往往以浮雕的方式刻画各式烘托主像的装饰性画面。这些浮雕作品,或以几何图画,或以卷草纹样,或以带有情节寓意的佛典故事场景,或以展示施主生活面貌的世俗剪影,为人们礼拜这一佛国道场提供着视觉读品的审美愉悦。不仅如此,相对于这种美术题材的典型设定来说,上述美术作品艺术形式的选取,则更加具有体现当年东西方文化交流样板载体的意义——古代雕刻家采用此前西方广为流行而带有“密体意致”(appreciation of the ornate pattern)的构图技法,为东方造型艺术的形式创新,提供了一个带有浓郁模型意义的示范文本。因此,透过龙门石窟这一文化遗产及其艺术遗迹的美学分析与探讨,人们不仅从物质生产视域体会古代丝绸之路畅通时期东西方文化往来的密切,更能从意识形态视域感受当年东方世界如何从西方美术模型中汲取了那里行之久远的审美取向,从而促进人们由物质生产层面跨越到精神生产层面来认识丝路交流对于东西方社会文明沟通的历史价值。展开更多
In this paper we propose a novel and efficient quantum secret sharing protocol using d-level single particle,which it can realize a general access structure via the thought of concatenation. In addition, Our scheme in...In this paper we propose a novel and efficient quantum secret sharing protocol using d-level single particle,which it can realize a general access structure via the thought of concatenation. In addition, Our scheme includes all advantages of Tavakoli's scheme [Phys. Rev. A 92 (2015) 030302(R)]. In contrast to Tavakoli's scheme, the efficiency of our scheme is 1 for the same situation, and the access structure is more general and has advantages in practical significance. Furthermore, we also analyze the security of our scheme in the primary quantum attacks.展开更多
The need to simultaneously balance security and fairness in quantum key agreement(QKA) makes it challenging to design a flawless QKA protocol, especially a multiparty quantum key agreement(MQKA) protocol. When designi...The need to simultaneously balance security and fairness in quantum key agreement(QKA) makes it challenging to design a flawless QKA protocol, especially a multiparty quantum key agreement(MQKA) protocol. When designing an MQKA protocol,two modes can be used to transmit the quantum information carriers: travelling mode and distributed mode. MQKA protocols usually have a higher qubit efficiency in travelling mode than in distributed mode. Thus, several travelling mode MQKA protocols have been proposed. However, almost all of these are vulnerable to collusion attacks from internal betrayers. This paper proposes an improved MQKA protocol that operates in travelling mode with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs. More importantly, we present a new travelling mode MQKA protocol that uses single photons, which is more feasible than previous methods under current technologies.展开更多
The Einstein＇s genera/relativity is formulated in the Hamiltonian form for a spatia/ly Bat, isotropic and homogeneous universe. Subsequently, we perform the canonical quantization procedure to the Hamiltonian to obta...The Einstein＇s genera/relativity is formulated in the Hamiltonian form for a spatia/ly Bat, isotropic and homogeneous universe. Subsequently, we perform the canonical quantization procedure to the Hamiltonian to obtain the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Solving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and employing the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation to the wave function of the universe, we obtain a new version of spatia/ly fiat Friedmann equation for the early universe where the scale factor of the universe is taken to be sufilcientlv small.展开更多
文摘AIM： To investigate the frequency and clinical signifi- cance of the myeloid-derived suppressor cells （MDSC） in human colorectal carcinoma （CRC）. METHODS： Samples of peripheral blood and tumor tis- sue from 49 CRC patients were analyzed. Mononuclear cells were isolated by FicolI-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and were subjected to a flow cytometry- based immunophenotypic analysis. RESULTS： A considerable increase in the percentage of CD33＋HLA-DR MDSCs was observed in the periph- eral blood （1.89% ：1= 0.75%） and tumor tissues （2.99%±1.29%） of CRC patients as compared with that in theperipheral blood of healthy controls （0.54%±0.35%）. This expanded CD33＋HLA-DR subset exhibited imma- ture myeloid cell markers, but not lineage markers, and showed up-regulation of CD18/CD11b expression as compared with the MDSCs from healthy donors. Fur- ther studies showed that the MDSC proportion in CRC peripheral blood was correlated with nodal metastasis （P = 0.023）, whereas that in tumor tissues was cor- related with nodal/distant metastasis （P = 0.016/P = 0.047） and tumor stage （P = 0.028）, suggesting the involvement of MDSCs in CRC tumor development. CONCLUSION： Characterization of MDSCs in CRC sug- gests the clinical significance of circulating and tumor- infiltrating MDSCs and may provide new insights into the CRC immunotherapy targeting MDSCs.
文摘The expression ＂My Hideous Progeny＂ is widely known to be taken from Mary Shelley＇s preface to the revised edition of Frankenstein （1831）, in which she wrote, of the novel itself and of its creature, Frankenstein＇s monster. This paper argues that, if the monster is seen not only as the product of Frankenstein＇s workshop of filthy creation, but also as the child from whom Frankenstein as parent recoils in horror; the works of Kiki Smith, Abigail Lane, and Cindy Sherman, created out of body parts, may also be considered hideous progenies of female creativity. Like Mary Shelley＇s gothic novel, the body, in the work of these three women artists, is not only the raw material of their art, but also the screen on which we project our bad dreams. Through the art of Smith, Lane, and Sherman, we can certainly feel the shudder of body horror that ripples through the Gothic canon from Frankenstein, whose manmade monster＇s yellow skin barely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath. Departing from their artistic examples, we will be able to perceive how the monstrous feminine in contemporary art can be grounded in a very famous hallmark work of Gothic literature.
文摘在龙门石窟魏唐窟龛的相关壁面空间内,如洞窟额楣、佛龛平座、主像背光等结构性部位,往往以浮雕的方式刻画各式烘托主像的装饰性画面。这些浮雕作品,或以几何图画,或以卷草纹样,或以带有情节寓意的佛典故事场景,或以展示施主生活面貌的世俗剪影,为人们礼拜这一佛国道场提供着视觉读品的审美愉悦。不仅如此,相对于这种美术题材的典型设定来说,上述美术作品艺术形式的选取,则更加具有体现当年东西方文化交流样板载体的意义——古代雕刻家采用此前西方广为流行而带有“密体意致”(appreciation of the ornate pattern)的构图技法,为东方造型艺术的形式创新,提供了一个带有浓郁模型意义的示范文本。因此,透过龙门石窟这一文化遗产及其艺术遗迹的美学分析与探讨,人们不仅从物质生产视域体会古代丝绸之路畅通时期东西方文化往来的密切,更能从意识形态视域感受当年东方世界如何从西方美术模型中汲取了那里行之久远的审美取向,从而促进人们由物质生产层面跨越到精神生产层面来认识丝路交流对于东西方社会文明沟通的历史价值。
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61373150 and 61602291Industrial Research and Development Project of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province under Grant No.2013k0611
文摘In this paper we propose a novel and efficient quantum secret sharing protocol using d-level single particle,which it can realize a general access structure via the thought of concatenation. In addition, Our scheme includes all advantages of Tavakoli's scheme [Phys. Rev. A 92 (2015) 030302(R)]. In contrast to Tavakoli's scheme, the efficiency of our scheme is 1 for the same situation, and the access structure is more general and has advantages in practical significance. Furthermore, we also analyze the security of our scheme in the primary quantum attacks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61501414,61602045,61601171,61309029,11504024 and 61502041)
文摘The need to simultaneously balance security and fairness in quantum key agreement(QKA) makes it challenging to design a flawless QKA protocol, especially a multiparty quantum key agreement(MQKA) protocol. When designing an MQKA protocol,two modes can be used to transmit the quantum information carriers: travelling mode and distributed mode. MQKA protocols usually have a higher qubit efficiency in travelling mode than in distributed mode. Thus, several travelling mode MQKA protocols have been proposed. However, almost all of these are vulnerable to collusion attacks from internal betrayers. This paper proposes an improved MQKA protocol that operates in travelling mode with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs. More importantly, we present a new travelling mode MQKA protocol that uses single photons, which is more feasible than previous methods under current technologies.
文摘The Einstein＇s genera/relativity is formulated in the Hamiltonian form for a spatia/ly Bat, isotropic and homogeneous universe. Subsequently, we perform the canonical quantization procedure to the Hamiltonian to obtain the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Solving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and employing the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation to the wave function of the universe, we obtain a new version of spatia/ly fiat Friedmann equation for the early universe where the scale factor of the universe is taken to be sufilcientlv small.
